• Title/Summary/Keyword: Body compositions

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The Effects of Resistance and Aerobic Exercise on Gait Ability, Physical Fitness, and Body Composition in Older Women (저항운동과 유산소운동이 여성노인의 보행능력, 체력 및 신체구성에 미치는 효과)

  • Byun, Jaechul
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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    • v.6 no.3
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    • pp.103-112
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    • 2018
  • Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determined the effects of resistance and aerobic exercise on gait ability, physical fitness and body compositions in older women. Method : The subjects were 24 older women who were randomly divided into two groups (resistance exercise, n=12, and aerobic exercise, n=12). They 65~80 years old. The subjects done the Gym-ball, Togu, and senior dance exercise three times per week-for 70 minutes each time for 16 weeks. Body compositions, physical fitness, and gait ability were measured in this study. Result : There were significantly improved the walk performance after exercise training for 16 weeks. In particular, it was more effective on resistance exercise training in older women. There were significant differences in muscle endurance, flexibility, balance, body weight, percent of body fat, and body mass index (BMI) after the exercise program. Conclusion : It was more effective improved on muscle endurance, flexibility, and balance performance after resistance exercise program than an aerobic exercise program in older women.

The Converge Effects of Long-term Weight-bearing Exercise on Lumbar, Femur Neck BMD and Body Compositions in Person with Intellectual Disabilities and Normal Men (지적장애와 일반인 남성의 장기간 체중부하운동 참여가 요추와 대퇴골경부 골밀도 및 신체구성에 미치는 융합적 효과)

  • Byun, Jae-Chul
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.101-107
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    • 2016
  • The purpose of this study was to determined the converge effects of weight-bearing exercise on lumbar, femur neck BMD and body compositions in intellectual disabilities and normal men. Nineteen men were participated for this study, they are divided into two groups(intellectual disabilities, n=9, and normal men, n=10). All subjects are accomplished on weight-bearing exercise (music rope-jumping) program for 60 minutes a day, 3 days a week throughout 12 weeks. Two-way ANOVA with repeated measures was used to determine differences between and within the intellectual and normal groups for dependent variables. The statistically significant level was set at 0.05. In this study, there were a significant differences on the bone mineral density of lumbar and femur neck level after exercise training in both groups (respectively p<.01, p<.001). Also, I found that there were effectively decreased on body weight, percent of body fat, and BMI levels after exercise training for 12 weeks in both groups (respectively p<.001). Therefore, music rope-jump exercise program may suggested to be one of the ideal training methods for enhancing and the convergence positive effect of bone mineral density and body compositions in intellectual and normal person.

The Effects of Aronia Extract on Body Weight and Body Fat: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial (체지방에 대한 아로니아 추출물의 효과: 무작위배정, 이중눈가림, 위약-대조 임상연구)

  • Ha, Ki Chan;Park, Yu Kyung;Baek, Hyang Im;Kim, Hye Mi;Kim, Young Mi;Jeong, Da Young;Shin, Sang Wook;Bae, Jung Shik;An, Ji Hye;Jeon, Yeon Jeong;Park, Ji Eun;Kwon, Young Dal
    • Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.105-113
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    • 2020
  • Objectives Excess weight and obesity are a crucial public health problem worldwide and are considered as the main cause of many chronic diseases. The present study evaluated the effects of Aronia melanocarpa extract (AMEX) supplementation on body compositions in overweight or obese people. Methods This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out on 66 healthy overweight or obese peoples. The eligible subjects were divided into AMEX and placebo supplement treatment for 12 weeks. Anthropometrics, body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), and blood analysis were performed preand post intervention. Results We observed significant reductions in the body weight and body mass index in both groups; however, the decrease was higher in the AMEX group. Body fat mass and percent body fat showed a tendency to decreases after AMEX supplementation. No clinically significant changes were observed for any safety parameter. Conclusions In conclusion, the data of this trial indicate that AMEX were not effective in reducing body compositions, but as a safe supplement, it may help weight loss in overweight or obese people.

