• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.227-234
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• 2017

Reference electrodes are generally implemented for the purpose of monitoring the cathodic protection potentials of buried or immersed metallic structures. In the market, many types of reference electrodes are available for this purpose, such as saturated calomel, silver/silver chloride and copper/copper sulfate. These electrodes contain a porous ceramic junction plate situated in the cylindrical body bottom to permit ionic flux between the internal electrolyte (of the reference electrode) and the external electrolyte. In this work, the copper/copper sulfate reference electrode was modified by replacing the porous ceramic junction plate for a metallic platinum wire. The main purpose of this modification was to avoid the ion copper transport from coming from the inner reference electrode solution into the surrounding electrolyte, and to mitigate the copper plating on the coupon surfaces. Lab tests were performed in order to compare the performance of the two mentioned reference electrodes. We verified that the experimental errors associated with the measurements conducted with developed reference electrode would be negligible, as the platinum surface area exposed to the surrounding electrolyte and/or to the reference electrolyte are maintained as small as possible.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.36-45
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• 2014

Pedestrian to vehicle traffic accidents show a very high mortality rate compared to the frequency of occurrence. In order to improve the pedestrian protection performance of the vehicle, the korean government added a "pedestrian safety" entry from the year 2007. The performance for pedestrian protection of current vehicles gradually improved compared to the past, but it is still insufficient. It was found that the pedestrian protection performance was very weak, such as the top of the bonnet, the A-pillar and under the front windshield. A application of an active hood and pedestrian protection airbags can be countermeasures for these weak points of pedestrian safety. The active hood and pedestrian protection airbags are designed and manufactured to apply to the top of the hood and to the bottom of the windshield. The manufactured system is equipped in a test vehicle and evaluated based on the Korea New Car Assessment Program(KNCAP) test procedures for the performance of pedestrian safety. As a result, the outstanding effect of pedestrian protection has been achieved by the active hood and the pedestrian protection airbag. The rates of pedestrian injury are reduced by 82.2% and 95.4%, respectively.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.49-61
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• 2015

본 연구는 낙석방지울타리의 성능평가에 관한 두 개의 동반논문 중에서 두 번째 논문이다. 동반논문에서는 낙석방지울타리의 성능평가에 필요한 성능평가기준을 제시하였고 본 논문에서는 동반논문에 제시된 성능평가기준을 이용하여 국내 낙석방지울타리의 성능평가를 수행하였다. 고속도로용 낙석방지울타리는 50kJ의 낙석이 발생하는 장소에서 적절하게 낙석을 방어하고 50kJ 정도의 낙석이 충돌한 직후에도 차량 통행을 방해하지 않을 것으로 평가되었다. 그러나 유럽지침의 수준으로 50kJ의 낙석에너지를 항상 소산시키기 위해서는 아래에서 8번째 와이어로프까지 와이어로프의 간격을 200mm로 조정하고 간격유지대를 연결하여야 한다고 판단되었다. 그리고 간격유지대가 없는 국도용 낙석방지울타리는 상당히 작은 낙석충돌에너지에 대해서도 낙석의 관통가능성이 높기 때문에 고속도로용과 같이 간격유지대를 설치할 필요가 있다고 파악되었다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전력기술부문
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• pp.241-243
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• 2002

Recently, great efforts are concentrated on the autonomous, adaptive protection schemes with advanced artificial intelligence and digital technology. It is highly required for a next generation protective system not only to detect and to clear a fault, but also to fit itself to the changing environment. In this paper it is suggested an evaluation method for the protection ability of a protective system in a distributed system. The suggested method is of bottom-up scheme, in other words, protection ability is estimated from the lowest level of parameters in each protective devices to the highest level of the whole protective system. This feature makes it possible to evaluate the protection ability either for the protective device(or a system), or for a protected system. And, in addition, it is enabled that the protectability concept can be applied in the design stage of a protective system for a distribution network. The proposed method is applied to a simple distributed network to show its effectiveness.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.910-920
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• 2008

In Korea, more than 70% of the territory consists of mountains. Therefore, the construction of roads and railways has generally involved with a steep rock slope in which the event of rockfalls are often occurred due to the weathered rock conditions and rainfalls etc. This is dangerous when the rock falls into the road and railway on which vehicles and trains are running. In order to prevent such rockfalls, the rockfall protection fence consisting of post, wire rope, and PVC coating steel net has most used at the bottom of rock slopes. In a general practice, an absorbing rockfall energy, 50kJ is specified by the Ministry of Construction and Transportation. However, questions still remain about whether the rockfall protection fence works effectively or not. In this study, a typical wire rope used in the standard rockfall protection fence was replaced by the high carbon steel wire rod and to validate its capacity of rockfall energy absorbing the field rockfall tests were conducted. The testing results show that a new rockfall protection fence using the high carbon steel wire rods can absorb the rockfall energy more than 50kJ and 20% of construction cost was saved in comparison with the previous rockfall protection fence.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.292-296
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• 1994

