• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1973

I. Subject of the Study: Studies on the economical nutrition supplement of cereal foods for the improvement in our notional eating habits. II. Purpose and Importance of the Study: 1. Our nation is confronted with the situation that the rice, a principal food, short of some essential amino acids, lysine and threonine, leads to imbalanced meals insufficient in the nutrient of protein, to bring many difficulties in the elevation of our national physique. 2. The shortage of even the rice imperfect in the nutrient of protein makes the import of lots of foreign rice inevitable. It is considered that the protein supplement and decrease in the consumption amount, of rice, is a serious key to the solution of our food difficulty, and then a way of the proetin supplement of rice through the addition of essential amino acid is to be rarely applied in the view of the our present finance and situation. 3. In the present experiment, therefore, it aims to the suggestion of an aspect of the improvement in our national eating habits guiding in the nutrition elevation which our nation can afford economically through the development of first, a way of the protein supplement by the mixture of cereals producted plentifully in our country, and second, a way of the decrease in the consumption amount and the improvement in the nutrition of rice through the substitution of the other cereals for rice. III. Contents of Scope of the Study: 1. Objects of the study: Objects of the study are the following three items; a) The nutrition supplement of rice through the mixture of cereals. Our nation makes mainly rice as a principal food, but practically many kinds of cereal are produced in our country. They contain different levels and qualities of each nutrient and they are different from one another in the kinds of essential amino acid consisting protein. For that reason, the mutual complement efficeincy of insufficient nutrients is observed through the mixture of cereals. b) The nutrition supplement of rice through the addition of superior protein sources to rice, a principal food. The development of rice as superior foods in the sense of nutrition is conducted through the risement in protein quality by the addition of protein sources in good quality, for example, fish flour (anchovy flour), egg powder, milk powder, and so on, and through the supplement of vitamins and minerals. c) The decrease in the consumption amount of rice through the substitution of the other cereals for rice, as a principal food. The compensation for the short amount of rice is made by the reduction in the consumption of rice through the discovery of a way of substitution of the other cereals for rice, as a principal food and of the settlement of problems in nutrition and finance subsequent to this. 2. Contents of the study: a) An ideal mixture-ratio of cereals is established for rats by feeding mixed foods(rice-barely or rice-wheat) containing 5%, 15%, 25%, 35% and 45% level of either barely or wheat. b) The nutritive value is determined in the whole subsititution of other foods for rice, and then, a way of the complement of over and under nutrients is devised. c) The ideal combination is investigated for rats through feeding mixed foods of main food, rice and supplement foods of protein sources, soy bean, fish flour, egg powder and milk Powder. d) According to results from the above three experiments, the concise functional test for men and the examination of economical property are made. 3. Scope of the study: a) The observation of the effect of each diet on the