• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.845-862
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• 1995

모유수유를 시작하지 않는 산모의 특성과 모유수유 중단을 예측해주는 특성을 찾아내기 위하여 1년간 매달 전화면담으로 추적조사를 실시하였다. 등록대상자는 대구시의 대학병원 산부인과와 개업산부인과 각각 1개소에서 1991년 9월부터 11월까지 분만한 산모로서 최종분석에 이용된 자는 대학병원에서 166명, 개업산부인과에서 316명으로 총 482명이었다. 모유수유 중단은 고형식 유무에 관계없이 100% 인공수유로 전환하여 1주일 이상 지속하는 것으로 정의하였다. 대상자의 평균연령은 27.3세(표준편차 3.2)였다. 모유수유를 중단한 산모와 지속한 산모간의 특성차이는 다중지수회귀분석시 출신지, 직업, 출산방법, 모성의 건강을 위해 좋다고 생각되는 수유방법 등이었다. 한 달 이상 모유수유를 지속한 242명의 산모를 추적조사시에 모유수유 중단의 중앙값은 5개월이었으며 추적 대상자의 25%, 75%가 각각 3개월, 9개월에 모유수유를 중단하였다. Cox's proportional hazard model로 분석시 9년이하의 교육수준인 산모에 비하여 $10\sim12$년을 교육받은 산모는 2.63배(95% 신뢰구간 $1.50\sim4.60$), 13년 이상의 교육을 받은 산모는 3.55배(95% 신뢰구간 $1.99\sim6.33$)나 모유수유 중단을 할 가능성이 더 높았다. 전업 주부에 비하여 시간제 근무를 하는 주부는 1.99배(95% 신뢰구간 $0.86\sim4.57$) 모유수유 중단의 가능성이 더 높았고 취업 주부는 1.55배(95% 신뢰구간 $0.96\sim2.51$) 더 높았다. 이러한 결과는 모유수유를 시작하지 않는 것과 관련된 변수와 모유수유 중단과 관련된 변수들이 다를 수 있다는 사실을 시사해주며 모유수유 증진을 위한 전략 역시 출산 후 시기에 따라 달라져야 한다는 것을 시사해준다.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 1993년도 제45차 추계 학술대회 연제집
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• pp.49-50
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• 1993

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.6147-6150
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• 2013

Background: Breast feeding is considered to be mutually beneficial for both mothers and infants, though the effect of lactation problems on development of breast lesions (whether benign or malignant) is not clear. Objectives: This study was conducted to identify possible relations between lactation problems and benign and malignant breast disease. Materials and Methods: 308 patients referred to two referral breast clinics in Tehran, the capital city of IR Iran, between January 2008 and January 2011, were recruited. They were interviewed by a standard questionnaire regarding breast feeding problems. The study population was classified in 3 major groups; breast feeding without any problem, unwillingness to breast feed according to whether mothers' preference not to feed or some breast problems like mastitis, and finally insufficient milk that caused the mothers to feed their babies with formula. Results: Recruiting binary logistic regression method, mother's unwillingness to feed her child by breast milk, and also breast problems such as mastitis and abscess during lactation period showed significant relation with both benign and malignant breast diseases (p value<0.01). Surprisingly, inadequate milk was not associated with any of these conditions. Conclusions: We concluded that lactation problems which involve normal milk drainage from the breast may play an important role in whether the mother wll subsequently develope both benign and malignant pathologies. In contrast in the situation that the production of the milk is not sufficient and there are no intentional or unintentional problems in drainage of the produced milk, future problems would not be more common.

• 셀메드
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.19.1-19.6
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• 2014

The most important reason mentioned for the early discontinuation of breast feeding and introduction of supplementary bottles is Perceived Insufficient Milk (PIM), which is relatively common in women. This is of public health concern because the use of breast milk substitutes increases the risk of morbidity and mortality among infants in developing countries and shortens birth intervals. Thus, a literary search in classical text for aetiopathogenesis, symptoms and treatment of PIM were appraised to implement in contemporary era. The classical Unani texts viz., Al Qanon fit Tib (Canon of Medicine), Al Hawi (Continens Liber), Zakheera Kharzam Shahi, Tarjuma Kamilus Sana, Tibbe Akbar, Akseer Azam, and Kitabul Kulliyat were reviewed. Further certain galactogogue herbs which are in use since antiquity such as fenugreek, cotton seeds, cumin, asparagus, black cumin etc were explored in different search engines on website for proven galactogogue activity. The causes of PIM are abnormal temperament of body or breast, anaemia, anxiety, depression, malnutrition etc. The principle treatment is treating the cause viz., the temperament is corrected by diet and drugs in abnormal temperament, elimination of humour is required in dominance of humour etc. The aforementioned drugs are proven scientifically for their galactogogue activity. The classical texts are having valuable information regarding PIM, which can be implemented in present era. Aforementioned Unani drugs are proven scientifically for with their galactogogue effect, however, clinical trials are scarce. Therefore, further randomized controlled clinical trials are recommended.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.248-256
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• 2018

Due to increased number of women workers in Indonesia in the last decade, numbers of women living as a worker and a housewife have increased. This also increases the potential risk of breastfeeding discontinuation. Three months of maternal leave policy and inadequate lactation promotion support in workplace have been identified as factors that hinder lactating practices. The World Health Organization recommendation of 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding and joined regulation of three Indonesia ministers (Ministry of Health, Ministry of Labour, and Ministry of Women Empower) have failed to improve the exclusive breastfeeding rate among female workers in Indonesia due to the lack of a standardized guideline on lactation promotion at workplace. In addition, very limited or no studies have been conducted to evaluate the impact of workplace-based lactation intervention programs on exclusive breastfeeding rate among female workers. This is because the relationship of lactation with working performance and productivity could not motivate employer to invest in workplace-based lactation promotion facility or program.