• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1448-1457
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• 2014

평균수명이 연장되면서 노인인구비율 증가와 함께 각종 노인성 질환이 증가하고 있다. 노인성 질환을 대상으로 한약재를 이용한 치료적 접근위주의 연구는 시도되고 있으나, 건강관리 차원에서 예방적 접근방법으로 한방건강 음료로서의 한방차에 대한 연구는 미미한 실정이다. 본 연구는 노인요양시설을 이용하는 노인을 대상으로 한방차의 섭취가 생리적 기능과 행동변화에 미치는 효과를 확인하기 위한 비동등성 대조군 전후 설계의 유사 실험연구이다. 대상자는 실험군 20명, 대조군 18명으로 총 38명이었다. 2013년 5월부터 6월까지 1회 100ml씩, 일 3회, 30일간 본 연구에서 개발한 한방차를 적용하였고, 양자분석기로 생리적 기능을, 구조화된 설문지로 행동변화를 측정하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과 실험군에서 생리적 기능 중 혈류순환(t=-4.466, p<.001), 간기능(t=-2.855, p=.007), 뇌기능(t=-2.545, p=.015), 골밀도(t=-6.125, p<.001), 혈당(t=-4.180, p=<.001)과 행동변화의 하위지수인 정서적 요인(t=2.389, p=.023)에서 유의한 변화가 나타났다. 따라서 노인의 생리적 기능 향상과 정서적 안정에 긍정적인 효과가 나타난 한방차의 음용은 노인요양시설에서 노인 건강을 위한 효과적인 중재 방법으로 활용될 수 있다고 사료된다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2009

구조적으로 estrogen 수용체(estrogen receptor, ER)와 유사한 estrogen receptor-related receptor(ERR)는 포유동물에서 배발생 후기에 외배엽 형성과 관련되어 있다고 알려진 고아핵수용체(orphan nuclear receptor)이다. ERR은 ER과 DNA binding domain의 보존성은 유사하지만, ligand 결합 및 전사 활성은 다르다. 포유동물의 ERR에 관한 연구에 비하여 해양 무척추동물의 ERR에 대한 기능 연구는 매우 부족하다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라 동해안에 주로 서식하는 둥근성게(Strongylocentrotus nudus) ERR의 초기 발생기 유전자 발현 변화와 전사 활성 기능을 조사하기 위해 먼저 polymerase chain reaction(PCR)을 이용하여 cDNA를 동정하였다. 둥근성게 ERR은 S. purpuratus와 91%의 높은 상동성을 보였으며, 계통수 분석을 통해 무척추동물 ERR의 clade에 포함되는 것을 알았다. 둥근성게 배발생 시기에 ERR 유전자 발현을 알아보기 위하여 real-time PCR을 실시한 결과, 4~64세포기와 유생기에 mRNA level이 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 또한 호르몬 및 co-regulator에 의한 둥근성게 ERR의 전사 활성을 조사한 결과, 호르몬에 의한 특이성은 확인되지 않았지만, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-(PPAR) $\gamma$ coactivator $1\alpha$(PGC-$1\alpha$)가 둥근성게 ERR의 coactivator임을 입증할 수 있었다. 이 연구 결과는 향후 새로운 ligand 발굴과 coregulator와 의 상호작용 연구에 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2003

The study area, Kwangneung Experiment Forest (KEF) is located on the west-central portion of Korean peninsula and belongs to a cool-temperate broadleaved forest Bone. At the old-growth deciduous forest near Soribong-peak (533.1 m) in KEF, we have established a 1 ha permanent plot ($100m{\times}100m$) and a flux tower, and the site was registered as a KLTER(Korean long-term ecological research network) and DK site of KoFlux. In this site, we made a stemmap of trees and analyzed forest stand structure and physical and chemical soil characteristics, and estimated carbon budgets by forest components (tree biomass, soils, litter and so on). Dominant tree species were Quercus serrata and Carpinus laxiflora, and accompanied by Q. aliena, Carpinus cordata, and so on. As a result of a field survey of the plot, density of the trees larger than 2 cm in DBH was 1,473 trees per ha, total biomass 261.2 tons/ha, and basal area $28.0m^2$/ha. Parent rock type is granite gneiss. Soil type is brown forest soil (alfisols in USDA system), and the depth is from 38 to 66 cm. Soil texture is loam or sandy loam, and its pH was f개m 4.2 to 5.0 in the surface layer, and from 4.8 to 5.2 in the subsurface layer. Seasonal changes in LAI were measured by hemispherical photography at the 1.2 m height, and the maximum was 3.65. And the spatial distributions of volumetric soil moisture contents and LAIs of the plot were measured. The carbon pool in living tree biomass including below ground biomass was 136 tons C/ha, and 5.6 tons C/ha is stored in the litter layer, and about 92.0 tons C/ha in the soil to the 30 cm in depth. Totally more than about 233.6 tons C/ha was stored in DK site. These ground survey and monitoring data will give some important parameters and validation data for the forest dynamics models or biogeochemical dynamics models to predict or interpolate spatially the changes in forest ecosystem structure and function.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2009