growth rate for rats. The growth rate of rats was observed for 15 groups of mixed foods of a main food, rice, and wheat flour, barley powder or soy bean powder, respectively, and 12 groups of wheat flour diets supplemented with $1{\sim}3%$ milk powder, and rice or wheat flour diets supplemented with 5% of milk powder, egg powder, fish flour or soy bean powder, respectively. b) The determination of food consumption. The food consumption was determined at weekly intervals for 27 kinds of diet described in a) item. c) The determination of food efficiency rate. The food efficiency rate for each diet was determined by calculation from the gained body weight and the food consumption amount at the same intervals described in b) item. d) The determination of protein efficiency rate. The protein efficiency rate for each diet was determined by calculation form gained body weight and the protein amount of the food consumption amount at the same intervals described c) item. e) The determination of the body component. The hematocrite and hemoglobin levels in the blood, total nitrogen in the serum, blood sugar, and lipids and glycogen in the liver were determined. f) The observation of nitrogen balance. As a means of the observation of nitrogen balance, the total nitrogen in the urine was determined. g) The analysis of economical property. The economical property was analyzed as the gained body weight to the amount equivalent to one won through the conversion of the food consumption amount into money. h) The functional test for men. The concise functional test for men was made in order to establish if the best diet for experimental animals can be applied to men. IV. Results of the Study: The national food product plan, nationwide nutritive enlightment and the improvement activities in our country eating habits, especially, mixed and powder food problems are to be significantly referred, and the following results must be applied. a) In the mixed foods of cereals, the mixed food of the rice-barley containing $5{\sim}15%$ level of barley is best in terms of nutrition. b) The addition of superior protein sources, egg, Bilk, soy bean, or fish, respectively to either rice or wheat flour makes a great risement in the nutritive value. c) The animal protein is more effective in the elevation of nutritive value of cereals. d) Rice takes the most nutritive operation and has the highest preference, among rice, wheat flour and barley. e) Wheat flour is more economical than rice in evaluation of the gained body weight to the regular money, and the addition of fish or soy bean is more economical than that of any other supplement food. But the above results are true of the range of nutrition and economical property. f) The study on the nutrition composition and barley will lead to the improvement in our national eating habits as mixed food of the rice-barley containing $5{\sim}15%$ level of barley is more nutritive. g) This study on the nutrition only for the growing animal can not be considered as a perfect and entire evaluation. Consequently, the perfect data for our national nutrition can be obtained from the experiment similar to this for the much longer period examining, in details, the growth rate, change of physical strength, mental and bodily change, average life span, and resistance ability to infectious diseases.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2007