Main tobacco diseases were surveyed on tobacco plants in the northern Kyeongbuk area to evaluate the effectiveness of current disease control techniques from 1993 to 1994. The major disease in seedlings was the anthracnose (Colletotrichum tabacum) but the mosaic (TMV) in adult plants. Wild fire (Psedomonas syringae pv. tabaci) and hollow stalk (Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora) were more severe in 1993 than those in 1994 because of more rain. Establishment of drain-outlet at the bottom of the temporary transplanting pot gave a significant reduction in anthracnose severity. Most farmers have ignored the protection effect of using milk during transplanting and the removal of diseased roots from the fields on mosaic (TMV). It was considered that the educating program on disease diagnosis and fungicide application might help farmers for the proper use of chemicals.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.71-78
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• 1985

This research is designed to systemize the protection theory as well as to supplement the missing theory by organizing various studies on the protective functions of celothes by domestic and foreign scholers of clothing. Human environments is classified two standpoints : (1) Physical environments, and (2) man built psychological environments including socio-physical environments, socio-biological environments, behavioral environments, socio-psychological environments and institution environments. Clothes acting as a physical protection might be of (1) extreme air temperature: Parka; (2) high relative humidity: raincoat; (3) air movement: windbreaker; (4) radiation: space suit; (5) atmospheric pressure: deep sea diver suit; (6) mechanical agent: bullet proof vest; (7) physical agent: (8) chemical agent: (9) biological agent: surgeon's gown, cap, and mask. Also dresses act to support the body comfort, health and the well-being; corset for bad back patient, wrist band for people with weak wrist, bottom half of pressure suit for people with low blood pressure. Clothes acting as a psychological protection might be of (1) influence of magic and of spirits: (2) moral danger; (3) the general unfriendliness of the world as a whole; a reassurance against the lack of love. Clothes should provide the maximum of satisfaction in accordance with the full recognition of reality. The reality should aim at the formulation of general laws concerning the most pleasing forms, colors, and styles to suit. The complex physiological anatomical and psychological aspects of individual personalities.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.269-277
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 수리실험을 실시하여 만곡부의 흐름특성과 만곡부에서의 교각 주위 국부세굴형상, 최대 국부세굴심 등을 분석하였다. 또한, 기존의 세굴보호공법 중 원환에 의한 보호공법을 만곡부에 적용하여 세굴감소효과를 분석하였다. 180' 만곡수로에 대해 이동상 실험결과 본 실험조건에서는 최대 횡방향 하상경사가 150' 단면에서 발생하였으며, 원환에 의한 세굴감소효과는 유로 직선부에서 최대 40%, 만곡부에서는 150' 단면 외측의 경우 최대 44%의 감소효과를 보였다. 폭이 교각폭에 2배인 원환에 대하여 실험한 결과, 유로 직선부에서는 원환을 .02h(여기서 h는 수심)만큼 하상저면에 설치하였을 때 가장 효과적이었으며, 유로 만곡부에서는 0.1h 만큼 하상저면에 설치하였을 때 가장 효과적이었다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2004

4-panel of 1m height and 45cm width were fixed on the $40cm{\times}40cm$ bottom plate and the opening of the panel comer was 5cm. Diameter of stainless vessel is loom and its height is 2cm and it located at the center of the bottom plate. 78mL liquid fuel was filled in the vessel and its depth was 1cm. Flame temperature was measured with K type thermocouple, and radiation heat of flame was measured with heat flux meter. Flame height and its behavior was visualized with video camera. and mass burning rate was measured by fuel combustion time. According to the development of fire, flame swirling was begin. From the experiment the mass burning rate was larger and the height of flame was higher than the usual pool fire flame. Flame temperature and heat flux also increased far more than the pool fire. Consequently the swirling air flow through the openings between the panel and thermal buoyance contribute to increase of heat release rate, flame length and mass burning rate.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2013

This study researches functional arrangements for colors of work clothes - concentrating on the arrangements of lightness - for safety protection of workers at the job sites in the mechanical industry. To conduct such study, blue color (5PB) is selected for the CAD simulations on six arrangements of brightness based on two colors. The brightness ranges are of 5PB color (between 3~7.5) which are measurable by Munsell Conversion, and arrangements on lightness consisting of one arrangement of high lightness-gap, two of medium lightness-gap, and three of low lightness-gap. To analyze the data of color values after applying arrangements of lightness and to evaluate the levels of awareness regarding arrangements, the NCS colorimetric is being applied. Color palettes are based on the NCS notations, and then marked with color triangles. After evaluation, the visibility proves to be high when the arrangements contain high lightness at the top and bottom, and the arrangements with higher lightness-gap show higher effects in safety. Since this study tends to check factors of lightness, the other color factors were limited. Therefore, in order to apply these results at the job sites, integrated applications of such results will be very useful for developing safe working clothes in the future.