• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2012

Nowadays, various researches about eco-friendly vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicle, fuel cell vehicle and electric vehicle have been actively carried out. Since most of these green cars have electric motors, the regenerative energy technology can be used to improve the fuel economy and the energy efficiency of vehicles. The regenerative brake is an energy recovery mechanism which slows a vehicle by converting its kinetic energy into electric energy, which can be either used immediately or stored until needed. This technology plays a significant role in achieving the high energy usage. However, there are some technical problems for controlling the regenerative braking and the electro-hydraulic brake during switching at transient region. In this paper, the performance simulator for fuel-cell vehicle is developed and transient response characteristics of the regenerative braking system are analyzed in the various driving situations. And the hardware-in-the-loop simulation of electro-hydraulic brake is performed to validate the transient characteristics of the regenerative braking system for fuel-cell electric vehicle.

• 유공압시스템학회논문집
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

In this paper, an energy regeneration algorithm is proposed to make the maximum use of the regenerative braking energy for a parallel hybrid electric vehicle(HEV) equipped with a continuous variable transmission(CVT). The regenerative algorithm is developed by considering the battery state of charge(SOC), vehicle velocity and motor capacity. The hydraulic module consists of a reducing valve and a power unit to supply the front wheel brake pressure according to the control algorithm. In order to evaluate the performance of the regenerative braking algorithm and the hydraulic module, a hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) is performed. In the HILS system, the brake system consists of four wheel brakes and the hydraulic module. Dynamic characteristics of the HEV are simulated using an HEV simulator. In the HEV simulator, each element of the HEV powertrain such as internal combustion engine, motor, battery and CVT is modelled using MATLAB/$Simulink^{(R)}$. In the HILS, a driver operates the brake pedal with his or her foot while the vehicle speed is displayed on the monitor in real time. It is found from the HILS that the regenerative braking algorithm and the hydraulic module suggested in this paper provide a satisfactory braking performance in tracking the driving schedule and maintaining the battery state of charge.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.55-58
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• 2005

During braking at a train, thermal energy is generated due to the frictions between disk and lining and wheel and shoe. In general, the braking transfers the kinetic energy into thermal energy. Therefore, the frictional characteristics are varied according to the braking force, the thermal resistance, and the thermostable, etc. Using a Dynamo testing we have studied the frictional characteristics and the thermal distribution to investigate a stable speed and to improve the testing method through comparing and analysing in the measurement of the thermocouple temperature and infrared camera.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.469-478
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• 2015

In order to promote the application of switched reluctance machines (SRM) in electric vehicles (EVs), the braking torque closed-loop control of a SRM is proposed. A hysteresis current regulator with the soft chopping mode is employed to reduce the switching frequency and switching loss. A torque estimator is designed to estimate the braking torque online and to achieve braking torque feedback. A feed-forward plus saturation compensation torque regulator is designed to decrease the dynamic response time and to improve the steady-state accuracy of the braking torque. The turn-on and turn-off angles are optimized by a genetic algorithm (GA) to reduce the braking torque ripple and to improve the braking energy feedback efficiency. Finally, a simulation model and an experimental platform are built. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate the correctness of the proposed control strategy.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.119-123
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• 2012

In traditional vehicles, a great amount of energy is dissipated by braking. In electric vehicles (EVs), however, electric motors can be controlled to operate as generators to convert kinetic and potential energy of vehicles into electrical energy and store it in batteries. In this paper, the relationship between regenerative braking factor and battery final SOC is derived and the final SOC from the relationship is compared to that from simulation. Two types of braking algorithms are introduced and applied to an EV, and the final SOC derived from simulation is compared to that derived from the relationship.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.8-13
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• 2012

