• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2008

Soft tissue tumor classifications should be an important part of radiology, oncology and, for orthopedic clinicians and pathologists, they provide diagnostic instruction and prognostic guidelines. In soft tissue tumor classification systems, the World Health Organization (WHO) classifications have become dominant, enabled by the timely publication of new blue books which included detailed text and numerous good illustrations. The new WHO classification of soft tissue tumors was introduced in 2002. Because the classification represents a broad consensus concept, it has gained widespread acceptance around the globe. This article reviews the changes which were introduced the vascular tumors, chondroid-osseous tumors and tumors of uncertain differentiation which have been first recognized or properly classified during the past decade.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.658-665
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• 2000

Purpose : The present study was carried out to determine the diagnostic usefulness of bone scan for evaluating jaw bone extension of oral cancer. Materials and Methods : Medical records, preoperative bone scans, computerized tomographic (CT) scans, conventional radiographs, and findings of histopathologic sections of twenty patients who had been treated for oral malignant tumors by a resection of mandible and soft tissue at Chonnam University Hospital from January, 1994 to September, 1999 were analyzed. Results : In 13 cases which showed histopathologically positive, preoperative bone scans were positive in 12 (92.3%) and false negative in 1 (7.7%). Preoperative CT scans were positive in 9 (69.2%) and false negative in 4 (30.8%) of the 13 cases. Preoperative conventional radiographs were positive in 8 (61.5%) and false negative in 5 (38.5%) of the 13 cases. In 7 cases showing negative histopathologic findings, 1 (14.3%) was in CT scans and 2 (28.6%) were false positive in preoperative conventional radiographs. Conclusion : These results suggest that bone scan is more sensitive and reliable method for evaluating jaw bone extension of oral cancer than conventional radiographs or CT scans.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.52 no.10
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• pp.2410-2414
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• 2020

Heavy ions have a high potential for destroying deep tumors that carry the highest dose at the peak of Bragg. The peak caused by a single-energy carbon beam is too narrow, which requires special measures for improvement. Here, carbon-12 (¹²C) ion with different energies has been used as a source for calculating the dose distribution in the water phantom, soft tissue and bone by the code of Monte Carlobased FLUKA code. By increasing the energy of the initial beam, the amount of absorbed dose at Bragg peak in all three targets decreased, but the trend for this reduction was less severe in bone. While the maximum absorbed dose per bone-mass unit in energy of 200 MeV/u was about 30% less than the maximum absorbed dose per unit mass of water or soft tissue, it was merely 2.4% less than soft tissue in 400 MeV/u. The simulation result showed a good agreement with experimental data at GSI Darmstadt facility of biophysics group by 0.15 cm average accuracy in Bragg peak positioning. From 200 to 400 MeV/u incident energy, the Bragg peak location increased about 18 cm in soft tissue. Correspondingly, the bone and soft tissue revealed a reduction dose ratio by 2.9 and 1.9. Induced neutrons did not contribute more than 1.8% to the total energy deposited in the water phantom. Also during ¹²C ion bombardment, secondary fragments showed 76% and 24% of primary 200 and 400 MeV/u, respectively, were present at the Bragg-peak position. The combined treatment of carbon ions with neutron or electron beams may be more effective in local dose delivery and also treating malignant tumors.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.69-76
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• 2000

Purpose : Tumors of the foot and ankle are uncommon compared with those arising in the other sites, and the malignant tumors are rare. We analyzed the data of patients who have been diagnosed as having a tumor of the foot and ankle. Materials and Methods : Between 1989 and 1998, we treated 72 patients and analyzed on their clinical characteristics retrospectively. Results : Fifty-three cases were benign. Included are 30 cases of soft tissue tumor and 23 cases of bone tumor. Malignant tumor was in 19 cases (26%), including 17 cases of soft tissue tumor, one cases of metastatic tumor. The most common benign tumor was fibroma in soft tissue and osteochondroma in bone. Malignant melanoma was the most common malignant tumor of the foot (7 cases). The predilection site for benign tumors was around toes while for the malignant tumor mostly arises in the heel. Among 19 malignant tumors, local recurrence developed in 3 cases and the distant metastasis occurred in 8 cases. Conclusion : The ratio of malignant tumor and metastasis was high. Therefore, when we faced with a tumor of the foot and ankle, the histopathologic confirmation is essential through biopsy before the definite initial treatment.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.77-83
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• 1995

