• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.131-136
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• 2014

Thirteen diary cows were diagnosed as bovine tuberculosis (BTB) based on pathological findings and PCR method from 74 diary cows slaughtered in Incheon city. BTB was outbreaked 9 times in the farm from March 2010 to June 2013. The BTB confirmed cows were all negatives by intradermal test with PPD at 3 times. Recently, disagreement between BTB outbreak and intradermal test has been raised as a big problem. This phenomenon suggest that a new control programs are necessary at farm level as well as diagnostic level.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.1119-1125
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• 1999

Since Robert Koch found tubercle bacilli in 1882, the studies on tubercle bacilli of human and animal had been carried out. Being old tuberculin(OT) introduced in 1890, the specificity of the diagnosis of tuberculosis has been improved by continual uses of heat concentrated synthetic medium(HCSM) and purified protein derivatives(PPD) tuberculin. Now, two types of tuberculin test are used worldwidly ; the single intradermal test(SIT) using bovine tuberculin and the single intradermal comparative tuberculin test(SICTT) using avian and bovine tuberculins. In the SICTT, each countries have used with different combination of both avian and bovine tuberculins' titers. However, this kinds of studies have not reported in Korea. Therefore, the studies on the combination of their tuberculins' titers were performed through intradermal test of guinea pigs sensitized with either Mycobacterium bovis or M avium and were examined in 10 cattles of SIT positive reactors. Also, IFN-${\gamma}$ assay, the latest diagnostic method of bovine tuberculosis, was experimentally applied to SIT positive reactors. For determining the optimal titers, sensitized guinea pigs with M bovis and M avium were intradermally injected avian and bovine tuberculin. In guinea pigs sensitized with M bovis, bovine tuberculin 50 T.U. showed significant difference from all tested concentrations of avian tuberculin(p < 0.05). In guinea pigs sensitized with M avium, there is significantly different between bovine tuberculin and avian tuberculin by 25 T.U.(p < 0.01). Therefore, optimal titers of bovine and avian PPD tuberculins' titers for the SICTT in Korea were 5,000 and 2,500 tuberculin units, respectively, and the swelling diffences between bovine and avian site in SIT positive reactors were above 3mm. Also, in IFN-${\gamma}$ assay, the 9 SIT positive reactors were showed all the positive reactions.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.1847-1850
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• 2009

Bovine tuberculosis is generally detected postmortem because it is a chronic debilitating disease. Since tuberculosis is mainly found in the lungs, clinical signs including coughing, nasal discharge, and difficulty breathing can occur in severe instances. In the present study, specimens were collected from the heart, liver, kidney, lung, pleural cavities, lymph nodes and intestines of carcasses found in an abattoir. According to post-mortem examination and inspection of carcasses, tuberculosis lesions were varied in appearance and size. Tubercles of a white cream color were disseminated throughout the pleural cavity including the lymph nodes, lungs and mesentery containing pus. Gram and Ziehl-Neelsen's acid-fast staining for the lung and lymph nodes revealed a highly positive histochemical reaction. The acid-fast organisms were observed histologically in the lesions under a microscope. This report demonstrated the histopathology of bovine tuberculosis based on the histological findings of Mycobacterium bovis, which is a suspected causative agent.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Pathology Conference
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• 2002.02a
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• pp.22-30
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• 2002

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.133-142
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• 1997

In order to supplement a diagnostic method for detection of infectious cattle to bovine tuberculosis, performed ELISA for detection of antibody to if bovis in serum and milk. The diagnostic efficacy of the established ELISA was compared with test of the tuberculin skin test for bovine tuberculosis. The positive corresponding rate of serum ELISA and tuberculin skin test showed 84.3%, milk ELISA and tuberculin skin test showed 75.0%, milk ELISA and serum ELISA showed 75.0% respectively. Comparison of the serum and milk to tuberculin antibody concentration in tuberculin positive cattle, the milk contained 1/100-1/150 concentration compared serum tuberculin concentration. The established ELISA was considered efficient for detection of antibodies to M bovis in serum and milk.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.49-52
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• 2008

The trend in the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis (BTB) in Korean dairy cattle was investigated in relation to test programs used between 1961 and 2004, during which a total of 8,961,061 dairy cows were tested and 10,248 confirmed to have BTB. The annual prevalence increased in the late 1960s, then decreased during the 1970s and 1980s, and started to increase again from the late 1990s. It seemed that the prevalence varies according to the different test program used. The prevalence of BTB was higher when the tests were performed with heat-concentrated synthetic medium (HCSM) or purified protein derivative (PPD) tuberculin alone compared to that when using combined HCSM and PPD tuberculin testing.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.333-339
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• 2011