Recently, researches about the eco-friendly vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicle, fuel cell vehicle and electric vehicle have been actively carried out. The regenerative braking system is a key technology to improve the vehicle energy utilization efficiency because it transforms the kinetic energy to the electric energy through the electric motor. This new braking system requires cooperative control between electric controlled brake and regenerative brake. Therefore, it is necessary to establish fault-diagnosis and fail-safe evaluation criteria to secure reliability of the regenerative braking system. In this paper, the failure types and causes in regenerative braking system were analyzed. The transient behavior characteristics were examined based on fault-diagnosis and fail-safe upon failure of regenerative braking system.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 2001년도 추계학술대회(한국공작기계학회)
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• pp.363-368
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• 2001

Studies on brake system recently are focused on braking performance, especially the consideration on safety of braking system in an extreme situation and reduction of vibration and noise during braking operation. The thermal crack and Judder from the friction between brake disc and pad can bring the threaten of passengers' safety in the end. Braking force comes from the change of kinetic energy to friction energy. Since heat energy is developed from here, the analysis on thermal stress and thermal strain can be the good data when selecting the material of brake pad and designing heat radiation holes on the disc and it will also be the data when designing the thickness of the disc. This paper is intended to show a creative design method by suggesting the thermal analysis data through FEM study and using shape design parameters.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.370-373
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• 2005

In this research, we presented the regenerative braking algorithms considering fuel economy and charging oftenness, and also analyzed these algorithms. The first algorithm was the regenerative braking algorithm for the ideal recovery of kinetic energy. The HEV using this algorithm had high fuel economy, on the other hand frequent charging was occurred. The second algorithm was the regenerative braking algorithm for reduction of the charging oftenness. Using this algorithm, the HEV had the low charging oftenness and small loss of fuel economy.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

The mechanical parts of small windp ower generator less than 10kW are manufactured in the form of removing most of the accelerators. The braking system to protect blade from damages caused by high wind speed is manufactured in a manner having apparatus system(furling), manual brake or no brake. This study is on braking system in small size wind power generator, and carried out survey as following steps by applying electric braking system which uses armature reaction. We explained the principle of electric braking system and the principle of existing braking system. Also, this paper interpreted short circuit current through open circuit and short circuit, as well as checking brake system's action using armature reaction with real construction of control device.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.582-589
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• 2009

회생에너지는 회생 전동차와 역행 전동차의 순간적인 오버랩 경우를 제외하고, 전동차내 저항기 또는 전차선의 저항에 의해 열로서 사라지게 된다. 에너지자정시스템은 전동차 제동시 발생되어 재활용되지 못하고 사라지는 회생 에너지를 에너지저장시스템에 저장하고 전동차가 역행할 때 에너지저장시스템으로부터 에너지를 공급하여 도시철도시스템에서 회생 에너지를 재할용하는 시스템이다. 동시에 역행과 제동하는 차량이 존재하지 않을 지라도 차량간 에너지의 완전한 교환이 이루어 질 수 있다. 따라서 에너지저장시스템은 에너지를 저장하고 재활용함으로서 에너지를 절감할 수 있는 유용한 장치이다. 에너지저장시스템은 운행시격과 관계가 깊은데, 운행 시격이 짧은 경우보다 큰 경우 전동차 회생시 회생 에너지가 모두 에너지저장시스템으로 저장되므로 저장된 에너지를 활용할 수 있어 도시철도 운영기관의 에너지 절감율이 높아지게 된다. 반대로 운행 시격이 짧을 경우 한 변전소 구간 내에 전동차 여러 편성이있을 수 있다. 이때 하나의 전동차 회생시 이 회생 에너지가 주변의 역행 전동차에 공급되면 에너지저장시스템으로 들어오는 회생 에너지는 적을 것이다. 따라서 본 논문은 에너지저장시스템을 적용하는데 있어서 악조건인 운행 시격이 국내에서 가장 짧은 서울메트로 2호선을 대상으로 에너지저장시스템 적용 효과를 에너지절감 측면에서 현장 실측과 시뮬레이션을 통해 분석하고자 한다.