200 두의 한우 거세우를 이용한 비교도체 시험에서 얻어진 자료로부터 유지를 위한 정미에너지 요구량(Net energy requirements for growth, NEg) 및 단백질 요구량(Net protein requirements for growth, NPg) 산출식을 도출하기 위해 본 실험을 수행하였다. 공시축은 6개월령에서 8두를 무작위 선발하여 도축하였고, 나머지 192두는 2개 처리에 임의 배치하였다. 농후사료 제한 급여구는 6～12개월령에 체중의 1.2～1.5%, 13～18개월령에는 체중의 1.7～1.8%로 제한 급여하였고, 19～30개월령에는 자유채식시켰다. 무제한 급여구는 6개월령부터 30개월령까지 전 사육기간 농후사료를 자유채식시켰다. 두 처리 모두 조사료는 볏짚을 자유채식시켰다. 8개월령부터 각 처리 8두씩 무작위 선발하여 2개월 간격으로 30개월령까지 도축하였다. 모든 조직 부위의 중량을 측정한 후, 일정비율의 시료를 채취하여 0～5℃ 상태로 실험실로 운반하여 단백질 및 지방 그리고 bomb caloriemeter로 calorie를 측정하였다. NEg와 NPg 요구량 산출 회귀식은 일본 육우사양표준(農林水産技術會議事務局, 2000)의 회귀식과 같은 변수로 구성되었고, NEg 산출식은 농후사료 제한 급여구에서 NEg = 0.05332×LBW0.75×DG 그리고 무제한 급여구에서 NEg=0.04912×LBW0.75×DG으로 결정되었다. NPg 요구량은 농후사료 제한 급여구는 NPg=DG×(224.7－0.251×LBW), 무제한 급여구는 NPg=DG×(210.1－0.214×LBW)로 결정되었다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.199-209
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• 2003

연구배경 : 만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자의 체중감소는 질환의 자연경과로 조직의 산소소모량을 최소로 유지하기 위한 일종의 신체적응과정으로 이해하였다. 그러나 만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자의 체중감소가 에너지대사량 증가와 관계 있고, 체중감소가 심한 환자들은 폐기능의 감소정도와 상관없이 이환율과 사망률이 증가한다는 연구결과가 보고된 후, 영양학적인 부분에 대하여 관심을 가지게 되었다. 저자들은 만성폐쇄성폐질환자 중 만성기관지염 환자와 폐기종 환자의 폐기능과 체성분을 측정하여 혈중 leptin농도 및 $TNF-{\alpha}$ system 과의 관계를 비교하여, 체중감소와의 관계를 알아보았다. 방 법 : 미국흉부학회의 진단기준에 따라 1초간 노력성 호기량이 예측치의 80% 미만이고, 노력성 폐활량에 대한 1초간 노력성 호기량의 비 ($FEV_1$/FVC)가 70% 미만인 41명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. Kco가 60미만인 경우를 폐기종으로, 80이상인 경우를 만성기관지염으로 분류하였으며, 체성분 분석, 및 혈중 leptin농도, 그리고 $TNF-{\alpha}$ system의 활성도를 측정하였다. 결 과 : 만성기관지염 환자 및 폐기종 환자의 혈중 leptin농도는 각각 $1378.1{\pm}428.3pg/ml/kg$, $947.0{\pm}441.0pg/ml/kg$로 만성기관지염 환자가 유의하게 높았으며, 이들 값을 체지방량으로 교정하였을 때도 $180.9{\pm}57.7pg/ml/kg$, $108.5{\pm}39.4pg/ml/kg$로 만성기관지염 환자가 유의하게 높았다 (p<0.05). 혈중 $TNF-{\alpha}$ system 은 $TNF-{\alpha}$, sTNF-R75는 양 군에서 차이가 없었으나, sTNF-R55는 폐기종 환자군에서 $920.4{\pm}116.4pg/ml$로 만성기관지염 환자보다 유의하게 높았다 (p<0.05). 혈중 leptin농도는 체지방량 및 체질량지수와 상관관계가 있었으며, sTNF-R55는 체지방량이나 체질량지수와 관계가 없었다. 또한 sTNF-R55의 활성도는 혈중 leptin농도와도 무관하였다. 결 론 : 만성기관지염에 비하여 체중감소가 심한 폐기종의 체중감소에는 혈중 leptin보다는 $TNF-{\alpha}$ system이 관계할 것으로 생각되며, $TNF-{\alpha}$ system은 혈중 leptin와는 무관하게 작용할 것으로 생각한다. 그러나 앞으로 이에 대하여 더 많은 환자를 대상으로 한 연구가 있어야 하겠으며, 만성폐쇄성폐질환자의 체중변화에 영향을 줄 수 있는 영양섭취, 운동량, 안정시 에너지소모량 및 다른 사이토카인 등과의 관계에 대한 연구도 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.42-62
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• 2003

Subjects : We tried to analysis dermatosurgical prescriptions including 477 WonBang(元方) prescriptions for SangJungHaTong(上中下統) introduced by HwangDoYeon(黃道淵). Methods : Prescriptions in BangYakHapPyun(方藥合編) is generally categorized into SangTong(上統), JungTong(中統), HaTong(下統) which are called PoJe(補劑), HwaJe(和劑), KongJe(功劑) respectively. This study classified and analyzed major diseases and symptoms appeared in dermatosurgical prescription and composition of medicine, as well as in BangYakHapPyun(方藥合編). Results and conclusions : The results of examining dermatosurgical prescriptions in WonBang(元方) of SangJungHaTong(上中下統) in BangYakHapPyun(方藥合編) are as follows; 1. The proportion of dematosurgical prescriptions was SangTong(上統) $\frac{10}{126}$(7.9$\%$). JungTong(中統) $\frac{22}{181}$(12.1$\%$), and HaTong(下統) $\frac{16}{163}$(9.8$\%$), which means that JungTong(中統)(HwaJe 和劑) takes up relatively the largest portion. 2. As for SangTong(上統), upper level herbs used in medicine are Glycyrrhiza uralensis(甘草), Paeonia japonica(白芍藥), Angelica gigas(當歸). Astragalus membranaceus(황기). Ginseng(人蔘), Poria cocos(복령), Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma(白朮). Cinnamon(肉桂), Rehmaniniae radix preparat(熱地黃). And these herbs are the components of Sipjundaebo-tang(十全大補湯), one of the most well-known medicine for weak energy and blood(補氣血). 