Journal of Mushroom (한국버섯학회지)

The Korean Society of Mushroom Science (한국버섯학회)
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Analysis of nutritional contents and useful functional materials for finding breeding resources in Flammulina velutipes

팽이 기능성 육종소재 발굴을 위한 영양성분 및 유용 기능성 물질 분석

  • Ji-Hoon, Im (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Minji, Oh (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Youn-Lee, Oh (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Min-Sik, Kim (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Jong-Won, Lee (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA)
  • 임지훈 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 버섯과) ;
  • 오민지 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 버섯과) ;
  • 오연이 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 버섯과) ;
  • 김민식 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 버섯과) ;
  • 이종원 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 버섯과)
  • Received : 2022.11.16
  • Accepted : 2022.11.25
  • Published : 2022.12.31
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Abstract

Flammulina velutipes, known as winter mushroom in the family of Physalacriaceae, is the main edible and export mushroom with the third highest production after oyster and king oyster mushroom in Korea. However, as normal consumers regard F. velutipes as a simple subsidiary material, there is a limitation to increasing mushroom demand. In order to overcome the consumption limit and increase the differentiation of new varieties, it is necessary to breed varieties with enhanced functionality in consideration of consumer preferences. Therefore, the study was performed to analyze nutrient components and several useful functional substances with 26 genetic resources of F. velutipes. Analyses of inorganic compound(Ca, K, Mg) and 15 amino acids revealed that Strain 4148 had the highest content among the 26 strains. Beta-glucan, which increases immune activity and polyphenol, which exert antioxidant effects were higher in non-white strains than in white strains with a small number of exceptions. Among the five fatty acids, linoleic acid(an omega-6 fatty acid) and α-linolenic acid(an omega-3 fatty acid), were detected in six mushroom strains. α-linolenic acid, which was not found in five major mushrooms including oyster mushrooms, was identified in F. velutipes. The results of HPLC analysis showed that 'Auram' (Strain 4232) and 'Baekseung'(Strain 4230) had the highest content of the stabilizing neurotransmitter GABA(15.38 ㎍/ml and 20.56 ㎍/ml, respectively) among non-white and white strains, respectively. Our findings provide useful information for breeding F. velutipes to obtain strains with enhanced functionality.

팽이는 국내 생산량이 느타리, 큰느타리 다음으로 많고, 수출량도 버섯 전체 수출량의 60%이상 차지할 정도로 대표적인 버섯이며 가격이 저렴하여 소비자들이 쉽게 접근할 수 있는 품목이다. 그러나 팽이는 소비자들에게는 단순한 부재료로 인식되어 수요를 높이기에는 한계가 있다. 이에 팽이의 소비한계를 극복하고 품종의 차별성을 높이고자 기능성이 강화된 품종 개발이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 팽이의 기호성과 기능성이 높은 육종소재를 발굴하고자 유전자원 26점을 대상으로 아미노산, 무기물을 포함하는 일반 영양성분, 베타글루칸 및 폴리페놀, 지방산 5종 및 GABA 물질까지 분석하였다. 칼슘, 칼륨, 마그네슘과 같은 무기물과 아미노산 15종에서 4148 균주가 가장 함량이 높았다. 면역 활성을 높이는 베타글루칸과 항산화 효능이 있는 폴리페놀은 일부 균주를 제외하고는 유색자원이 흰색자원들에 비해 높은 경향성을 보였다. 지방산은 5가지 중 오메가-6 지방산인 리놀렌산과 오메가3-지방산 중 하나인 알파-리놀렌산이 버섯에서 검출되었으며 특히, 알파-리놀렌산은 느타리 등 5가지 주요버섯에는 없고 팽이에만 유일하게 확인되었다. 신경안정에 도움이 되는 GABA는 유색자원에서는 '아람'(4232) 품종이 15.38 ㎍/ml으로 가장 높았으며, 흰색은 '백승'(4230) 품종이 20.56 ㎍/ml으로 가장 높았다. 본 연구결과는 기능성이 강화된 팽이 신품종을 개발하는데 유용한 자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 기본과제(PJ01516401)에서 수행한 연구 결과로 연구비 지원에 감사드립니다.

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