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma was classified as fibrosarcoma, liposarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma in times past and it was first introduced in 1963 to refer to a group of soft tissue tumors and reported in bone in 1972. It was postulated that the origin of tumor cell was derived from histiocytes that could assume the appearance and function of fibroblasts("facultative fibroblasts") at first. But, recently the immunohistochemical studies suggested origin from a primitive mesenchymal cell. The malignant fibrous histiocytoma were commonly misdiagnosed as other tumors such as myxoid liposarcoma, pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, malignant schwannoma, giant cell tumor, hemangiopericytoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans due to the broad morphologic spectrum. The seventeen cases of the malignant fibrous histiocytomas diagnosed at Hanyang University Hospital since 1979 were reviwed, and the suggestions are as follows : 1. No fundamental histologic differences between the MFHs of soft tissues and bones. 2. The other tumors must be excluded in order to diagnose MFH due to wide histologic variety of MFH. 3. The review of the initial tissue slide was necessary for adequate diagnosis because the recurrent MFHs showed different histologic findings from original tumors.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.126-132
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• 2012

Objective : The purpose of this study was to present the MRI and CT findings of solitary spinal bone lesions (SSBLs) with the aims of aiding the differential diagnoses of malignant tumors and benign lesions, and proposing a diagnostic strategy for obscure SSBLs. Methods : The authors retrospectively reviewed the imaging findings of 19 patients with an obscure SSBL on MRI at our hospital from January 1994 to April 2011. The 19 patients were divided to benign groups and malignant groups according to final diagnosis. MRI and CT findings were evaluated and the results of additional work-up studies were conducted to achieve a differential diagnosis. Results : At final diagnoses, 10 (52.6%) of the 19 SSBLs were malignant tumors and 9 (47.4%) were benign lesions. The malignant tumors included 6 metastatic cancers, 3 multiple myelomas, and 1 chordoma, and the benign lesions included 4 osteomyelitis, 2 hemangiomas, 2 nonspecific chronic inflammations, and 1 giant cell tumor. No MRI characteristics examined was found to be significantly different in the benign and malignant groups. Reactive sclerotic change was observed by CT in 1 (10.0%) of the 10 malignant lesions and in 7 (77.8%) of the 9 benign lesions (p=0.005). Conclusion : Approximately half of the obscure SSBLs were malignant tumors. CT and MRI findings in combination may aid the differential diagnosis of obscure SSBLs. In particular, sclerotic change on CT images was an important finding implying benign lesion. Finally, we suggest a possible diagnostic strategy for obscure SSBLs on MRI.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.69-74
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• 1985

Most clinicians have taken a lot of interest in tumors arising from the bony thorax because not only of their rarity and predictable diagnosis which could be reflected as a unique radiologic shadow but also variable surgical modes for maintenance of chest wall stability encountered after en-bloc resection. By the retrospective review, we have analyzed 24 cases of primary bony thorax tumors which were experienced and surgically treated at the St. Mary`s hospital of Catholic Medical College from Jan. 1969 to Sept. 1984. The results are as follows: 1. Age incidence was evenly distributed through all decades and the male-female ratio is 15:9. 2. 16 cases out of 24 were benign tumors and the commonest one of which was fibrous dysplasia. 3. Remaining 8 cases were malignant tumors and among which osteogenic sarcoma was the commonest one. 4. The majority of tumors [22/24] were developed from the rib and the remains were from the sternum. 5. Common manifestation were palpable mass or swelling and localized tenderness. 6. Various kinds of operative procedure were underwent: single resection of rib including tumor,14 cases; multiple resection of ribs with chemotherapy or myoplasty, 2 cases; en-bloc resection of the chest wall and reconstructive procedure, 5 cases; partial resection of sternum, 1 case; bone biopsy and chemotherapy, 2 cases.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.53-60
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• 2000

