• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2024

Bone Mineral Densitometry (BMD) values is determined numerically with T or Z-score while the image is not considered in the interpretation. Abnormal finding was observed in the left femoral bone density image of a 64-year-old female patient who underwent a left kidney transplantation. This was due to the ethiodized oil used for embolization in the treatment of lymphatic leakage. Radiologic technologists should not only monitor changes of BMD values, but keep in mind to assess the changes in the image to provide accurate information to the patient.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.307-316
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• 1990

Irradiation is widely used for the treatment of malignant diseases, and possibly cause the osteoporosis. The densitometry and bone scintigraphy are valuable when used to monitor the patients longitudinally to access the progression of osteoporosis and risk of osteoradionecrosis. To evaluate the osteoporosis after irradiation of Cobalt-60 gamma ray on the lumbar spines of New Zealand white rabbits, bone densitometry by dual photon absorptiometry and bone scintigraphy were performed weekly. The decrease of bone density began at the first week after irradiation, and were in the nadir at 4-6th week. The osteoblastic activity measured by bone scintigraphy decreased in the first week, and was in the nadir at 4-6th week. The severity of these changes were related to the radiation dose. In conclusion, the osteoporosis before the presentation of the osteoradionecrosis can be diagnosed early with the dual photon absorptionmetry and bone scintigraphy.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.389-400
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• 2007

Purposes: This study was designed to explore the stage distribution of subjects according to stage of change for calcium intake and for exercise, and to identify factors that could discriminate among subjects in various stages. Methods: The sample consisted of 142 subjects who had taken bone mineral densitometry tests. The instruments used in this study were the Stage Placement Instrument for Calcium Intake and Exercise, the Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale and the Osteoporosis Knowledge Test, and the Osteoporosis Self Efficacy Scale. Data were analyzed using chi square, ANOVA, and discriminant analysis by using the SPSS 12.0 program. Results: For calcium stages, economic level, calcium knowledge, positive social norms for calcium intake, & educational level showed high standardized canonical discriminant function coefficients. For exercise stages, exercise efficacy, susceptibility, exercise benefit, educational level, positive social norm to exercise, educational level, and exercise barrier showed high standardized canonical discriminant function coefficients. Conclusion: This study implies that bone mass promoting program incorporating a stages of change model can be applied as useful nursing intervention.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2023

Bone densitometry is a disease in which bones are easily broken due to metabolic bone disease, and DXA is used as a clinical standard test. Although DXA is a good method with good accuracy and reproducibility, it is frequently subject to test errors in testing and result analysis and analysis. Therefore, it is important to recognize the error issues that radiologists should basically be aware of when performing bone density tests, prevent erroneous diagnoses and treatments resulting from the results, and reduce the unnecessary costs associated with them. aim. The inspection must be carried out if the quality control of the equipment is basically continuously performed well before the inspection. Before starting the examination, the patient's age, sex, race, weight, pregnancy status, and any foreign objects that can be removed should be checked, and the examination should be performed in the correct posture. In addition, it is important to analyze results consistently. Radiologists, who play the most important role in ensuring accurate examinations, need to be aware of the potential for errors in advance and develop the ability to deal with the potential for errors in each examination. For that reason, regular education is considered essential.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.95-98
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• 2023

Purpose: The precision error of a bone density meter reflects the equipment and reproducibility of results by an examiner. Precision error values can be expressed as coefficient of variation (CV), CV%, and root mean square-SD (RMS-SD). The International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) currently recommends using RMS-SD as the precision error value. When a 95% confidence interval is applied, the least significant change (LSC) value is calculated by multiplying the precision error value by 2.77. Exceeding the LSC value reflects a significant difference in measured bone density. Therefore, the LSC value of a bone density equipment is an essential factor for accurately determining a patient's bone density. Accordingly, we aimed to calculate the LSC value of a bone density meter (Lunar iDXA, GE) and compare it with the value recommended by the ISCD. We also assessed whether the value measured by the iDXA equipment was below the LSC value recommended by ISCD. Material and Methods: The bone densities of the lumbar spine and thighs of 30 participants were measured twice, and the LSC values were calculated using the precision calculation tool provided by the ISCD (http://www.iscd.org). To check the reproducibility of the measurement, patients were asked to completely dismount from the equipment after the first measurement; the patient was then repositioned before proceeding with the second measurement. Results: The LSC values derived using the CV% values recommended by the ISCD were 5.3% for the lumbar spine and 5.0% for the thigh. The LSC values measured using our bone density equipment were 2.47% for the lumbar spine and 1.61% for the thigh. The LSC value using RMS-SD was 0.031 g/cm² for the lumbar spine and 0.017 g/cm² for the thigh. Conclusion: that the findings confirm that the CV% value measured using our bone density meter and the LSC value using RMS-SD were maintained very stably. This can be helpful for obtaining accurate measurements during bone density follow-up examinations.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.3781-3788
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• 2014

