• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.255-260
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• 1989

Unfavorable healing of maxillary fractures may impose functional and esthetic burdens upon the trauma victim. Malunited maxillary fractures are generally a result of treatment delay, incomplete or inaccurate immobilization of the fracture fragments, or infection. Dysfunctions of mastication, distortions in speech, gross defects in facial contour, and related psychic changes are problems which may require secondary correction. When it is necessary to delay definitive treatment or when inadequate maxillary fracture reduction is recognized within the first week following injury, the maxilla can be mobilized by heavy handed dental manipulation under anesthesia or by elastic traction to an external fixation appliance attached to the maxilla by arch bars or an acrylic splint. But malunited maxillary fracture that have progressed to bony malunion require osteotomy procedure in order to establish normal anatomic relationships. This report parents two cases of malunited unilateral maxillary fracture surgically corrected by unilateral Le Fort I osteotomy.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.257-267
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• 1995

An Epidemiologic study was carried out on 77 TMD patients with degenerative joint disease who had visited the Orofacial Pain Clinic in Pusan National University Hospital. Al subjects were interviewed and examined clinically and radiologically using a standardized examination form. As related to gender and duration, subjective and objective sysmptoms in DJD patients were studied. The obtained results were as follows : 1. There were much more patients in the twenties or thirties, women and histories such as chronic duration and microtrauma. 2. Most patients responded positively more often to the questions of jaw function, unilateral chewing in habits, poot appetite and depression in behavioral response and shoulder pain in worsening prognosis 3. While the most common reasons for treatment were pain, noise, and limitation of opening, the associated symptoms such as headache, neckache, earache, jaw dysfunction, neck dysfunction, acute bite change and dizziness, ringing or fullness in the ears as secondary CNS excitatory effects were complained. 4. Opening the mouth in 25 to 40mm, soft end feel and deflective incisal pathway were seen and more tenderness to lateral or dorsal capsule of joint than intra or extra oral muscles were complained. 5. While there appeared no click, crepitus and single click in acute group, in chronic group, crepitus, single click and no click appeared in order of sequence. 6. Tomogram or bone scan revealed more bony changes than panorama and transcranial view.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.195-203
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• 2012

Dental implants using titanium have greatly advanced through the improvement of designs and surface treatments. Nonetheless, the anatomical limits and physiological changes of the patient are still regarded as obstacles in increasing the success rate of implants further, even with the enhancement of implant products. So there have been many efforts to overcome these limits. The intrinsic potential for bone regeneration can be stimulated through adjuvant treatments with the continuous improvement of implant properties, and this can play an important role in achieving optimum osseointegration toward peripheral bone tissue and securing ultimate long-term implant stability in standard surgical procedures. For this purpose, various chemical, biological, or biophysical measures were developed such as bone grafts, materials, pharmacological agents, growth factors, and bone formation proteins. The biophysical stimulation of bone union includes non-invasive and safe methods. In the beginning, it was developed as a method to enhance the healing of fractures, but later evolved into Pulsed Electromagnetic Field, Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound, and Low-Level Laser Therapy. Their beneficial effects were confirmed in many studies. This study sought to examine bone-implant union and its latest trend as well as the biophysical stimulation method to enhance the union. In particular, this study suggested the enhancement of the function of cells and tissues under a disadvantageous bone metabolism environment through such adjunctive stimulation. This study is expected to serve as a treatment guideline for implant-bone union under unfavorable circumstances caused by systemic diseases hampering bone metabolism or the host environment.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.68-79
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• 1996

To investigate the efficiency of a fibrous collagen membrane(FCM) composed of bovine skin type I atelocollagen as a carrier for BMP, partially purified bovine BMP/FCM($0.3mg/10{\times}5{\times}1mm$) composites were implanted into the dorsal subcutaneous tissue of rats. FCM alone was also implanted as a control. The implants were harvested at 1, 2, 3, and 10 weeks after implantation, then prepared for routine light microscopic observation. The FCM alone did not induce osteogenesis and revealed no specific foreign body reaction nor was there any definite resorptive evidence for 10 weeks after implantation, while the BMP/FCM composites induced favorable bone formation in a process that resembled an endochondral and direct ossification mode. At 10 weeks, the well formed bone confined to embedded collagen fibers revealed hematopoietic marrow between bony trabeculae without evidence of resorptive or degenerative changes . These findings support the suggestion that BMP may induce undifferentiated mesenchymal cells into either chondroblasts or osteoblasts or both independantly according to the chemico- physical characteristics of the carrier, which develops the endochondral and/or direct bone formation process, and suggest that the FCM may be a favorable carrier for BMP.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.124-126
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• 2006

Pachydermodactyly is a rare distinct form of fibromatosis characterized by acquired, asymptomatic dense fibrosis and fibroblastic proliferation around one or more proximal interphalangeal joints. Intralesional triamcinolone injection may be helpful in improving the clinical appearance. A 20-year-old unemployed female patient gave a four years history of progressive swelling of the fingers affecting predominantly the proximal interphalangeal joints of index fingers of left hand and index, middle fingers of right hand. There was no pain and tenderness. Physical examination, complete blood count, antinuclear antibody, rheumatoid factor were unremarkable and radiograph of both hands showed soft tissue swelling only without bony abnormality. We excised the redundant soft tissue from the both sides of proximal interphalangeal joint with longitudinal elliptical fashion. After operation, the fingers of the patient showed marked improvement cosmetically. There were no motor or sensory changes. Pachydermodactyly was first reported in 1996 in Korea. Histologic features include an increased dermal accumulation of collagen and occasionally an increased number of fibroblast. We report for one patient with pachydermodactyly treated with longitudinal elliptical excision and obtained an improvement of clinical appearance.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 2003