3. As for JungTong(中統), in addition to medicine for weak energy and blood. Ledebouriella seseloides(防風) that removes ill elements on skin surface and Pung(風) called "wind". Limonium tetragonum(桔梗) that eliminates discharges and sputum, Angelica dahurica(白芷) that removes discharge and suppress tumor are applied. Other herbs are Ostericum koreanum(羌活). Skullcap(황령),Schizonepeta tenuifolia(荊芥), Aurantii fructus(地殼), Cimicifuga heracleifolia(升麻), Bupleurum falcatum(柴胡), Lonicerae flos(金銀花). These herbs are more effective for wind-calming treatment. cooling down fever, clearing skin irritation, detoxication. removal of tumor and discharge than replenishing energy and blood. 4. As for HaTong(下統), Angelica gigas(當歸) and Ledebouriella seseloides(防風), the two major herbs for SangTong(上統) and JungTong(中統), are mostly used. In addition, Skullcap(黃芩), Gardenia jasminoides(梔子), Eisenia bicyclis(大黃) are other major components and their key efficacy is to lower fever and KongHa(功下). 5. Herbs applied for SangTong(上統), JungTong(中統), and HaTong(下統) in large quantity are Glycyrrhiza uralensis(甘草) that harmoniously combine different herbal elements and Poria cocos(복령) that discharges humidity and watery elements out of body, removes humid and hot elements, and strengthen gastrointestinal system. Based on this, it is inferred that prescriptions for this study focus largely on treatment of humid and hot elements. In the composition of this prescription, Angelica gigas(當歸), Paeonia japonica(白芍藥), and Cnidium officinale(川芎) are taking up relatively large proportion, which are basic herbs for Samul-tang(四物湯). Therefore, it is incurred here that the concept of "replenishing blood" bears importance in dermatosurgical treatment. 6. As for herb medicines used for more than two types of prescriptions of SangTong(上統), JungTong(中統), and HaTong(下統), most of them are simultaneously used for SangTong(上統) and JungTong(中統), or for JungTong(中統), and HaTong(下統) except for Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma(白朮) and Gleditsia sinensis(조각자). This finding implies that prescription or treatment that are simultaneously applied are replenishing and harmonizing, or harmonizing and attacking while replenishing and attacking never go together.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2005

목 적 : 공작실에서 block을 제작할 때 중금속이 사용된다. 이때 발생하는 중금속 분진 및 발연(發煙)은 인체에 위해를 준다. 이러한 중금속의 측정과 분석을 통해 심각성을 인식한다. 또한 그에 따른 해결방안을 강구하는 것이 논문의 목적이다. 대상 및 방법 : 논문에 사용되는 기구는 유도 결합 플라즈마 방출분광기이며, 대전 시내 4개 대학병원 방사선 종양학과 공작실(비스무스, 납, 주석, 카드뮴)을 대상으로 하였다. 실험방법은 ppb 단위로 포집하여 비교 분석하고, 체내 및 혈중 중금속 기준치를 통한 공기 중 중금속의 기준치를 계산하며 중금속 임시 기준치를 설정하였다. 결 과 : 지하생활공간 공기 질 관리법에서 정해진 납과 카드뮴의 기준치(24시간 기준)는 $3{\mu}g/m^3$과 $2{\mu}g/m^3$이다. 그리고 비스무스와 주석은 체내 및 혈중 기준치와 다른 중금속 기준치를 통해 $7{\mu}g/m^3$과 $6{\mu}g/m^3$로 정하였다. 대전지역 4개 대학병원 공작실 내부 중금속 측정치를 작업 유무에 따라 비교한다. 비작업 시에는 측정치 대부분이 기준치 이하로 나왔다. 하지만 작업을 하고 있을 경우에는 높은 수치를 나타났다. 또한 차폐체의 구성 비율에 따른 검출 비율의 연관성도 보였다. 결 론 : 작업종사자의 중금속 오염 심각성에 대한 해결방법은 근본적인 부분에서 찾아야 한다. 병원에서는 국소 배기장치의 설치 및 주기적 성능 점검, 보호구 제공 등이 시행되어져야 한다. 또한 작업자는 지속적인 관심과 위생관리, 중금속 오염에 대한 부분을 인식해야 한다. 마지막으로 학회 차원에서 기준치 설정 및 주기적인 측정을 통해 지속적으로 관리를 해야 한다. 그리고 정기적인 특수건강진단의 실시와 같은 근본적인 해결방안을 찾아야겠다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.391-401
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• 2011