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) was developed to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) and non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) genomic DNA in blood samples of Korea native cattle. A set of four primers, two outer and two inner, were designed from M. bovis and M. avium genomic DNA targeting the IS6110 and 16S rRNA gene, respectively. Based on 85 Intradermal Tuberculin Test (ITT) positive blood sample and using conventional PCR and LAMP, the agreement quotient (kappa), which measures agreement beyond chance were 0.93 (conventional PCR) and 0.97 (LAMP), respectively. The detection limit of the LAMP method was $2.0{\times}10^2$ copy/ml M. bovis and M. avium cells, compared to $2.0{\times}10^3$ copy/ml M. bovis and M. avium cells for conventional PCR. These results suggest that the LAMP is a powerful tool for rapid, sensitive, and practical detection of MTC and NTM in blood samples of Korea native cattle.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.249-254
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• 2016

As the meat of black goats has become popular as a healthy food, domestic goat meat-related industries are steadily growing. However, previous studies are scarce of informations about the zoonotic disease originated from the black goat in Korea. In this study, we investigated Korean black goat's infectious diseases representing bovine tuberculosis, brucellosis, and Q fever. One hundred and eighty samples were collected from a local slaughter house located in Jeollanam-do. Three typical zoonotic diseases were separately examined by carrying out enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Histopathological test was additionally performed in tuberculosis. In case of tuberculosis, results of the PCR and histopathological test were negative but the ELISA results were positive in eight samples. In case of brucellosis, one out of the total samples was shown to be positive in the ELISA and none in the PCR. In case of Q fever, there were forty one positive in the ELISA and twenty positive in the real-time PCR. Those results indicate that the Korean black goat could be a natural reservoir in the possible chain-infections among human, cows and goats. Thus, further study needs in order to improve productivity as well as to prevent the zoonosis spreading and circulation of other livestock with the black goat in this country.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.422-426
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• 2011

For a national survey in which wide geographic region or an entire country is targeted, multi-stage sampling approach is widely used to overcome the problem of simple random sampling, to consider both herd- and animallevel factors associated with disease occurrence, and to adjust clustering effect of disease in the population in the calculation of sample size. The aim of this study was to establish sample size for estimating bovine tuberculosis (TB) in Korea using stratified two-stage sampling design. The sample size was determined by taking into account the possible clustering of TB-infected animals on individual herds to increase the reliability of survey results. In this study, the country was stratified into nine provinces (administrative unit) and herd, the primary sampling unit, was considered as a cluster. For all analyses, design effect of 2, between-cluster prevalence of 50% to yield maximum sample size, and mean herd size of 65 were assumed due to lack of information available. Using a two-stage sampling scheme, the number of cattle sampled per herd was 65 cattle, regardless of confidence level, prevalence, and mean herd size examined. Number of clusters to be sampled at a 95% level of confidence was estimated to be 296, 74, 33, 19, 12, and 9 for desired precision of 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, and 0.06, respectively. Therefore, the total sample size with a 95% confidence level was 172,872, 43,218, 19,224, 10,818, 6,930, and 4,806 for desired precision ranging from 0.01 to 0.06. The sample size was increased with desired precision and design effect. In a situation where the number of cattle sampled per herd is fixed ranging from 5 to 40 with a 5-head interval, total sample size with a 95% confidence level was estimated to be 6,480, 10,080, 13,770, 17,280, 20.925, 24,570, 28,350, and 31,680, respectively. The percent increase in total sample size resulting from the use of intra-cluster correlation coefficient of 0.3 was 22.2, 32.1, 36.3, 39.6, 41.9, 42.9, 42,2, and 44.3%, respectively in comparison to the use of coefficient of 0.2.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 1981

A direct complement fixation test supplemented with procomplementary porcine serum was studied using anticomplementary human, rabbit and bovine serum against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Procomplementary activity of porcine serum varied with porcine individual and affected by anticomplementary antiserum. The procomplementary titre of porcine serum against rabbit, human and bovine serum ranged from 1:5 to 1:40. By means of complement fixation test supplemented by porcine serum, the specific complement-fixing antibody to both tuberculopolysaccharide and/or tuberculoprotein antigen was readily differentiated from the anticomplementary antibody titre.