목적 ; 본 연구는 가스분석검사기의 일종인 Oral $Chroma^{(R)}$(CHM-1, Osaka, Japen)를 이용하여 건강검진센터에 내원하는 환자를 대상으로 전신질환 판정검사에서 이상소견을 가진 환자에서 구취를 일으키는 휘발성 황화합물을 측정 비교하여 전신질환이 구취에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 ; 수집된 자료는 통계분석 프로그램인 Statistical Package for the Social Science12.0(SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA)을 이용하여 구강검사(CPI index, 탐침 시 출혈 유무, 설태의 유무) 결과 및 각 검사별 전신질환의 유무에 따른 황화수소, 메틸 머캅탄, 황화 디메틸의 농도를 교차분석으로 분석하였다. 결과 ; 휘발성 황화합물과 관계있는 질환은 간질환과 담낭질환이라는 사실을 확인할 수 있었으며 그 외 골밀도와 혈압, 지질검사 등에서의 관련성도 관찰되어 추후 연구가 더 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.162-169
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• 2009

Pure titanium and its alloys are drastically used in implant materials due to their excellent mechanical properties, high corrosion resistance and good biocompatibility. However, the widely used Ti-6Al-4V is found to release toxic ions (Al and V) into the body, leading to undesirable long-term effects. Ti-6Al-4V has much higher elastic modulus than cortical bone. Therefore, titanium alloys with low elastic modulus have been developed as biomaterials to minimize stress shielding. For this reason, Ti-30Ta-xZr alloy systems have been studied in this study. The Ti-30Ta containing Zr(5, 10 and 15 wt%) were 10 times melted to improve chemical homogeneity by using a vacuum furnace and then homogenized for 24 hrs at $1000^{\circ}C$. The specimens were cut and polished for corrosion test and Ti coating and then coated with TiN, respectively, by using DC magnetron sputtering method. The analyses of coated surface were carried out by field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM). The electrochemical characteristics were examined using potentiodynamic (- 1500 mV~+ 2000 mV) and AC impedance spectroscopy(100 kHz~10 mHz) in 0.9% NaCl solution at $36.5{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. The equiaxed structure was changed to needle-like structure with increasing Zr content. The surface defects and structures were covered with TiN/Ti coated layer. From the polarization behavior in 0.9% NaCl solution, The corrosion current density of Ti-30Ta-xZr alloys decreased as Zr content increased, whereas, the corrosion potential of Ti-30Ta-xZr alloys increased as Zr content increased. The corrosion resistance of TiN/Ti-coated Ti-30Ta-xZr alloys were higher than that of the TiN-coated Ti-30Ta-xZr alloys. From the AC impedance in 0.9% NaCl solution, polarization resistance($R_p$) value of TiN/Ti coated Ti-30Ta-xZr alloys showed higher than that of TiN-coated Ti-30Ta-xZr alloys.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.122-132
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• 2010