Predicting body compositions of live finishing pigs based on bioelectrical impedance analysis

  • An, Ji Seon;Lee, Ji Hwan;Song, Min Ho;Yun, Won;Oh, Han Jin;Kim, Yong Ju;Lee, Jun Soeng;Kim, Hyeun Bum;Cho, Jin Ho
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.63 no.2
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    • pp.332-338
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    • 2021
  • The objective of this study was to predict body compositions of live pigs using bioelectrical impedance procedures. In experiment 1, 32 crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) finishing pigs with an average weight at 84.06 kg were used. In experiment 2, 96 crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) finishing pigs with an average weight at 88.8 kg were used. A four-terminal body composition analyser was utilized to determine fat percentage. Lean meat percentage and backfat thickness were measured with a lean meat measuring meter. In experiment 1, fat percentage was not significantly correlated with lean meat percentage, although a tendency (p < 0.1) of a negative correlation was found. Backfat thickness was significantly correlated with fat percentage and lean meat percentage (r = 0.745 and r = -0.961, respectively). Coefficients of determination for fat percentage with lean meat percentage, fat percentage with backfat thickness, and backfat thickness with lean meat percentage were 0.503, 0.566, and 0.923, respectively. In experiment 2, fat percentage was significantly correlated with lean meat percentage (r = -0.972). Backfat thickness was also significantly correlated with fat percentage and lean meat percentage (r = 0.935 and r = -0.957, respectively). Results of this study indicate that bioelectrical impedance analysis might be useful for predicting body compositions of live finishing pigs.

A Study on the Development of Fast Firing Wall Tile Body (I) (Tremolitic Talc-Wollastonite-Clay System) (신속소성 벽타일 소지의 개발에 관한 연구(제1보 투각섬석질 골석일-규회석- 점토계))

  • Ahn, Young-Pil;Choi, Long;Hwang, Jung-Gil;Kim, Kurn-Kook
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.31-38
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    • 1976
  • Korean tremoitic talc, wollastonite and clay have been used to develop a wall tile body to appropriate to the fast firing process. Some of ceramic properties of the raw materials were investigated by X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis and chemical analysis. The body compositions were formulated from the range of 35~75% tremolitic talc, 0~30% wollastonite and 25~35% plastic clay. Thermal gravity analysis and thermal expansion were tested for each of unfired bodies to study the correlation between thermal dehydration and linear shrinkage during the firing procedure. Linear shrinkage and water absorption of the fired bodies at the various temperature were taken as a measures for determining the proper firing range of the bodies. Increasing the content of wollastonite and firing temperature, the thermal expansion of the fired body showed the gradual decrease, and the thermal expansion curves showed a tendency to straighten. These observations may be resulted from the fact that the amounts of diopside and anorthite formed were gradually increased and those of quartz relatively decreased. The optimum compositions of the wall tile bodies for fast firing are 30% clay, 10~20% wollastonite and 50~60% tremolitic talc.

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Effects of Dietary Energy Intake Levels on Growth Performance and Body Composition of Finishing Barrows and Gilts

  • Cho, Sung Back;Kim, Dong Woon;Baek, Kyung Hoon;Lee, Byong Seak;Chung, Il Byung;Chung, Wan Tae;Choi, Nag-Jin
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.21 no.10
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    • pp.1516-1521
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    • 2008
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different energy intake on physical and chemical composition in body fractions, growth performance and meat characteristics of finishing barrows and gilts. A total of twenty six crossbred (Landrace$\times$Yorkshire) consisting of 16 barrows and 13 gilts were used in this study. The animals were allocated by sex to two treatments to form a $2\times2$ factorial arrangement. The respective factors were sex (barrow and gilt) and dietary energy intake (1.8 and 3.0 times energy for maintenance). Pigs were kept in individual pens and had ad libitum access to feed and water from the start of the experiment at $52.4{\pm}1.9kg$ until they reached $109.9{\pm}4.4kg$ live weight. The growth performance, physical composition and meat characteristics of finishing pigs were not greatly affected by the sex. However, higher fat tissue weight in the carcass was observed in barrows compared with gilts (p<0.05). Higher proportions of water and protein (p<0.05), and lower lipid proportion (p<0.01) in the empty body and carcass were observed in gilts compared with barrows, while protein proportion in lean tissue was not affected by the sex. In fat tissue, only protein proportion was higher in gilts compared with barrows (p<0.05). Although, growth performance, physical and chemical compositions in body fractions were greatly affected, final body or carcass weight was partly affected by the energy intake In addition, loin characteristics such as shear force and loin eye area were partly influenced by energy intake levels. Therefore, the present results showed that growth performance and meat characteristics were not influenced but chemical body composition was greatly influenced by the sex. Growth performance, physical and chemical compositions in body fractions were greatly affected, whereas meat characteristics were partly affected by the energy intake levels.

