• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.71-81
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• 2008

Objective: Obesity threatens not only the problem of beauty but also health. Furthermore, it could be harmful a chronic disease to increase mortality rate. A purpose of this study is to show a effect of obesity control as developing a herbal medicine, Gyeongshingangjeehwan16 (GGEx16), in order to control obesity that is a harmful factor for healthy. Method : In order to prove the effect of GGEx16, BMI, fat distribution, fat control and fitness score which are closely related with obesity are considered as variables. Each variable is measured, for statistical analysis, using measurement implement of InBody 3.0 which applied a theory of bioimpedence analysis. Result and Conclusion : As a result of statistical analysis for four variables, it was improved that there are the improved effect for obesity because GGEx16 is statistically meaningful better than prior to taking.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.178-185
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to measure distribution of clothing pressure on breast in brassiere according to body shape and motion, and the position of hook-and-eye on brassiere, and to get basic data for comfortable brassiere design. Clothing pressure was measured from 8 female subjects under wearing trials in climatic chamber. When brassiere was tied together with inner or outer hook-and-eye, clothing pressure under the condition were 10.2 and 9.6 gf/cm², respectively. With the degree between main body and arms increased from 0° to 45° and 90°to the front, clothing pressure decreased from 10.2 to 9.6 gf/cm², and then increased to 10.4 gf/cm² When the decree was increased from 45° to 70° to the flank, the pressure increased from 9.3 to 10.6 gf/cm². Fat body shape recorded 10.8 gf/cm², and lean body shape recorded 9.5 gf/cm² of clothing pressure by wearing brassiere. Clothing pressures of brassiere were 7.8g gf/cm² in front, 9.5 gf/cm² in side, 12.8 gf/cm² in the back side. Therefore, clothing pressure of brassiere was influenced to the greater extent by body shape and measuring points on human body than by the position of hook-and-eye and body motion.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.374-381
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• 2010

This study was performed to examine the diet effect of green coffee bean extract on body fat reduction. Overweight/obese women (body mass index > $23\;kg/m^2$ or body fat > 27%) who were not diagnosed any type of disease were included in this study and subjects were randomly assigned to green coffee bean extract group (n = 23) or placebo group (n = 20). We measured anthropometric parameters, abdominal fat distribution by computed tomography and blood components before and after the 8-weeks intervention period. After supplementation, green coffee bean extract group showed a significant reduction of body weight (p < 0.01), body fat percent (p < 0.01), total fat area at L1 vertebra (-4.8%, p < 0.05) and visceral fat area at L4 vertebra was(-4.7%, p < 0.05). In addition, total fat area and visceral fat area at L1 vertebra decreased significantly in green coffee bean extract group compared with placebo group (p < 0.05, p < 0.05 respectively). The result of present study demonstrated that the supplementation of green coffee bean extract for 8 weeks can give beneficial effects on body fat reduction and visceral fat accumulation.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.421-430
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• 2002

This study was performed to investigate the influence of dietary and extract foods from A. capilliaris Thunberg on plasma and liver lipid metabolism in male Sprague-Dawley rats. For the experiment of liver and plasma lipid metabolism, Rats were find diets containing normal concentrations of fat or high concentrations of lard and two different preparations of A. capillaris Thunberg ; control diet (group C),50 mg/kg body weight A. capillary Thunberg methanol extract (group M), 6 g/kg diet A. capillary Thunberg dried powder (group P), high lard control diet (group L), 50 mg/kg body weight A. capillaris Thunberg with high lard (group LM) and 6 g/kg diet A. capillary Thunberg with hi\ulcorner lard (group LP). Effects of A. capillary Thunberg on plasma total cholesterol. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, Atherogenic index, triglyceride, plasma and liver peroxide contents, fatty acid composition of liver lipid and the distribution of fat droplets of liver. Supplementation of A. capillaris Thunberg resulted in lower plasma cholesterol, atherogenic index and triglyceride, and higher HDL-cholesterol in rats find high lard diets. However, these effects were not observed with low level of fat (groups C, M and P). A shift caused by feeding high lard diets in increased plasma and liver peroxides, saturated fatty arid composition of liver lipid and the more frequent distribution of fat droplets in liver could be reversed by feeding A. capillary Thunberg. This study suggests that A. capillary Thunberg co alter lipid metabolism in plasma and liver.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.358-368
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to compare the validity of obesity indices among the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and body fat percentage (BF%), and to determine which is the most useful index to predict the risk of chronic diseases of elderly people. This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study at welfare centers in Seoul. The total number of subjects was 261 (68 men and 193 women) with age ${\geq}60$ years. The distribution of obesity using 3 obesity indices in the subjects with hypertension, diabetes, or arthritis was BF%>WC>BMI in elderly men and WC>BF%>BMI in elderly women. In elderly women, odds ratios (ORs) for hypertension in BMI and WC quartiles were significantly increased in quartile 2 and 3 (p<0.05). The ORs for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and arthritis in BF% quartiles were significantly increased in quartile 3 and 4 (p<0.05). The BF% was sensitive obesity index for predicting the occurrence of chronic disease in men, and the WC was sensitive index in women. Our results suggested maintaining BMI less than $23.5kg/m^2$, WC less than 82 cm, and BF less than 35% in order to prevent chronic diseases in elderly women.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.121-127
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• 1998