Elderly people comprise an increasing proportion of the population, and nutritional impairments may contribute to health problems among this group. This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional status by Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and to identify relationships among anthropometric measurements, biochemical indicators, bone Mineral Density (BMD) and MNA results among older adults (${\geq}$65 yrs, n=98, 66.7${\pm}$2.5 yrs; M=52, F=46, BMI 24.5${\pm}$2.8 $kg/m^2$) at a Health Care Center. A dietitian administered MNA and collected anthropometric measurements (weight, height, waist circumference), biochemical indicators (albumin, hemoglobin, hematocrit, TLC, glucose, lipids) and the BMD (spine, femur, F=46). Subjects were grouped into a normal nutrition group (0~2 risk factors of malnutrition) and a high risk of malnutrition group (>=3 risk factors of malnutrition) based on their risk factor status for malnutrition. The risk factors for malnutrition include age ${\geq}$65 years, PIBW <90%, albumin <3.5 g/dl, TLC <1,500%, Hgb <14 g/dl (men), Hgb <10 g/dl (women), loss of appetite and weight loss 1~3 kg/last 3 months. In addition, subjects were grouped into a normal, osteopenia and osteoporosis group by BMD. We found that 12% of the subjects were at risk of malnutrition (MNA score, 21.4${\pm}$2.1) and that 88% were well nourished (27.3${\pm}$1.5) according to the MNA. Full-MNA scores were positively and significantly (p<0.05) associated with BMI, mid-arm circumference (MAC), calf circumference (CC), albumin and hemoglobin, respectively. The full-MNA score of the high risk of malnutrition group (23.0${\pm}$3.8) was lower than that of the normal nutrition group (27.0${\pm}$2.1) (p<0.05). In addition, the Full-MNA score was negatively associated with the risk factor of malnutrition (r=－0.35, p=0.0004). We found that 39.1% of the subjects had osteoporosis, 45.7% had osteopenia and 15.2% were normal according to their BMD. The MNA score of osteoporosis group (24.58${\pm}$3.3) was lower than that of the normal (27.4${\pm}$1.1) and osteopenia group (26.9${\pm}$1.5) (p<0.05). These results suggested that MNA can be useful as a nutritional screening tool of older adults in Health Care Centers.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.382-388
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• 2007

Statement of problem. The role of calcium sulfate in stimulating the growth of gingival soft tissue has been reported in few studies. Such a unique property of calcium sulfate could serve as a trouble-solving broker in compensating for the lack of soft tissues in various oral surgeries. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare the proliferating activities of human gingival fibroblasts seeded on various bone graft barrier materials of calcium sulfate, collagen, and polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE). Material and methods. Two calcium sulfates ($CAPSET^{(R)}$. and $CalForma^{(R)}$, Lifecore Biomedical Inc., St. Paul, Minnesota, USA), a resorbable natural collagen ($Bio-Gide^{(R)}$, Geistlich Pharma Ag., Wolhusen, Switzerland), and a non-resorbable PTFE ($TefGen-FD^{(R)}$, Lifecore Biomedical Inc., St. Paul, Minnesota, USA) served as the human gingival fibroblasts' substrates and comprised the four experimental groups, whereas the untreated floors of culture plastics were used in the control group, in this study. Cells were trypsinized, seeded, and incubated for 48 h. The proliferating activities of fibroblasts were determined by XTT and SRB assay and absorbance (optical density, OD) was measured. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the differences in the mean OD values between the groups of CAPSET, CalForma, Bio-Gide, TefGen, and the control (p<0.05). Results. From the XTT assay, the mean OD value of the control group, the highest, was significantly greater than that of any of the four experimental groups followed by CalForma, CAPSET, TefGen, and Bio-Gide. Further, the mean OD value of CalForma, was significantly greater compared to that of Bio-Gide. From the SRB assay, Calforma showed the highest mean OD value, which was significantly greater than that of any other groups, followed by the control, CAPSET, Bio-Gide, and TefGen. The mean OD values of both the control and CAPSET were significantly greater compared to that of TefGen (p<0.05). Conclusion. Assessment of the viability and proliferation of cultured fibroblasts seeded and incubated for 48 h on various barrier-material substrates using XTT and SRB assay showed that calcium sulfate $CalForma^{(R)}$ promotes the proliferating activity of human gingival fibroblasts.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.24-29
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• 2014

본 연구는 구기자와 구기엽 추출물이 난소를 절제한 흰쥐의 체중 증가, 골밀도, 에스트로겐 수용체의 발현에 미치는 영향을 밝히고자 시행하였다. 실험군은 흰쥐 24마리를 가장수술군(Sham군), 난소를 절제한 대조군(OVX군), 난소절제 후 구기자 추출액을 투여한 군(LCF군), 난소절제 후 구기엽 추출액을 투여한 군(LCL군)으로 구분하였다. 8주 후 난소를 절제한 OVX군($330{\pm}5.39g$), LCF군($315{\pm}2.99g$) 및 LCL군($318{\pm}2.06g$)의 체중은 Sham군($281{\pm}1.71g$)에 비하여 증가하였다. 혈청 osteocalcin 활성은 OVX군($107{\pm}3.52ng/mL$)에 비하여 LCF군($444.6{\pm}26.9ng/mL$)과 LCL군($407{\pm}18.9ng/mL$)에서 증가하였다. Alkaline phosphatase의 활성은 OVX군($95{\pm}2.9U/L$)에 비하여 LCF군($108{\pm}2.7U/L$)과 LCL군($407{\pm}18.9ng/mL$)에서 증가하였다. 8주 후 넙다리뼈를 실체현미경으로 관찰한 결과 뼈 기질밀도는 난소절제군에서 감소하였으나, 구기자와 구기엽을 추출액을 투여한 군에서는 뚜렷이 회복되었다. 에스트로겐 수용체의 mRNA 발현은 OVX군에서는 거의 발현되지 않았으나, LCF군과 LCL군에서 뚜렷이 증가하였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 구기자와 구기엽 물추출물이 난소절제에 의하여 유발된 흰쥐의 뼈 기질 회복 또는 손실 지연에 효과가 있다고 할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.119-134
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• 2010