A Study on Composition and Firing Temperature of Bone China Body (골회자기의 소지 및 소성과정에 관한 연구)

  • 이응상;이성희
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.67-72
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    • 1989
  • In order to define the composition range of bone china body with use of calcium phosphate, kaolin, quartz and feldspar as raw materials, we varied calcium phosphate from 40 to 55wt/o and selected basic composition by the change of raw materials in ternary system. After these bodies were fired at 120$0^{\circ}C$, 123$0^{\circ}C$, 125$0^{\circ}C$ and 128$0^{\circ}C$ their properties were closely tested to determine the compositions and firing conditions of bone china body.

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Second to Fourth Digit Ratio and Sexually Dimorphic Body Composition (손가락 길이 비율과 남녀 체형과의 상관성)

  • Park, Jung-Hyun;Song, Mi-Young;Kim, Ho-Jun;Lee, Myeong-Jong
    • Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.41-48
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    • 2010
  • Background The length of the second digit (the index finger) relative to the length of the fourth digit (the ring finger) is sexually dimorphic as males have a lower second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D). There is evidence that sex differences in 2D:4D arise from in utero concentrations of sex steroids, with a low 2D:4D (male typical ratio) being positively related to prenatal testosterone, while a high 2D:4D (female typical ratio) is positively associated with prenatal oestrogen Objective To investigate possible associations between 2D:4D ratio and sexually dimorphic body composition Methods 2D:4D ratio, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-hip ratio (WHR), weight, and body fat percentage was measured from 46 men and 20 women Results Digit ratio was found to be significantly lower in men than in women. No significant correlation between 2D:4D ratio and body compositions was found for both men and women while digit ratio in obese men was significantly higher than normal weight men. Conclusion This finding dose not support the significant correlation between digit ratio and sexually dimorphic body composition. However digit ratio in obese men was significantly higher than normal weight men.

User Recognition Method using Human Body Impulse Response Signals (인체의 임펄스 응답 신호를 이용한 사용자 인식 방법)

  • Park, Beom-Su;Kang, Eun-Jung;Kang, Taewook;Lee, Jae-Jin;Kim, Seong-Eun
    • Journal of IKEEE
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.120-126
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    • 2020
  • We present a user recognition method using human body impulse response signals. The body compositions vary from person to person depending on the portion of water, muscle, and fat. In the body communication study, the body has been interpreted circuit models using capacitance and resistances, and its characteristics are determined by the body compositions. Therefore, the individual body channel is unique and can be used for user recognition. In this paper, we applied pseudo impulse signals to the left hand and recorded received signals from the right hand. The empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method removed noise from the received signals and 10 peak values are extracted. We set the differences between peak amplitudes as a key feature to identify individuals. We collected data from 6 subjects and achieved accuracy of 97.71% for the user recognition application.

Differences in dietary intakes, body compositions, and biochemical indices between metabolically healthy and metabolically abnormal obese Korean women

  • Kang, Eun Yeong;Yim, Jung-Eun
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.13 no.6
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    • pp.488-497
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    • 2019
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: There are various factors that affect metabolic abnormalities related to obesity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences in dietary intakes and body compositions of obese women according to metabolic risks and to classify them as metabolically healthy obese (MHO) or metabolically abnormal obese (MAO). SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study was conducted on 59 obese Korean women aged 19 to 60 years. NCEP-ATPIII criteria were applied and the women classified as MHO (n = 45) or MAO (n = 14). Body composition of each subject was measured by using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Three-day food records were used to analyze dietary intake. Eating habits and health-related behaviors were determined through questionnaires. Indirect calorimetry was used to measure resting metabolic rate and respiratory rate. RESULTS: The average age of the subjects was 43.7 years. The analysis of body composition according to phenotype revealed significantly higher body fat mass (P < 0.05), arm fat mass (P < 0.05), and android fat mass (P < 0.05), as measured by DEXA, in the MAO group than in the MHO group. There was no significant difference in the dietary intake of the two groups. However, eating behaviors differed. Compared to the MHO group, the MAO women had a shorter meal time (less than 10 minutes), a preference of oily foods, and a tendency to eat until full. Therefore, the eating habits of MHO women were more positive than those of MAO women. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that fat distribution in each body region affects various metabolic abnormalities. A high level of arm fat mass in obese Korean women may increase metabolic risk. In addition, eating habits of obese Korean women are considered to be environmental factors affecting the metabolic phenotype of obese Korean women.