1. Objectives: Though the eating habits have improved and the living method has become convenient according to the economic growth thanks to the modern industrialization, because of the lack of exercise, obesity, wrong eating habits and stress etc, various symptoms of disease of adults are on the rise. This is the phenomenon that happens as the eating life has become life in the West along with the inundation of the western culture in our society. In this perspective, there has been many various clinical research that's been proceeded so far about the physical constitution and obesity, but there has been little research on the objective analysis of the clinical research about the alimentotherapy using taeeumjoweetang. 2. Methods: In this research we have checked the weights, fat rates, fat weight, abdominal fat rate, blood pressure, and BMI over the objects of the women that were diagnosed as lunisolar system as their physical constitution, and assessed the paramecium lipid, in-blood antioxidation enzyme and the damage of oxidization in the urine by physical constitution-specific of the body shapes that were determined by BMI. The statistical analysis of the current research was processed by using of SPSS 17.0 program. We have figure out statistical amounts such as the arithmetic average, average deviation rate and percentage number. Fro the verification of he significancy of each elements, we have used the paired t-test, ANOVA, Chi-square test at the level of p<0.05. 3. Results and Conclusions: Their characteristics are age $21.20{\pm}1.35$, height $160.30{\pm}6.11cm$, weight $64.66{\pm}8.72kg$, fat rates are $35.97{\pm}4.87%$, fat amount $23.40{\pm}5.48$, abdominal fat rate $0.823{\pm}0.03$, BMI $25.12{\pm}2.79kg/m^2$, and systolic blood pressure $111.60{\pm}10.28mmHg$ and diastolic blood pressure $68.60{\pm}7.43mmHg$ and we have let them take the medicine twice a day for 8 weeks. The clinical result for the Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, SGOT, SGPT, of the object people was that for the function of the liver, the result of the SGOT and SGPT test was $17.16{\pm}3.05$, $15.00{\pm}2.99IU/L$, which was a decrease, and had statistical meaning, but for the SGOT, though the figure reduced to $11.92{\pm}4.61$, $10.80{\pm}3.07$, it had no statistical meaning. For the whole cholesterol level, the figure reduced to $169.00{\pm}19.95$, $160.08{\pm}22.52$ mg/dL and had statistical significance(p<0.05). Neuter fat number, Triglyceride has slightly increased to $67.52{\pm}36.32$, $68.08{\pm}47.33$ mg/dL but did not have any statistical meaning. The antioxdant enzyme marker standard marker, SOD has increased to $2.52{\pm}0.73$, $2.86{\pm}0.60U/ml$, and had statistical significance(p<0.01). Catalase also increased by $0.63{\pm}0.18$, $1.07{\pm}0.25mmol/ml$ and had statistical meaning(p<0.01). GPx also increased to $204.76{\pm}32.64$ nmol/ml and had statistical meaning(p<0.01). But, for the Total antioxidant, though it has raised to $1.51{\pm}0.26$, $1.57{\pm}0.17nmol/{\mu}l$, it did not have any statistical meaning. MDA of oxidative stress marker has decreased to $1.70{\pm}0.68{\mu}g/ml$, $1.21{\pm}0.50{\mu}g/m$ and had statistical significance(p<0.01). 8-OHdG also decreased $3.35{\pm}0.95ng/ml$, $2.21{\pm}0.50ng/ml$ and had statistical meaning(p<0.01). In this research, we have analyzed the various markers relating to BFM and changes in oxidative enzyme in blood by takingtaeeumjoweetang. Taeeumjoweetang has the positive effect on inbody antioxidant system and reducing the content of cholesterol, which is proven to help losing weight and improving hyperlipidemia statistically. With this research, we hope to improve the lifestyle of those who are either obese or need to manage their dietary habits, and also to become the touchstone of integrating Oriental Medicine with the science of food & nutrition.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.346-354
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• 2002

