• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.28-33
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• 1980

This study was undertaken to evaluate the present status of A. lumbricoides infection in a rural area of Korea. The 307 residents of all age group in Gumsa Myun, Yeo Ju Gun were examined by Kato's cellophane thick smear technique. Pyrantel pamoste was administered to the Ascaris infection cases by a single dose of 5mg/kg of body weight. The whole amount of 24 hour stool during two or three consecutive days were collected sepatately. The expelled A. lumbricoides worms from the unfiltered stool remnants were collected. They were measured by the length and weight, and the sex of the worms were differentiated. The results are as follows: 1) The incidence of A. lumbricoids infection of the 307 specimens examined was 40.1%(male: 40.9%, female:39.0%). The difference according to guman sex distribution was not statistically significant. 2) Seventy two Ascaris infected cases expelled 163 worms of various size. The mean number of worms per infected case were calculated as 2.3. The sex ratio of examined female and male Ascaris was 1.5:1 3) Among the expelled 97 female worms, the genital girdle were found in 60 female worms(61.9%). Genital girdle of gemale worm was located from the head in the position of $38{\pm}4$ of total length 100. 4) The average body length of male Ascaris was $16.3{\pm}3.1cm$ and female Ascaris was $21.7{\pm}3.5cm$ 5) The relationship between the weight(Y) and the length(X) of individual Ascaris worm was plotted. Y(gm).0.32$\fallingdotseq$(cm)-3.1 in female and Y(gm)$\fallingdotseq$0.1X(cm)-0.1 in male.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.224-235
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• 2009

This study aimed to research meal quality and the dietary behaviors of college students for desirable dietary lives and provides basic data for nutritional education by examining polymorphism distribution of the UCP2 gene according to gender, by investigating attitudes in terms of their dietary habits and dietary lives, and by analyzing serum lipid levels and body composition. A survey was conducted with a total of 222 students - 93 male and 129 females. Based on a selfreporting method, the questionnaires were answered over 20 minutes, and UCP2 insertion/deletion gene polymorphism and blood samples were also analyzed. The results showed that the male students and female students had average BMI of 22.50 and $20.73\;kg/m^2$, respectively. According to answers regarding their dietary lives, 51.4% of the students showed 'irregular eating' patterns, which is regarded as something to be corrected. In terms of eating regularity, 51.6% of the male students and 59.7% of the female students had irregular meal schedules. As the most important meal of a day, 64.0% of the students answered 'breakfast' but only 53.6% answered that they ate breakfast everyday. In addition, 39.8% of the male students and 50.4% of the female students ate between meals 'once a day'. When questioned if they were satisfied with their body shape, 17.8 and 45.2% of the male students answered they were 'satisfied' or needed to 'gain weight', respectively, whereas 17.8 and 77.5% of the female students answered they were 'satisfied' or needed to 'lose weight', respectively. The results of the UCP2 gene polymorphism analysis showed that 33.7% of the males belonged to the DI heterozygote group, 64.2% belonged to the DD homozygote group, and 2.1% belonged to the II homozygote group. For the female