Thirty two Omani sheep with eight animals each of; intact males (INT), males castrated with rubber rings immediately after birth (RR), males castrated with a burdizzo at 8 weeks of age (BC) and intact females (IF) were fed ad libitum a concentrate diet (CP 16%) plus chopped Rhodesgrass hay (8% CP) from weaning until slaughter at 28 kg. INT lambs grew faster from 9 to 20 weeks of age (p < 0.05) thus they were significantly heavier at 20 weeks of age than BC and IF, but not RR lambs. INT consumed more total feed than other sex groups over the period from 9 to 20 weeks of age. There were no significant differences between lambs of all experimental groups in feed per gain ratio. INT lambs had lower (p < 0.01) dressing percentage (DP) than RR, BC and IF. As a percentage in the empty body weight (EBW), INT had higher proportions of head, feet, empty gut (p < 0.001), liver (p < 0.05) and genitals (p < 0.05) but lower proportions of lungs and trachea (p < 0.05) than BC and IF lambs. INT males had a significantly higher (p < 0.05) proportion of bone than RR and IF lambs but lower (p < 0.05) proportion of fat than RR and IF. As a percentage in EBW, IF had the highest protortion (p < 0.001) of total body fat (TBF) followed by BC and RR whereas INT males had the lowest proportion. There was a general trend of IF having the highest proportion of individual and total non-carcass fat (TNCF) and total carcass fat (TCF) followed by BC and RR lambs whereas INT lambs had the lowest protortions of individual carcass and non-carcass fat depots. There were only few sex or castration effects on carcass tissue distribution. IF had higher proportions of intermuscular fat in the chuck, plate, leg and flank than INT and BC. The current study demonstrated that castration of intensively-raised male Omani native sheep especially at weaning using a burdizzo retarded growth rate and reduced carcass quality by increasing fat content.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.103-110
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect and adverse events of Gamiwolbigachul-tang on the changes of body composition and musculoskeletal pain in overweight patients. Methods : A total of 28 patients with overweight patients who were complaining musculoskeletal pain were treated with Gamiwolbigachul-tang more than 4 weeks between January 2011 and August 2011 in Kyung Hee University Oriental Medical Hospital were observed. We have evaluated the efficacy of treatments by measuring the changes of body composition (Body weight, Body mass index, Skeletal muscle mass, Body fat mass and Waist hip ratio) and musculoskeletal pain. The 28 patients were analyzed according to the distribution of sex, age, body compostition and musculoskeletal pain. Results : 1. There were statistically significant changes on Body weight and BMI in 28 patients after 4 weeks of treatment. 2. Gamiwolbigachul-tang had effect on reducing Body fat mass rather than Fat free mass. 3. There were statistically significant changes on musculoskeletal pains such as lower back pain, knee pain after treatment. 4. There were few side effects except those common complications such as insomnia(3 patients), palpitation(2 patients) and indigestion(1 patients), which did not have effects on everyday living. Conclusions : These results suggest that Gamiwolbigachul-tang will be beneficial for overweight patients with musculoskeletal pain, having both effectiveness and safety.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.87-91
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• 2001

We conducted this study to analyze the effectiveness of a treatment called 12-week therapeutic recreation dance movement (TRDM) to elderly people in terms of health care and recovery. Forty two elderly people were participated in this study and divided into two groups with healthy (twelve) and unhealthy (thirty). After TRDM treatment, the muscular power was increased in both groups without statistical significance within and between groups. The flexibility, agility and balance were slightly increased in both groups. Although the elevation of muscular endurance was not significant between groups, it was statistically meaningful within groups. The results of body composition comparison did not reveal meaningful difference within and between groups. However, the amount of fat in serum and fat distribution percentages ware decreased in both groups. Both group appeared to be increased muscle mass. The level of body water was decreased in healthy group and increased in unhealthy group. Unhealthy group appeared to be decreased level of T-C, TG and LDL-C. In contrast, the unhealthy group revealed the increased level of HDL-C. These results demonstrate the effect of TRDM to elderly people. This effectiveness can be adapted for the protection and treatment of geriatics-related adult diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.16-25
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• 2009

Objectives: This study was designed to analyze the results of body composition test by Oriental medical examination. The subjects were workers in the automobile manufacturing industry. Methods: The subjects consisted of 24,077 industrial workers who had received Oriental medical examination and completed questionnaires about drinking history and smoking history, during 9 months from March to November. They were categorized by sex, age, job class, drinking history and smoking history. The percentage of body fat(%BF) and abdominal obesity(AO) were measured by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (Jawon Medical, Seoul, Korea). We analyzed the relationship between sex, age, job class, drinking history, smoking history and %BF and AO using x$^2$-test of the SPSS Ver. 14.0. Results: Regarding the relationship between sex and %BF, AO, there was statistically significant difference as men had a significant higher level of %BF and AO than women. There was a positive correlation between age and both %BF and AO. Workers in their 40s especially showed a high level of AO. In job class, office workers and sales personnel were apt to have a higher level of %BF and AO than factory workers. %BF and AO of the drinker group showed a higher level than the non-drinker group. On the other hand, %BF and AO of the non-smoker group were higher than those of the smoker group. Conclusions: Companies should manage obesity closely and educate the workers to quit smoking for their health promotion. Furthermore, continuous health checkups need to be done systematically.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.239-245
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• 2017

In the current study, the relationships between abdominal adipose tissue depots and skinfold thickness, body circumference and composition, and blood lipids and pressure were investigated in adolescent obese man. Total abdominal adipose tissue (TAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were correlated with skinfold thickness. Especially subscapular skinfold was highly correlated with TAT and SAT, and it was found that chest skinfold was the only predictor for estimating visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Body circumference and body composition were associated with TAT and SAT, not VAT, and correlation coefficient of waist circumference was highest. On the other hand, body fat mass was highly correlated with TAT and SAT than %body fat and fat free mass. It was also shown that blood triglyceride concentration and systolic blood pressure were the only predictor for estimating VAT and SAT respectively.