Purpose : To determine the relationship between clinical symptoms and magnetic resoncance (MR) images in patients presenting with temoporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. Materials and Methods: This study was based on 172 joints in 86 patients presenting with TMJ disorders. Joint pain and sound during jaw opening and closing movements were recorded, and the possible relationship between disc positions and bony changes of the condylar head and the articular fossa in MR images in the oblique sagittal planes were examined. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test. Results : There was no statistically significant relationship between clinical symptoms and MR images in the patients with TMJ disorders. Conclusion: In the patient with TMJ disorders, joint pain and sound could not be specific clinical symptoms that are related with MR image findings, and asymptomatic joints did not necessarily imply that the joints are normal according to MR image findings.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1999

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was originally isolated as a hypothalamic peptide that regulates reproduction by stimulating the release of gonadotropins. Using comparative animal models has led to the discovery that GnRH has a more ancient evolutionary origin. Durinq evolution GnRH peptide underwent gene duplication and structural changes to give rise to multiple molecular forms of GnRHs. Mammalian GnRH initially considered to be the sole molecular form, is now grouped as a family of peptides along with GnRH variants determined from representatives in all classes of vertebrates. Vertebrate species including primates and humanshave more than one GnRH variant in individual brains; a unique GnRH form in the forebrain and chicken IIGnRH in the midbrain. Furthermore, several species of bony fish have three molecular variants of GnRH: salmon GnRH sea-bream GnRH and chicken II GnRH. Also, it has been shown that in addition to the olfactory placodes and the midbrain, there is a third embryonic source of GnRH neurons from the basal diencephalon in birds and fish, which might be true for other vertebrates. Therefore, comparative animal models like fish with discrete sites of expression of three molecular variants of GnRH in individual brains, could provide insight into novel functions of GnRH variants, conservation of gene regulation, and mechanisms governing reproduction in vertebrates.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a radiographic estimate of osseous fractal dimension is useful in the characterization of structural changes in bone. Ten specimens of bone were progressively decalcified in fresh 50 ml solutions of 0.1 N hydrochloric acid solution at cummulative timed periods of 5, 10, 20, 30, 60 and 90 minutes, and radiographed from 0 degree projection angle controlled by intraoral parelleling device. The test set of 70 radiographs was digitized and digitally filtered to reduce film -grain noise. I performed one-dimensional variance and fractal analysis of bony profiles or scan lines. Correlation analysis quantified the relationship between variance and fractal dimension. The obtained results were as follow. 1. After the first stage of decalcification variance and fractal dimension of scan line pixel intensities generally decreased with a range of 57.94 to 12.64 and 1.59 to 1.36. 2. Correlation coefficient(r) relating variances to fractal dimensions was consistantly excellent(range r=0.90 to 0.98). 3. Variance and fractal dimension were much alike in ability to discriminate, at leat on a group basis, between control and decalcified specimens.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.249-253
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the improvement of periodontal health of generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) diagnosed patients treated with non-surgical periodontal therapy accompanying systemic antibiotics administration. Methods: Two patients with GAgP were chosen for this study. Clinical indices were taken and a radiographic examination was performed at the baseline of the study and they were treated by periodontal therapy accompanying systemic antibiotics administration. Post-surgical visits were scheduled at regular intervals to check clinical and radiographic changes. Results: Through non-surgical periodontal therapy accompanying systemic antibiotics administration, GAgP patients showed decreased probing pocket depth, sulcus bleeding index, and increased attachment level and clinical index when comparing the initial and six month follow up data. In the six month follow-up radiographic examination after non-surgical periodontal therapy, resolution of the bony defect was observed. Conclusions: Non-surgical therapy combined with systemic antibiotics administration in GAgP patients is suggested to be an effective approach to enhance the periodontal health.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.93-96
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• 2005

Neurofibromatosis type I is an autosomal dominant disorder with varied manifestations in bone, soft tissue, the nervous system and skin. This is characterized by cafe-au-lait spots, neurofibromas, Lisch nodules, optic glioma, bony displasia, and intertriginous freckling. One of the more serious aspect of the disease relates to the arterial involvement. Vascular changes in neurofibromatosis may occur in any arterial tree from the proximal aorta to the small arteries but these changes are most common in the renal arteries, aorta, celiac arteries and mesenteric arteries. Of the many complications observed in neurofibromatosis type I, cerebrovascular lesions may be the least appreciated. About 40 cases of neurofibromatosis type I associated with occlusive cerebrovascular disorders have been reported in the literature, but MRI and angiographic findings typical of moyamoya disease are rarely described. We experienced a case of moyamoya disease associated with neurofibromatosis type I in a 3-year-old girl who of complained gait disturbance and paraparesis and showed findings typical of moyamoya disease on MRI and carotid angiogram.