• Title/Summary/Keyword: Branch

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Vascular Anatomy of Peroneal Perforator Flap (비골 동맥 천공지 피판의 혈관 해부학)

  • Chung, Duke Whan;Han, Chung Soo;Hwang, Joon Sung
    • Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.36-42
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    • 2004
  • Materials and Methods: We studied 50 cases of peroneal perforating branch about branching pattern, course, length of vascular pedicle, and perforating level of the perforating cutaneous branches from Oct. 1985 to November 2003 by doppler flow meter and intraoperative findings. Results: 1) The perforating cutaneous branches were classified into four types, the Straight Branch (27cases), the Proximal Oblique Branch (11cases), the Branch from Muscular Artery (10cases), the Distal Oblique Branch(2 cases) respectively. The most common patten was Straight Branch, that was 54%. 2) There were 3 pathways of these branches, the most common one passed between the Soleus and Peroneus muscles(34 cases, 68%) 3) The length of vascular pedicle in Buoy Flap was variable from from 3 cm to 15 cm, but 32 cases(64%) were distributed between 5 cm and 6 cm. 4) The perforating level of branches were 5.9 cm in average from fibular neck to subcutaneous perforator artery 5) Peroneal Buoy Flap in possible to reconstruct both seperated bone and skin defect in some distance by One-Stage Operation and we can harvest maximal $8{\times}16cm$ sized flap in one perforating artery. If we include more two perforating artery, we get more wide flap which can cover large defect.

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A survey on the prevalence of parasites in Korean indigenous goats of Iksan-branch (익산지소 관내 재래산양의 내부 기생충 감염 실태 조사)

  • Koh Won-Seok;Lee Jae-Woog;Im Jeong-Cheol;Han Jae-Cheol;Lee Hee-Mun
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.107-112
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    • 2005
  • In order to monitor the parasites, 204 fecal samples were taken from Korean indigenous goats of Iksan-branch. Then identification of the parasites was determined by the fecal examination using the floatation and microscopical examination, respectively. The detection of rates was $91.2\%$, and mixed infection rates were single $38.7\%,\;double\;28.4\%,\;triple\;15.2\%,\;Quadraple\;6.9\%\;and\;Qunituple\;20.0\%$. The isolated were identified as Eimeria spp from 169 heads, Strongyloides papillosus from 56 heads, Ostertagia spp from 24 heads, Trichostrongylus spp from 22 heads, Moniezia expensa from 18 heads, Oesophagostomum spp from 17 heads, Bonostomum spp from 12 heads, Cooperia spp from 12 heads, Heamonchus spp from 8 heads and Capillaria spp from 2 heads.

Interaction between UN and CdCl2 in molten LiCl-KCl eutectic. II. Experiment at 1023 K

  • Zhitkov, Alexander;Potapov, Alexei;Karimov, Kirill;Kholkina, Anna;Shishkin, Vladimir;Dedyukhin, Alexander;Zaykov, Yury
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.54 no.2
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    • pp.653-660
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    • 2022
  • The interaction between UN and CdCl2 in the LiCl-KCl molten eutectic was studied at 1023 K. The chlorination was monitored by sampling and recording the redox potential of the medium. At 1023 K the chlorination of UN with cadmium chloride in the molten LiCl-KCl eutectic proceeds completely and results in the formation of uranium chlorides. The melts of the LiCl-KCl-UCl3 or LiCl-KCl-UCl4 compositions can be obtained by the end of experiment depending on the presence of metallic cadmium in the reaction zone. The higher the concentration of the chlorinating agent, the faster the reaction rate. At [CdCl2]/[UN] = 1.65 (10% excess) the reaction proceeds to completion in about 7.5 h. At [CdCl2]/[UN] = 7 the complete chlorination takes 2.5-3 h.

