• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.478-482
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• 2020

Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) has received increasing interest among plastic surgeons as a long-term complication of breast augmentation. Although the prognosis is usually good, mortality is a possible outcome. Most of the cases reported in the past two decades have been from the United States, Europe, and Australia, whereas cases of BIA-ALCL in Asia remain rare. Herein, we describe the first known case of BIA-ALCL in Thailand, in which a 32-year-old woman developed BIA-ALCL 3 years after breast augmentation using textured implants. The patient underwent bilateral removal of the implants and ipsilateral total capsulectomy. This case report-the first of its kind from Thailand-should increase awareness of BIA-ALCL among plastic surgeons in Asia. The true incidence of BIA-ALCL in Asia may be underreported.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.85 no.2
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• pp.415-420
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• 2024

Lymphoma is an uncommon type of breast malignancy, with low prevalence. The ultrasonographic findings of breast lymphoma have been described as nonspecific. Breast lymphoma most commonly appears as a solitary hypoechoic mass on US, and usually shows hypervascularity on color Doppler US. Herein, we report an unusual case of breast lymphoma that presented as multiple bilateral hyperechoic nodules on US.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.175-182
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• 2021

Breast implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized as CD30 positive and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) negative. In 2016, the World Health Organization declared BIA-ALCL as a new disease entity. The first case of BIA-ALCL was reported in 1997, and as of July 2019, the United States Food and Drug Administration had cited a total of 573 United States and global medical device reports of BIA-ALCL, including 33 deaths. In all clinical case reports, except for those with unknown clinical history, the patient had received at least one textured surface breast implant. Although the etiology is not yet clear, chronic inflammation has been proposed as a potential precursor to tumorigenesis. The most common presentation of BIA-ALCL is peri-implant fluid collection following aesthetic or reconstructive implantation with textured surface breast implants. It can be accompanied by breast swelling, asymmetry, pain, skin lesions, lymphadenopathy, and B-type symptoms. Most cases are detected on average 7 to 10 years after implantation. Diagnostic specimens can be obtained with fine-needle aspiration or biopsy. BIA-ALCL is CD30 positive, epithelial membrane antigen positive, and ALK negative. It can be cured with complete surgical excision at the T1-T3 stage.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.112-115
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• 2004

Lymphoproliferative disorders, manifesting either as a primary lesion or as part of a generalized process, rarely involve the breast. The primary malignant lymphoma of the breast is rare. The cytologic features of this neoplasm have not been reported in Korea thus far. We described a case of primary malignant lymphoma of the breast, as diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in an 84-year-old female. FNAC smears showed high cellularity. The main cytologic feature observed was a carpeting of monotonous, atypical, enlarged lymphoid cells. These lymphocytes showed relatively round elliptical nuclei with some indentation. One or more prominent nucleoli were seen. Biopy from the breast mass revealed diagnostic features of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell type.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.3631-3635
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• 2016

Background: Breast lymphomas constitute a rare disease entity. To date, limited relevant data have been reported. We therefore here present a review of breast lymphoma patients treated at a single center over a 20 year period, focusing on histological types, treatment modalities and outcomes. Materials and Methods: We identified patients who were diagnosed and treated for breast lymphoma at a single center from January 1995 to January 2014 and extracted data regarding patients' demographics and clinical data. Results: Twenty-seven patients with breast lymphoma were identified, of which 3 were males. The median age at diagnosis was 37 years (range: 22-76 years). Chemotherapy was the main stay of treatment and 55.6% patients also received radiation to the affected breast. At our institute, only 3 patients, all with progressive disease, had surgery performed to achieve local palliation. Complete response after chemotherapy was seen in 63% patients and partial response in 7.4%, while 26% patients demonstrated disease progression. The mean follow up was 46.8 months. Seven patients (33.3%) who were alive at last follow up, as well as 1 patient who died, survived more than 5 years after diagnosis. Conclusions: Patients with breast lymphoma should receive aggressive treatment, with combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Surgery should be limited for diagnosis and palliation of local symptoms in cases of progressive disease.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.176-181
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• 2014

Primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) of the breast is a very rare disease, and the mammographic and ultrasonographic findings of breast lymphoma are variable. There are several reports of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings in patients with breast lymphomas; however, few reports have described the findings observed on MR spectroscopy or the features of diffusion weighted (DW) imaging. The authors report the findings of classical MR imaging, MR spectroscopy and DW imaging of a 48-year-old woman and a 40-year-old woman with primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of breasts. Mammography and breast ultrasonography revealed a mass with circumscribed margin. The mass showed strong enhancement after contrast injection on MR imaging. DW imaging showed reduced diffusion and high-amplitude choline (Cho) peak at 3.22 ppm was detected by single voxel MR spectroscopy which was consistent with malignancy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.82 no.3
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• pp.729-736
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• 2021

Multiple primary malignant neoplasms refer to two or more malignancies in an individual that are not related. We report a case of a 78-year-old male with concurrent breast mucinous carcinoma and extramammary lymphoma. The patient initially presented with palpable masses in the left breast and the right groin, which were pathologically confirmed after a surgical biopsy as breast mucinous carcinoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, respectively. He underwent whole-body 18-fluorine deoxyglucose PET/CT before surgery, and an enhancing nodular lesion in the left lingual tonsil was found incidentally. It was later confirmed as a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, a pathology of the same type as the right inguinal mass. Unspecified lymphadenopathies in breast cancer patients may easily be considered as metastatic lesions. However, this case suggests that lymphomas should be included in the differential diagnoses to avoid misdiagnosis and treatment delay, especially in older adult patients.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 2022

Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a recently spotlighted T-cell origin non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with an increasing incidence of over 800 cases and 33 deaths reported worldwide. Development of BIA-ALCL is likely a complex process involving many factors, such as the textured implant surface, bacterial biofilm growth, immune response, and patient genetics. As the incidence of BIA-ALCL is expected to increase, it is important for all surgeons and physicians to be aware of this disease entity and acquire thorough knowledge of current evidence-based guidelines and recommendations. Early detection, accurate diagnosis, and appropriate treatment are the foundations of current care.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.373-377
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• 2021

Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a recently described form of T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma now formally recognized by the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms. The aim of this paper is to report the first case of BIA-ALCL diagnosed in a pregnant patient. It is well known that BIA-ALCL appears as an indolent lymphoma with a good prognosis when diag-nosed at early stages and clinical guidelines for its management have been clearly published. Nevertheless, they lack a standardized approach for BIA-ALCL during pregnancy. With limited experience in our case, treatment has been safely postponed after term without affecting patient's overall prognosis and without fetal complication. The fact that the disease was diagnosed at an early stage (stage I) undoubtedly influenced the course of treatment. A multidisciplinary approach weighing the risks and benefits of treatment is of paramount importance in order to ensure the best possible outcome for both the mother and her child and clinical update guidelines should be issued.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.3619-3622
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• 2016

Background: Triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are high grade aggressive tumors generally with a poor prognosis, not responding to hormonal and anti Her2 Neu therapy. Expression of the antiapoptotic B cell lymphoma 2 gene (Bcl-2) is associated with low grade, slowly proliferating hormone receptor positive tumors with improved survival. Anti Bcl2 agents can be used as alternative targeted therapy in triple negative cancers. Materials and Methods: The objective of this study was to determine the immunohistochemical expression of Bcl2 in triple negative breast cancers and any correlation with clinicopathological variables in Northern Pakistan. Results: All 52 patients were females, aged between 28 and 80 years(average $48.0{\pm}12.1$). 28 cases (53.8%) were positive for Bcl2, this being associated with low grade invasive ductal carcinomas, lymph node metastasis and lymphovascular invasion. Conclusions: Bcl-2 may be an important prognostic factor and its expression might be used for targeted therapy using Anti Bcl2 drugs.