• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 2005

This study is to find out effects of hot water soluble extract from green tea, one of the Korean favorites, on the calcium metabolism and bone strength in body. To do so, calcium, phosphate, creatinine concentration and ALP activity in blood and the content of calcium and ash in the organ, the length, weight, strength in bone were measured. In addition, to find the calcium metabolism, the level of calcium intake, excretion, retention were measured. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups and isoloated soy protein was provided as the source of protein and CaCO₃ was provided as the source of calcium. 0.5% hot water soluble extract from green tea was provided to the green tea groups and for the control group deionized water was provided. The results are as follows ; 1. There is no difference between the experimental groups in diet intake, weight gain, and the feed intake. 2. Feed efficiency ratio was low in the group which hot water soluble extract from green tea was provided. 3. There is no difference between groups the level of calcium, phosphorus, creatinine and ALP activity in serum. 4. There is no difference between groups weight, contents of ash and calcium in kidney and liver. 5. There is no difference between groups in calcium intake, absorption, excretion, and retention. 6. There is no difference between groups weight, length and strength in bone. In summary, when hot water soluble extract from green tea was provided with the amount of 150-200mg, which is taken when people generally drink as favorite tea, weight gain was reduced due to the decrease of feed efficiency ratio. However, it did not affect the availability of calcium in body at all. Thus, even if a big quantity of green tea powder or solid of hot green tea extract is not provided, the quantity obtained when people drink green tea lowers the feed efficiency ratio without reducing availability of calcium in body.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.375-378
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• 2004

The samples were prepared with hydroxyapatite(HAp) powder and eugenol (Eugenol/HAp = 15, 20, 25, 30wt%). The samples were dried at room temperature. The higher mechanical properties was observed in HAp sample with 25wt% Eugenol. The average compressive and bending strength in HAp with 25wt% Eugenol are 542 kgf/$\textrm{mm}^2$ and 366 kgf/$\textrm{mm}^2$ respectively. This strength is higher compare to that of the cortical bone.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.167-173
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• 2005

Purpose : To investigate the relationship between three-dimensional (3D) bone imaging parameters and trabecular strength in the mandible. Materials and Methods : Bone specimens were obtained from the mandibles of five male pigs weighing around 110 kg each. Of those, 43 samples were selected for 3D analysis and measured by micro-computed tomography. The five morphometric parameters were trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), bone specific surface (BS/BV), percent bone volume (BV/TV), structure model index (SMI) and degree of anisotropy (DA). Through destructive mechanical testing, strength parameters were obtained. Results : BV/TV, SMI, BS/BV, and Tb.Th showed significant correlations with strength parameters. DA did not show any correlation with the other parameters. In multiple linear regression analysis, BV/TV alone explained $43\%$ of the variance in Young's modulus. By stepwise inclusion of SMI, the variance in the Young's modulus was better explained up to $52\%$. Conclusions : Predicting trabecular strength in the mandible through architectural analysis would be possible. Further study is needed to establish the tendency and variety of trabecular architecture and strength according to the locations within the mandible.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.461-466
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• 2013

Objective : Although curcumin has a protective effect on bone remodeling, appropriate therapeutic concentrations of curcumin are not well known as therapeutic drugs for osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to compare the bone sparing effect of treatment of low-dose and high-dose curcumin after ovariectomy in rats. Methods : Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats underwent either a sham operation (the sham group) or bilateral ovariectomy (OVX). The ovariectomized animals were randomly distributed among three groups; untreated OVX group, low-dose (10 mg/kg) curcumin administered group, and high-dose (50 mg/kg) curcumin group. At 4 and 8 weeks after surgery, serum biochemical markers of bone turnover were analyzed. Bone histomorphometric parameters of the 4th lumbar vertebrae were determined by micro-computed tomography (CT). In addition, mechanical strength was determined by a three-point bending test. Results : High-dose curcumin group showed significantly lower osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, and the telopeptide fragment of type I collagen C-terminus concentration at 4 and 8 weeks compared with the untreated OVX group as well as low-dose curcumin group. In the analyses of micro-CT scans of 4th lumbar vertebrae, the high-dose curcumin treated group showed a significant increase in bone mineral densities (p=0.028) and cortical bone mineral densities (p=0.036) compared with the low-dose curcumin treated group. Only high-dose curcumin treated group had a significant increase of mechanical strength compared with the untreated OVX group (p=0.015). Conclusion : The present study results demonstrat that a high-dose curcumin has therapeutic advantages over a low-dose curcumin of an antiresorptive effect on bone remodeling and improving bone mechanical strength.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.218-226
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• 2009

This study conducted the following experiment to examine effects of bone metabolism on aquatic exercise, Drynariae Rhizoma and aquatic exercise with Drynariae Rhizoma. This experiment was conducted to compare bone strength, bone mineral density, weight, change of femur, osteocalcin, ALP, Ca and P effects by aquatic exercise for 6 weeks, Drynariae Rhizoma and Drynariae Rhizoma for aquatic exercise with 40 SD rats of postoophorectomy osteoporosis and it divided 10 subjects. experiment group (I) is applying postoophorectomy osteoporosis group, (II) is applying aquatic exercise group, (III) is applying Drynariae Rhizoma group and (IV) is applying aquatic exercise with Drynariae Rhizoma group. These result lead us to the conclusion that osteocalcin were showed a statically increase and blood Ca level were showed a statically decrease on other groups compare to group(I). Consequently, aquatic exercise and Drynariae Rhizoma would be lead to increment of bone metabolism on postoophorectomy osteoporosis.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.426-432
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• 2009