This study examined the age-related bone mineral density (BMD), accumulated bone loss rate (ABLR) at different skeletal sites in Korean men using the data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)(the 1st (2010), 2nd (2010) and the year at the 5th survey). The cubic regression model was found to be the best for describing the age-related changes in BMD. The lumbar spine, total hip, femoral neck, trochanter, Ward's triangle in the bone mineral density difference were analyzed by ANOVA. The peak BMD was at 20-24 years at the lumbar spine, total hip, femoral neck, trochanter, Ward's triangle, and the 75-79 years of age group had the highest Accumulated Bone Loss Rate. Therefore, intensive management will be necessary for men over 75 years, and a diagnosis of osteoporosis in Korean men should be made according to The International Society for Clinical Densitometry; ISCD.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.422-424
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• 2002

The accuracy of DXA(Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry) highly depends on the detection and separation capability of dual energy X-ray X-ray photons. In addition both of scan time and patient exposure are affected by detection efficiency. A CZT detector with a good energy resolution and high detection efficiency was evaluated for the application of bone densitometry. Its performance was compared to a photomultiplier tube with a NaI(T1) scintillator in terms of energy resolution, detection efficiency and the accuracy of bone mineral density measurement. The comparison study was performed with CZT detector and PM tube using DXA equipments(OSTEO Plus, OSTEO Prima, ISOL Technology). The energy spectrum was acquired using MCA(Multi-Channel Analyzer). The used X-ray energy ranged from 20keV to 86keV. The MCA result of the CZT detector showed a slightly sharper energy spectrum than that of NaI(T1). Detection efficiency of the CZT detector at 59.5keV was 1.4 times better. Remarkably the final results of bone mineral density measurements demonstrate only less than 1% difference. The CZT detector appears to have many benefits for the application of bone densitometry. Its excellent energy resolution can enhance the counting accuracy of dual energy X-ray spectrum. Furthermore its compactness in physical dimension and no cooling requirement will be additional benefits for a more compact and accurate bone densitometer.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.527-534
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• 2016

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is the most widely used technical instrument for evaluating bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) in patients of all ages. In 2016, DEXA devices operating is 5617 in Korea. In this study we investigated the quality of management practices survey for DEXA equipment and we analyzed it. We got a survey response rate of 12.6%. Accurate bone densitometry test is used data for estimation a patient's risk of fracture. However, improper bone densitometry will increase the possibility of causing a false positive. Therefore. it is essential to use the proper aids accurate bone densitomenty to be performed, and the quality control of the device to reduce the error factor of the tester through the training to reduce error for the device and the attitude.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Radiological Science
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• 1992.10a
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• pp.118.1-118.1
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• 1992

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.200-208
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• 2004

In ultrasonic bone densitometry, the positioning of measurement site is decisive in precision and reproducibility. In this study, automatic Region of Interest (ROI) detection algorithm is suggested and adopted the method using the local minimum value by ultrasonic image. The preprocess before the local minimum method extracts out the bone area and calculates the geometrical information of bone. The developed ROI detection algorithm was applied to the clinical test for the subject of 305 female patients in the range of 22-88 years old. As the results, the accuracy of the algorithm was shown to be 98.3％. It was also found that bone density parameter was significantly correlated with age(r=0.85, p<0.0001).