students, 63.4% belonged to the DI heterozygote group, 35.1% belonged to the DD homozygote group, and 1.5% belonged to the II homozygote group. According to the blood and serum lipid analyses, the male students showed average HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and hemoglobin levels of 57.20, 93.80, and 15.00 mg/dL, respectively, while the female students presented average levels of 56.69, 102.88, and 13.13 mg/dL, respectively. In conclusion, this study found no significant effects in terms of UCP2 gene polymorphisms, but it is suggested that practical plans must be designed that allow college students to use nutritional knowledge in their daily lives, and in particular, nutrition education needs to be develop that would enable female college students to recognize their bodies appropriately and to control their weight in desirable ways.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.229-237
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• 1984

마우스를 실험동물로 하여 스파르가눔(sparganum)을 경구감염시킨 후 충체의 이행과정 및 충체분포를 관찰함으로써 스파르가눔의 병원성을 이해하고 실험적 스파르가눔토에 대한 기초자료를 마련하고자 이 연구를 실시 하였다. 스파르가눔은 강원도 횡성군에서 포획한 유혈목이(Matrix tigrina lateralis)의 피하조직 및 내장에서 회득한 것을 사용하였고 ICR계 마우스 21∼259정도의 수컷 28마리에 대하여 각각 5마리의 스파르가눔 두절(scolex) 및 경부(neck)를 경구감염시킨 후 10분후부터 14일까지 도살하고 전신부검을 실시하여 충체 이행 과정 및 분포를 관찰한 바 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 스파르가눔은 감염 10분후 이미 마우스 십이지사의 장벽을 관통하고 있는 것이 관찰되었고 30분 이내에 관통을 끝낸 다음 복륙내에 주로 분포하였다. 특히 장벽을 관통할 때에는 계관에서 복륙쪽으로 직접 뚫고 나오는 것이 관찰되었다. 2. 감염 1시간부터 1일까지는 대부분의 충체가 복륙내에서 발견되었고 1일에 근육이나 피하조직으로 이행한 것도 관찰되었다. 3. 충체가 대부분 피하조직으로 이행한 것은 감염 7일이내인 것으로 나타났는데 감염 14일까지 관찰한 바 피하 또는 근금조직에서 고수된 28마리의 충체는 마우스 경부(neck) 주위조직에 13마리, 체간부(trunk)에 12마리, 두부(head)에 3마리가 분포하였고 이들중 하악골하부 및 견갑하부의 피하조직에서 가장 많은 충체가 발견되었다. 이들 피하조직 또는 장관벽의 조직반응은 거의 관찰되지 않았다. 4. 마우스에 감염된 스파르가눔은 처음에 평균 4mm이던 것이 7일후 평균 12mm, 14일후 평균 35mm로 성장하였다. 이상의 결과로 미루어볼 때 마우스에 경구감염된 스파르가눔은 10∼30분후에 위 또는 십이지사벽을 관통하여 복륙으로 나온 후 롱격막 또는 복막을 뚫고 7R이내에 주로 경부 및 그 주위조직으로 이행하는 것으로 생각되었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.715-722
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 산화, 변성되기 쉬운 비타민 C와 유산균을 캡슐화하여 비타민 C의 활성을 유지시킴은 물론 유산균에 보호막을 씌움으로써 불활성화를 방지하고자 하였다. 녹차잎과 캡슐화한 비타민 C, 유산균 및 실크 펩타이드, 다시마, 차전자피, 알로에 등의 섭취가 체지방 감소 및 체중 감량에 미치는 효과를 확인하고자 여대생 34명을 대상으로 2002년 8월부터 2002년 11월까지 3개월 동안 실시하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 실험군의 평균 연령은 20.3세, 평균신장은 162.5 cm, 평균 체중은 57.9 kg, BMI 평균은 21.9 였다. 총열량 섭취량은 보충 전.후에 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았으며, 당질 섭취량은 보충 전보다 보충 후에 유의적으로 감소하는 경향으로 나타났으며 (p<0.05), 단백질과 지방의 섭취는 보충 전후에 따른 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 식이 섬유소 섭취의 경우 보충 전에 비해 보충 후에 유의적으로 증가한 것으로 나타났다(p<0.001). 각 주별 체중 및 BMI의 변화는 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았으나 보충 전에 비하여 보충 후에 2.5 kg 정도 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 체지방량 변화는 보충 전에 비해 보충 4주군에서 유의적인 감소가 나타나(p<0.05) 보충 전에 비해 보충 4주 후 2.0 kg정도 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며, 체지방율 변화 역시 보충 전보다 보충 4주 후에 유의적인 감소 경향이 나타나(P<0.05) 보충 전에 비해 보충 후 1.9%의 체지방율 감소가 나타났다. 허리-엉덩이 둘레 비율(WHR)의 변화는 보충 전에 비해 보충 4주군에서 유의한 감소 경향이 나타났다(p<0.05). 보충 전.후의 총 콜레스테롤과 중성지방의 변화는 보충 후에 유의적으로 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며 (p<0.001), LDL-cholesterol, HDL,-cholesterol 및 LDL/HDL ratio는 보충 전.후에 따른 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 보면 본 연구에서 한달 동안 일상식이를 섭취하면서 녹차와 실크 펩타이드와 식이 섬유소의 보충은 체지방을 낮추는 역할을 하였으며, 총 콜레스테롤과 중성 지방 수준의 감소 효과를 알 수 있었다. 또한 산화, 변성되기 쉬운 비타민 C와 유산균을 캡슐화하여 비타민 C의 항산화 기능으로 혈청 지질 개선에 유의적이었으며, 정장 작용을 도움으로써 체중 감소에 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 특히 신체의 부위 중 복부의 지방을 감소시켜 복부 비만의 관리 및 체지방 관련 위험율을 감소시키는 결과가 나타났다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.123-129