Objectives & Method：Based on the statistic from January 2008 to December 2008 include 66-year-old 375 people (159 men, 216 women) who got examined in National Health Insurance Corporation, this study set a goal to establish a new health index by analyzing the relation between the cardio-cerebra vascular disease and risk factor such as obesity, smoking, exercise, alcohol consumption, blood pressure, blood sugar and cholesterol. Results：1) Examine results, health status according to gender；People who are diagnosed as abnormal health status have higher risk for both men and women. As for the detailed diseases, high blood pressure was highest followed by hyperlipidemia and obesity. In case of the women, 96.3% in bone mineral density was highest. 2) Correlation of disease and health risk factors based on gender；Correlation of disease according to gender in the obesity(p<0.001), lipid abnormalities(p<0.001), kidney diseases(p<0.001), chest diseases(p<0.05), osteoporosis(p<0.001) showed a statistically significant difference. The analysis showed that the men have more obesity and lipid abnormalities as well as thoracic disease than the women, but the women have more kidney disease than the men. As for the osteoporosis examine which is conducted only for the women, most of the women were abnormal even though it cannot compare the result according to gender. Obesity(p<0.001), alcohol(p<0.001), smoking(p<0.001) and LDLcholesterol(p<0.001) showed statistical correlation between gender and health risk factor. And only high blood pressure(p<0.001) showed a statistical correlation between gender and risk of cardio-cerebra vascular disease. 3) Risk of cardio-cerebra vascular disease related to health risk factor characteristic；Obesity assessment(p<0.001), alcohol(p<0.05), smoking(p<0.05), blood pressure(p<0.001), glucose(p<0.001) showed correlation between health risk factor and stroke. Drinking(p<0.001), smoking(p<0.05), exercise(p<0.001), blood pressure(p<0.001), LDL cholesterol(p<0.001) showed health risk factor and myocardial infarction. Obesity assessment(p<0.001), smoking(p<0.05), blood pressure(p<0.001), glucose(p<0.001) and showed correlation between health risk factor and diabetes. Obesity assessment(p<0.001), blood pressure(p<0.001) showed correlation between health risk factor and high blood pressure. Conclusion：Therefore, we have to take one step farther after the health examination. In order to prevent and reduce the risk of disease, people have to understand their health status exactly first, and correct their habit with recognizing the amount of risk related to cardio-cerebra vascular disease.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.142-162
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• 2014

Objectives: To evaluate the critical environmental factors on healthy-aging of Korean people, we investigated the significant factors influencing health status of septuagenarians living in rural area of Jeonla province, known to be one of the representative longevity regions in Korea. Methods: We divided subjects into healthy group (36M/25F) or poor-health group (26M/73F) based on self-reported health status, body mass index, a number of prescription, and blood test data. General characteristics, physical measurements, lifestyle, dietary behavior and nutrient intake, physical health and mental health data were statistically compared between the two groups. Results: Average age was not different between healthy group and poor-health group in men and women, respectively. In men, significantly favorable factors to health were observed to be higher education, regular exercise, higher grip strength and walking function, body mass index (${\geq}18.5kg/m^2$), moderate frequency of drinking and eating-out, non-smoking, normal red blood cell (RBC) count, higher serum dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEAS) level, good digestive function and appetite, normal hearing function, regular meals, adequate vegetable and fruit intake, diverse food intake, adequate energy and nutrients (protein, vitamin $B_1$, $B_6$, C and E, folate, niacin, P, Zn and K) intake, higher mini-nutrient status assessment (MNA) score and low level of depression. On the other hand, in women, those were literacy, living arrangement, moderate frequency of drinking, healthy teeth, higher grip strength and walking function, bone mineral density, normal RBC and white blood cell (WBC) count, higher DHEAS concentration, higher MNA score, normal cognition and memory function, having snack and adequate fruit intake. Conclusions: These results could be useful to plan effective strategies to increase health-life expectancy of Korean old people living in rural areas.