연구배경: 만성폐쇄성질환은 호흡곤란과 신체활동능력저하가 특징이며, 이들 환자의 체중감소는 예후를 결정하는 중요한 인자로 알려져 있다. 이러한 사실은 체성분의 변화가 환자의 운동능력에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 요인으로 작용할수 있음을 의미한다. 저자들은 최대산소섭취량에 영향을 미치는 요소들을 분석하여, 체성분의 변화가 환자의 최대운동능력에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 대상 및 방법: 만성폐쇄성질환으로 입원한 83명(남자 63명, 여자 20명)을 대상으로 급성기 증상이 호전된 후 퇴원하기 직전 안정시 폐기능 및 체성분 분석, 그리고 운동부하심폐기능을 측정하여 최대산소섭취량에 영향을 미치는 요소를 분석하였다. 결 과: 만성폐쇄성질환자의 최대산소섭취량은 영양상태와 관계없이 감소하였으나, 영양결핍환자들의 최대산소섭취량 및 최대운동부하량, 그리고 최대산소맥압은 영양상태가 정상인 환자보다 훨씬 낮았다. 최대산소섭취량은 최대흡기압 (r=0.71), 최대호기압(r=0.68), 노력성 흡기폐활량(r=0.55), 그리고 폐확산능(r=0.53)과 상관관계가 있고(p<0.01), 체성분 가운데 제지방량(r=0.55), 체질량지수(r=0.47), 제지방지수(r=0.41)와 상관관계가 있었다(p<0.01). 최대산소섭취량과 상관관계가 있는 지표들을 단계적 회귀분석으로 확인한 결과 제지방량 (t=2.31, p<0.05), 노력성 흡입폐활량(t=3.22, p<0.01), 폐확산능(t=3.41, p<0.01)이 유의수준 5% 이내에서 통계적인 의미가 있었다. 이들 세 가지 지표만으로 회귀모델을 만들 경우 최대산소섭취량의 68.8%를 설명할 수 있었다($r^2=0.688$, p<0.05). 결 론: 만성폐쇄성폐질환자의 제지방량은 안정시 폐기능과 더불어 최대운동능력에 영향을 미치는 중요한 인자이며, 환자의 활동능력을 유지하기 위하여 근육량을 보존할 수 있는 치료적인 접근이 반드시 필요할 것으로 생각한다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.183-189
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• 2008

In this study, tests were conducted to investigate the effects of three dietary growth hormones, administered in various amounts, on the growth performance and lysozyme activity in juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Three dietary growth hormones, recombinant human growth hormone (rHGH), recombinant bovine somatotropin A (rBST A) and recombinant bovine somatotropin B (rBST B) were tested at three different supplemental levels (10, 20 or 40 mg/kg body weight per week) by a $3{\times}3$ factorial design and a complete randomized design in comparison to a control group. Fish were fed one of the ten experimental diets (control, $rHGH_{10}$, $rHGH_{20}$, $rHGH_{40}$, rBST $A_{10}$, rBST $A_{20}$, rBST $A_{40}$, rBST $B_{10}$, rBST $B_{20}$ and rBST $B_{40}$) for 6 weeks and afterward were analyzed for growth performance by measuring weight gain (WG), feed efficiency (FE), specific growth rate (SGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER). Based on the factorial design analysis, fish fed rHGH diets demonstrated significantly higher growth performance than fish fed rBST A or rBST B diets. However there were no significant differences in WG, FE, SGR and PER between fish fed rBST A and rBST B diets. Neither hormone level nor the interaction between the different hormones and their various levels had a significant effect on WG, FE, SGR, PER, lysozyme activity or whole-body proximate composition. A complete randomized design analysis confirmed fish fed $rHGH_{10}$, $rHGH_{20}$, $rHGH_{40}$, rBST $A_{10}$, rBST $A_{20}$, rBST $A_{40}$, rBST $B_{20}$ and rBST $B_{40}$ diets for 6 weeks showed higher WG than fish fed the control diet (P<0.05). A higher FE was observed in fish fed $rHGH_{10}$, $rHGH_{20}$, $rHGH_{40}$, rBST $A_{20}$ and rBST $A_{40}$ diets in comparison to fish fed the control diet. Fish fed all graded rHGH, rBST A and rBST B supplemented diets showed a higher SGR than fish fed the control diet. Regarding PER, fish fed $rHGH_{10}$, $rHGH_{20}$, $rHGH_{40}$, rBST $A_{10}$, rBST $A_{20}$, rBST $A_{40}$ and rBST $B_{20}$ diets were higher than fish fed the control diet. Furthermore, the lysozyme activity of fish fed a diet of $rHGH_{20}$ was significantly higher than that of fish fed any other diet. The results measuring the growth and development of the fish clearly suggest the biopotency of dietary rHGH could be higher than those of both dietary rBST A and rBST B. Further implied is the probability that within the range of 10 to 40 mg/kg BW/week the dietary growth hormones could accelerate growth performance, and that 20 mg rHGH/kg BW/week could possibly enhance lysozyme activity in juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.230-237