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• 2003

본 연구는 서울 지역에 거주하고 일상식이를 하는 20-30대 여성 47명을 대상으로 1일 4.Og의 누에고치 유래 실크 펩타이드와 녹차잎 및 식이 섬유소를 한 달 정도 섭취하도록 하여 2002년 4월 1일부터 5월 30일에 실시하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 실험군의 평균 연령은 26.2세, 평균신장은 161.7cm, 평균 체중은 60.7kg, BMI평균은 23.4이었다. 보충전에 비하여 보충 후에 대조군의 총열량, 당질, 지질, 단백질 식이 섬유소 섭취량의 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았으나, 실험군의 경우 총열량은 보충 후에 유의적으로 감소하는 경향으로 나타났으며(p<0.01), 체중 변화는 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았으나 보충 후에 3.0 kg 정도 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며, BMI는 유의하게 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다(p<0.01). 체지방량 변화는 보충 후 유의적으로 감소하는 경향으로(p<0.001) 보충 전에 비해 2.0 kg 정도 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 복부비만율(WHR)의 경우 보충군에서 보충 전에 비해 유의적으로 감소하는 것으로 나타나(p<0.01), 복부비만 해소에 효과적으로 작용하는 것으로 나타났다. Total cholesterol과 LDL-cholesterol 변화 또한, 보충 후에 유의적으로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 보충후에 따른 상관관계를 분석한 결과로 HDL-cholesterol은 BMI와 WHR에서 음의 상관관계가 나타났다(p<0.01). LDL/HDL ratio BMI와 p<0.01 수준에서 양의 상관관계가 나타났으며, WHR과는 p<0.05수준에서 양의 상관관계가 나타났다. 이상 결과에서 보듯이, 저분자 펩타이드, 녹차잎 및 식이 섬유소의 보충은 체지방의 감소 효과 뿐만 아니라, 혈청 내 total cholesterol과 LDL-cholesterol 수준의 감소 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 특히 신체의 부위 중 복부의 지방을 감소시켜 복부 비만 관리 및 체지방 관련 위험율을 감소시키는 결과가 나타났다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2018

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of an aqueous extract from Taxillus chinensis (DC.) Danser (TCE) in Monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced osteoarthritis (OA) rat model. Methods : Sprague Dawley male rats were divided into the following four groups (n=6 per group): Normal (saline control), MIA (MIA-induced OA with vehicle), TCE (MIA-induced with TCE treatment), and IM (MIA-induced with indomethacin treatment). Rats in which OA was induced by MIA were treated with TCE (200 mg/kg) or indomethacin (1 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Weight-bearing on the hind legs and body weights were measured weekly. At the end of the experiment (3 weeks after MIA injection), serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels were measured to assess the liver toxicity induced by TCE. Its effects on serum inflammatory cytokine levels and tissue histopathology were also evaluated. Results : TCE restored the hind limb weight-bearing distribution. Serum levels of Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$) and Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) were significantly higher in the MIA group than in the Normal group, but serum IL-6 levels were significantly lower in the TCE group. In the TCE group, the synovial membrane was protected in hematoxylin and eosin and Safranin-O staining, respectively. Conclusions : TCE recovered the hind paw weight bearing distribution, inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokine, and protected synovial tissue and cartilage in the OA rat model. Therefore, TCE appears to be an effective therapeutic agent for treating OA and OA-related symptoms.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.40-45