The overall purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of level of isoflavones supplementation on bone metabolism in osteoporosis rats. The effects of level of isoflavones supplementation on calcium and osteocalcin blood level, femur/body weight, bone mineral density(BMD) and bone strength were inspected in this study. This study classified 28 of 12 weeks-old male Sprague Dawley rats which have osteoporosis caused by ovariectomy into four groups of 7 rats and made the subjects medicated them isoflavone. Group I was non-treatment after osteoporosis(control); Group II was low-dose isoflavone(20 mg/kg) feeding after osteoporosis; Group III was middle-dose isoflavone(40 mg/kg) feeding after osteoporosis; Group IV was high-dose isoflavone(80 mg/kg) feeding after osteoporosis; In the calcium and osteocalcin level as one of bone formation indexes, there was a statistically significant difference between the group II, III, IV compared to group I. In respect to the femur/body weight, there was a statistically significant difference between the group II, III, IV compared to group I. In the bone mineral density and bone strength test, there was a statistically significant difference between the group II, III, IV compared to group I. The above results suggests that isoflavone medicated is effective to prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.14-18
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• 2020

Chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is a systemic disorder of mineral and bone metabolism caused by CKD. Patients with early-stage CKD who present with disordered regulation of bone and mineral metabolism may be asymptomatic. However, if untreated, the condition can be a significant barrier in achieving optimal bone strength, linear growth, and cardiovascular health in pediatric patients with CKD. Thus, the current study evaluated the definition, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of pediatric CKD-MBD.

• The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.15-27
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• 2022

This study aims to analyze the relative importance of bone age and chronological age in physique according to gender and to identify the relative importance of bone age, chronological age, and physique in physical fitness and motor coordination according to gender in order to alleviate the imbalance between physique and physical fitness in children. A total of 666 children(346 males, 320 females) between the ages of 11-14 were enrolled as subjects, and the skeletal maturation The skeletal maturation were measured by taking hand-wrist. Physical fitness were measured through a total of 4 components: muscular strength. The results of this study. First, physique variables for both males and females aged 11-14 were found to be more significant predictors of bone age than chronological age. Second, for physical fitness in males, in the order of %fat, body water, waist-hip ratio, weight, fat-free mass, and chronological age were more significant predictor variables; and in females, in the order of %fat, fat-free mass, height, chronological age, weight, bone age, fat mass, and body water were more significant predictor variables. For bone age and chronological age in physical fitness, bone age in males and chronological age in females found to be the more representative variables respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.363-368
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• 2000

The purposes of the study was to examine changes in thickness and strength of the rat femur after administration of sodium fluoride in the drinking water. 48 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, and they were supplied with 0(control), 1, 5 and 50 ppm of fluoride in the drinking water ad libitum for 6 weeks. Rats were killed and both sides of femur were dissected. Bone strength was measured as the stress of failure of femur at the middle point and femoral neck with Instron. Histologic slides were prepared from the femur shaft with routine processing of fixing, demineralizing, embedding and HE staining. Thickness and area of cortical bone and medullary cavity were measured by using Camera Lucida and Image Analyzer. All the collected data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test for post-hoc tests and ANCOVA using the SAS 6.12 package at the level of 0.05. Bone strength increased significantly in the animals given 1 and 5 ppm of fluoride in the water, as compared to the control group. There were significant decreases of stress at fracture in 50 ppmF group compared to the 1 and 5 ppmF groups. The similar trends of bone strength at the femoral neck fracture test, but there were no statistical significances. Cortical bone thickness and area of the femur increased in the 1 and 5 ppmF groups compared to the control. However, the thickness of 50 ppmF group also decreased significantly as compared to 1 and 5 ppmF groups. On the other hand, medullary thickness and area increased in all fluoride groups than control group. All of the findings presented support the conclusion that, low fluoride dosage used in water fluoridation could increase the bone strength and might have preventive effect on femur fracture.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.373-380
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• 1998

The prediction of bone strength by ultrasound velocity and broadband ultrasound attenuation was examined. Ultrasound velocity and broadband attenuation were measured for sixty specimens of human trabecular bone. Samples were divided into two equal groups and loaded in compression at the strain rates of $0.0004\;s^{-1}$ and of $0.08\;s^{-1}$. The ultimate strength was determined for each specimen. Specimens tested at $0.08\;s^{-1}$ had a mean value of strength 63% higher than the specimens tested at $0.0004\;s^{-1}$. Ultrasound velocity and broadband attenuation were significantly associated with compressive strength at both strain rates. Mechanical strength was also correlated strongly with a linear combination of ultrasound velocity and broadband attenuation for both the low and high loading rates. The use of ultrasound parameters may provide good clinical means for assessing the resistance of trabecular bone to both low and high energy trauma.