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• 2015

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Chronic gut inflammation is recognized as a risk factor for tumor development, including CRC. American ginseng is a very commonly used ginseng species in the West. Methods: A genetically engineered $Apc^{Min/+}$ mouse model was used in this study. We analyzed the saponin composition of American ginseng used in this project, and evaluated its effects on the progression of high-fat-diet-enhanced CRC carcinogenesis. Results: After oral ginseng administration (10-20 mg/kg/d for up to 32 wk), experimental data showed that, compared with the untreated mice, ginseng very significantly reduced tumor initiation and progression in both the small intestine (including the proximal end, middle end, and distal end) and the colon (all p < 0.01). This tumor number reduction was more obvious in those mice treated with a low dose of ginseng. The tumor multiplicity data were supported by body weight changes and gut tissue histology examinations. In addition, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that compared with the untreated group, ginseng very significantly reduced the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-$1{\alpha}$ (IL-$1{\alpha}$), IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in both the small intestine and the colon (all p < 0.01). Conclusion: Further studies are needed to link our observed effects to the actions of the gut microbiome in converting the parent ginsenosides to bioactive ginseng metabolites. Our data suggest that American ginseng may have potential value in CRC chemoprevention.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.574-585
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate effects of a potato byproduct on growth performance, blood metabolites, and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steers. The palm oil coated potato byproduct was supplemented to the diet of Hanwoo steers to estimate the effect on growth performance, blood metabolites, and carcass characteristics during the late fattening period. Thirteen steers with initial body weight of control ($676.8{\pm}31.7kg$), treatment 1 ($671.8{\pm}46.2kg$) and treatment 2 ($672.8{\pm}31.1kg$) were used for 60 days, respectively. Average daily gain of steers in treatment 2 and control was greater than that in treastment 1 (p > 0.05). All steers in treatment 2 had a grade quality grading system than B in meat quantity and had a meat quality higher than the $1^{st}$ grade. According to the physicochemical analysis of longissimus muscle, treatment 2 had high brightness resulting from high meat quality (p > 0.05), and a decrease in redness and yellowness is seen as a dilution effect due to muscle hypertrophy (p > 0.05). The fatty acid composition showed low levels of linoleic acid (p = 0.039) and arachidonic acid (p = 0.008) in treatment 2. This resulted in lower polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels (p = 0.034). On the other hand, high levels of oleic acid resulted in high levels of MUFA (p > 0.05). These results indicate that potato byproduct had similar effects with ${\beta}_2-adrenergic$ agonist (${\beta}_2-AA$). And there was no negative effect on the intramuscular fat. In conclusion, palm oil coated potato byproduct could be potentially used as an alternative growth enhancer.