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was aimed to assess the distribution of Sasang constitution(SC) in acute stroke patients. Methods : We assessed the type of SC of acute stroke patients in the oriental medical hospitals of 3 universities located in metropolitan region from October 2005 to October 2006 by Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Clssification II(QSCCII). We investigated general characteristics, stroke type, blood test results, alcohol drinking, smoking and dietary preferences according to SC. Results : 236 subjects were included into the final analysis. 1. This study showed that the proportion of So-yang was highest of all constitutions(45.3%). And the body weight, body mass index, the waist circumference(WC), the hip circumference(HC), and the WC/HC ratio recorded the significantly high result in Tae-eum. 2. In the TOAST classification, SVO was the major type occupying 81.7% in the total subjects. 3. In Tae-eum, total cholesterol, triglyceride and 2 hours postprandial plasma glucose level were the highest and fasting glucose was significantly highest of all constitutions. Conclusion : From this study, we could roughly seize the distribution of Sasang constitution in acute stroke patients. For the further research, it seems to be necessary to construct fundamental databases for stroke by increasing the number of patients and by analyzing delicate characteristics of each constitution type.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.167-176
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• 1997

The present investigation was focussed mainly on the development of the tumors and proliferating cells on the intestinal tracts of 1, 2-dimethyl-hydrazine(DMH)-treated young or adult rats. 26 rats(Wistar, 14 young rats weighting approximately 130~180gm and 12 adult rats weighting approximately 500~550gm) were given subcutaneously once weekly with 20mg of DMH/kg body weight(BW)/week for 8~22 weeks. Individual body weight were recorded weekly at the same day and time. The rats were killed at 8, 13, 15. 17, 19, 21 and 22 weeks. The intestinal tracts were opened longitudinally and carefully examined for tumors. The localization, number, and size of tumors were noted. Tumor-bearing areas were dissected out and fixed on neutral buffered 10% formalin and normal-looking mucosa from 8~22 weeks rats were also taken for fixation. Paraffin sections were stained by H-E for histopathological examination or with immunohistochemical stain for bromodeoxyuridine(Brdur) positive cells. 1. The growth proportion of body weight appeared to be decreased in the DMH-treated young rats than in control young rats and body weight of DMH-treated adult rats appeared to be 13.4% or less lower than weighted on 0 week. 2. Macroscopically, the developed tumors in the intestinal tracts were not observed as early as the 13 weeks after DMH treatment. The number of developed tumors per rat was found to be 14.3, 18.8, 22.3 in 15, 17 and 22 weeks. The numbers of tumors in intestinal regions per rat were 2.1, 4.3, 5.4, 2.5 in duodenum, jejunum, ilium and colon on 15 weeks, 2.3, 6.4, 7.8, 2.3, on 17 weeks, and 2.7, 9.3, 9.0, 1.3 on 22 weeks, respectively and the ileum and jejunum were higher in appearance rate of tumors and tumor types are dome shapes and diameter of largest tumor were 6.3mm. 3. Histopathologically, intestinal mucosa were thickened by the irregular distorted and distended crypts following hyperplasia. The tumors developed on the mucosa and submucosa and were recognized to be adenocarcinoma. 