Purpose : The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the functional and oncologic results of the limb salvage surgery with intramedullary nailing and cementization in malignant bone tumors of the proximal humerus. Materials and Methods : We reviewed 18 cases of limb salvage surgery of resection and reconstruction with an intramedullary nail and cement-molded humeral head for the malignant bone tumors of the proximal humerus, which performed between August, 1992 through the April, 1998. The diagnoses included the osteosarcoma in 7 patients, chondrosarcoma in 3, the recurrent giant cell tumor in 3, metastatic tumor in 3, multiple myeloma in one patient and the one patient with malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The mean age at the time of surgery was 38 years(range, 15-73 years). The mean follow-up period was 26 months(range, 6-67 months). Results : Average functional score by ISOLS evaluation system was 21.1(70.3%). There were 3 local recurrences and 5 distant metastases. There were one case of shoulder instability and one case of deep infection. The seven patients are continuously disease free state and seven patients are alive with disease. Four patients died from the disease. Conclusion : The limb salvage surgery with intramedullary nailing and cementization in the bone tumors of the proximal humerus may be considered an option for the malignant bone tumors of the proximal humerus in selected patients.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.48-54
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• 2007

Purpose: To evaluate clinical results of the tumor prosthetic replacement for pathologic fracture of the proximal femur with extensive bony destruction due to metastatic bone tumors. Materials and Methods: From 2005 October to 2006 October, resection of proximal femur and tumor prosthesis replacement was performed for metastatic bone tumors extensively involving trochanteric area in 6 patients. The mean age of overall patients was 61(range, 48~77). Mean clinical follow up was 10.5 months (range, 6~16). Primary tumor consisted with multiple myeloma in 2 patients, lung cancer in 1, breast cancer in 1, transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis in 1, unknown origin in 1 patient. $MUTARS^{(R)}$ proximal femur (Implantcast, Munster, Germany) were used in all cases. The functional evaluation in the lower extremities was performed with Musculoskeletal Tumor Society 1993 scores. The degree of pain relief after surgical treatment was assessed with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results: At the final follow up, all of the patients survived. The mean lower extremities functional score of Musculoskeletal Tumor Society 1993 was 17.8(59.3%)(range, 12~25). VAS was improved to 2.5 from 8.5 after the surgical treatment. Ambulation was encouraged as soon as possible and mean duration after surgery for ambulation was 7.3(range, 3~16) days. Post-operatively, there was no surgical infection, periprosthetic fracture or loosening. Dislocation occurred in one out of six cases. Conclusion: Resection of proximal femur and tumor prosthesis replacement for metastatic bone tumors around proximal femur extensively involving trochanteric area seems to be safe procedure in view of post-operative complication, and effective for functional restoration as well as pain relief. Thus, it is accordant to the treatment principle of the metastatic bone tumors.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.988-994
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• 1998

Background: Chest wall tumors can classified into soft tissue tumors and bone tissue tumors and can be subclassified into benign and malignant tumors. Materials and methods: We report an analysis of 68 patients with primary chest wall tumors treated at the department of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery at Hanyang University Hospital from January, 1973 to September 1997. Results: Among a total of 68 patients 33(48.5%) were males and 35(51.5%) were females. The ages of the patients ranged from 10 to 79 years with a mean age of 39.3 years. According to the age distribution, 23 patients (33.8%) were from the 4th decade, 12 patients(17.6%) were from the 6th decade, and 10 patients(14.7%) were from the 5th decade. Among the primary chest wall tumors, 53 cases were benign and 15 cases were malignant. Among the benign tumors, 17 cases(32.1%) were in the 4th decade and among the malignant tumors, 6 cases(40%) were in the 4th decade. In both malignant and benign tumors the most common ages were in the 4th decade. The most common tumors were fibrous dysplasia and chondroma, each with a total of 14 cases(26.4%). Osteochondroma and lipoma each had 8 cases(15.1%). Among malignant tumors, osteosarcoma was most common with 8 cases (53.3%). According to location, 49 cases occured in both bone and cartilage tissue, 19 cases occurred in cartilage. Among the presenting symptoms, palpable mass was present in all cases. Fifty-one patients complained of tenderness and among cases with involvement of the lung, 3 patients had complained of respiratory distress. Among the malignant tumors 6 cases underwent a radical operation and 4 cases of benign tumors underwent a radical operation. Postoperativly, there was one case with recurrence from a desmoid tumor. There were no deaths postoperativly and no deaths due to complications(and their postoperative courses were uneventful). Conclusions: Most patients with primary chest wall tumors initially present with mass at admission. Resection is sufficient treatment for benign tumors but in malignant tumors wide resection of the chest wall is needed and mchest wall reconstruction.