The Variation of Winter Buds among 10 Selected Populations of Kalopanax septemlobus Koidz. in Korea

  • Kim, Sea-Hyun;Ahn, Young-sang;Jung, Hyun-Kwon;Jang, Yong-Seok;Park, Hyung-Soon
    • Plant Resources
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    • v.5 no.3
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    • pp.214-223
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    • 2002
  • The objective of this study was to understand the conservation of gene resources and provide information for mass selection' of winter bud characters among the selected populations of Kalopanax septemlobus Koidz using analysis of variance(ANOVA) tests. The obtained results are shown below; 1. Ten populations of K. septemlobus were selected for the study of the variation of winter bud characters in Korea. The results of the analysis of variance(ANOVA) tests shows that there were statistically significant differences in all of the winter bud characters among those populations. 2. Correlation analysis shows that width between Height and DBH(Diameter at breast height) characters have negative relationship with all of the characters, as ABL(Apical branch length), ABW(Apical branch width), AWBL(Apical branch winter bud length), AWBW(Apical branch winter bud width), ABT(Apical branch No. of thorns), ABLB(Apical branch No. of lateral bud) and LBL(Lateral branch length), LBW(Lateral branch width), LBT(Lateral branch No. of thorns), LBLB(Lateral branch No. of lateral bud). 3. The result of principal component analysis(PCA) for winter buds showed that the first principal components(PC' s) to the fourth principal component explains about 78% of the total variation. The first principal component(PC) was correlated with AWBW, LWBW, and LBL and the ratio of ABL/ABW and LBL/LBW out of 16 winter bud characters. The second principal component correlated with ABL, ABW, ABLB, LWBL(Lateral branch winter bud length), and LBW and the ratio of AWBL/AWBW. The third principal component correlated with ABL, ABW, LWBL, LBL, and the ratio of LBL/LBW. The fourth principal component correlated with LBL and the ratio of LWBL/LWBW(Lateral branch winter bud width), LBL/LBW. Therefore, these characters were important to analysis of the variation for winter bud characters among selected populations of K. septemlobus in Korea. 4. Cluster analysis using the average linkage method based on 10 selected populations for the 16 winter bud characters of K. septemlobus in Korea showed a clustering into two groups by level of distance 1.1(Fig. 3). As can be seen in Fig. 3, Group I consisted of three areas(Mt. Sori, Mt. Balwang and Mt. Worak) and Group Ⅱ contisted of seven areas(Suwon, Mt. Chuwang, Mt. Kyeryong, Mt. Kaji, Mt. Jiri, Muan, and Mt. Halla). The result of cluster analysis for winter bud characters corresponded well with principal component analysis, as is shown in Fig. 2.

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Simple Recovery Mechanism for Branch Misprediction in Global-History-Based Branch Predictors Allowing the Speculative Update of Branch History (분기 히스토리의 모험적 갱신을 허용하는 전역 히스토리 기반 분기예측기에서 분기예측실패를 위한 간단한 복구 메커니즘)

  • Ko, Kwang-Hyun;Cho, Young-Il
    • Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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    • v.32 no.6
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    • pp.306-313
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    • 2005
  • Conditional branch prediction is an important technique for improving processor performance. Branch mispredictions, however, waste a large number of cycles, inhibit out-of-order execution, and waste electric power on mis-speculated instructions. Hence, the branch predictor with higher accuracy is necessary for good processor performance. In global-history-based predictors like gshare and GAg, many mispredictions come from commit update of the history. Some works on this subject have discussed the need for speculative update of the history and recovery mechanisms for branch mispredictions. In this paper, we present a simple mechanism for recovering the branch history after a misprediction. The proposed mechanism adds an age_counter to the original predictor and doubles the size of the branch history register. The age_counter counts the number of outstanding branches and uses it to recover the branch history register. Simulation results on the Simplescalar 3.0/PISA tool set and the SPECINTgS benchmarks show that gshare and GAg with the proposed recovery mechanism improved the average prediction accuracy by 2.14$\%$ and 9.21$\%$, respectively and the average IPC by 8.75$\%$ and 18.08$\%$, respectively over the original predictor.

Design of an Instruction Fetch Unit for RAPTOR, a On-Chip Multiprocessor (RAPTOR의 명령어 페치 유닛 설계)

  • 이성권;오형철이상원한우종
    • Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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    • 1998.10a
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    • pp.767-770
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    • 1998
  • This paper introduces an instruction fetch unit which is designed for RAPTOR, an on-chip multiprocessor. In order to reduce control hazards, the proposed fetch unit supports a hybrid branch prediction scheme which consists of a static scheme and the 2bC branch prediction scheme. The fetch unit also utilizes the branch folding technique with two instruction buffers to avoid the branch penalty caused by imspredictions. Instructions are predecoded in the fetch unit to achieve extra performance gain.

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