4. Immunohistochemically, the labeling index(LI) was calculated as the ratio of the number of Brdur-labeled cells to the total number of column cells of the crypts with longitudinal axis. LI of Brdur positive cells per crypt were 5.6%, 8.0% on small intestine of control and 22 week group, respectively and 3.7%, 12.7% on large intestine of control and 22 week group, respectively and were appeared to be increase in 22 week group than in control group and to be more number of proliferating cells in 22 week group than in control group. 5. LI of Brdur positive cells in 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 segments of crypt column were 11.7%, 10.7%, 3.8%, 0.6%, 0% in small intestine of control group and 23.5%, 11.8%, 2.3%, 2.4%, 0.8% in small intestine of 22 week group, and 5.4%, 7.4%, 3.8%, 1.0%, 0.4% in large intestine of control group and 29.5%, 20.3%, 5.9%, 6.3%, 1.3% in large intestine of 22 week group respectively. So results indicate that the number of proliferating cells by DMH treatment increase and were concentrated on the 1, 2 segments of crypt columns.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.239-246
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• 2014

목적: 정적자세에서 유도된 비정시가 신체균형에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 방법: 평균 연령 $23.4{pm}2.70$세의 20명(남 10, 여 10)을 대상으로 ${pm}0.50D$, ${\pm}1.00D$, ${\pm}1.50D$, ${\pm}2.00D$, ${\pm}3.00D$, ${\pm}4.00D$, ${\pm}5.00D$의 렌즈를 사용하여 비정시(양안근시, 단순근시성부동시, 양안원시, 단순원시성부동시)를 유도하였다. TETRAX the biofeedback system을 이용하여 신체안정성지수, 체중분포지수, 낙상지수를 측정하였다. 신체균형 검사는 각 조건 당 32초간 측정되었고, 반복측정 후 완전교정상태에서 측정한 값과 비교하였다. 결과: 안정성지수는 양안근시의 경우 +0.50 D부터, 단순근시성부동시의 경우 +1.00 D부터, 양안원시의 경우 -1.00 D부터, 단순원시성부동시의 경우 -1.50 D부터 완전교정상태와 비교하여 유의하게 증가되었다. 낙상지수는 양안근시의 경우 +4.00 D부터, 양안원시의 경우 -1.00 D부터, 단순원시성부동시의 경우 -1.50 D부터 유의하게 증가되었다. 모든 비정시 유형에서 체중분포지수의 변화는 없었다. 결론: 비정시의 유형에 상관없이 굴절이상의 미교정은 신체균형의 전반적인 안정성을 감소시키고, 낙상의 위험도를 증가시킬 수 있다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.291-297
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• 2005

Objectives : The effects of exercise on bone density have been found to be inconsistent in previous studies. We conducted a cross-sectional study in premenarcheal girls to test two hypotheses to explain these inconsistencies. Firstly,'the intensity of mechanical strain, in terms of the ground reaction force(GRF), has more important effects on the bone mass at a weight-bearing site', and secondly, 'calcium intake modifies the bone response to exercise'. Methods : The areal bone mineral density was measured at the Os calcis, using peripheral dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, in 91 premenarcheal girls aged between 9 and 12 years. The intensity of mechanical strain of exercise was assessed by a self-report questionnaire and scored by the GRF as multiples of body weight, irrespective of the frequency and duration of exercise. The energy and calcium intake were calculated from the 24-hour dietary recall. An analysis of covariance(ANCOVA) was used to determine the interaction and main effects of exercise and calcium on the bone density, after adjusting for age, weight, height and energy intake. Results : The difference in the bone density between moderate and low impact exercise was more pronounced in the high than low calcium intake group. The bone density for moderate impact exercise and high calcium intake was significantly higher than that for low impact exercise (p=0.046) and low calcium intake, after adjusting for age, weight, height and energy intake. Conclusions : Our study suggests that the bone density at a weight-bearing site is positively related to the intensity of mechanical loading exercise, and the calcium intake may modify the bone response to exercise at the loaded site in premenarcheal girls.