• 제목/요약/키워드: Blue Economic Zone

검색결과 14건 처리시간 0.023초

An Empirical Study on the Export and Import Effects of Foreign Direct Investment on the Blue Economic Zone of the Shandong Peninsula in China

  • Lee, Sung-Joon;Zhai, Shuai
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.15-23
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    • 2013
  • Purpose - During a reform period lasting 30 years, the Blue Economic Zone (BEZ) in the Shandong Peninsula has made progress in attracting foreign investment, and has acquired the foreign direct investment (FDI) essential for economic growth. It is therefore important to conduct a proactive and systematic study of FDI in the BEZ. Research design, data, methodology - This dissertation discusses the contribution of FDI on economic growth, from both a theoretical and empirical perspective. Taking seven core cities for study, statistics and econometrics are used, and panel data are used to validate FDI contribution to import and export in the BEZ. Results- FDI was found to exert both positive and negative influences on the imports and exports of the BEZ. In other words, the research findings are consistent with Trade Generated and Inverse Trade Generated theories put forward by Kojima and Mundell, among other researchers mentioned earlier in this paper. Further, FDI has greatly increased imports and exports for the BEZ. Conclusions - According to the results of this empirical study on local investment environment optimization, FDI plays an important role in foreign trade. This dissertation puts forward recommendations on using FDI to better promote economic growth in the BEZ.

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경복궁 청기와에 사용된 납유의 화학조성과 납동위원소 특성연구 (Study on the Chemical Composition and Lead Isotope Ratios of Lead Glaze Used on Blue Tiles from Gyeoungbokgung Palace)

  • 김소진;김영도
    • 자원환경지질
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    • 제57권3호
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    • pp.343-352
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    • 2024
  • 경복궁 전각 청기와에 사용된 납유의 발색 원리와 용융제로 사용된 납의 산지를 확인하기 위해 성분 분석과 납동위원소비 분석을 실시했다. 청기와 31점을 녹색, 청색, 황색으로 구분하여 표면에 시유된 납유의 성분을 분석한 결과 Pb, Si, Cu가 주성분으로, Fe, Ca, Mg, Al 등이 미량으로 검출되었다. 청색 납유에서는 Cu의 함량이 높았으며 황색 또는 갈색의 납유에서는 Cu는 검출되지 않았고 Fe의 함량이 높게 나타났다. 따라서 납유의 제작에 용융제로 납을, 발색제로 산화동을 사용했음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 경복궁 청기와에 사용된 납유의 납동위원소비는 한반도 납동위원소비 분포도에서 충청도와 전라도를 포함하는 zone 3 영역에 도시되었으며, 납유의 용융제는 이들 지역에서 산출되는 방연석 등을 사용했을 것으로 추정된다. 삼국과 통일신라시대 녹유의 납동위원소비는 대부분 한반도를 벗어나 위치하여 납의 산지가 변화되었음을 알 수 있었다. 특히 녹유 전돌의 납동위원소비를 통해 주변국과의 교류를 추정할 수 있었으며 동일 사찰에서 출토된 녹유 전돌의 납동위원소비가 서로 달라 다른 시기 또는 다른 공방에서 제작된 것으로 판단할 수 있었다.

Analysis of Mechanical Properties in Steel Frame with Ductile Connections

  • Han, Minglan;Wang, Shuai;Wang, Yan
    • 국제강구조저널
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.1464-1469
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    • 2018
  • Steel frames with ductile connections have good seismic performance under strong earthquake, they are now popular for high seismic design. In order to simplify the process of numerical analysis of the steel frames with ductile connections, simplified connection models are introduced, two types of springs are placed in the simplified connection model, which can simulate deformation of the panel zone and members. 6-story-3-bay steel frames with ductile connections are simplified and carried out modal analysis, fundamental periods of the frames predicted by finite-element analysis for simplified steel frame models were compared to the results for actual frame models. 2-story steel frame with reduced beam section connections is simplified and carried out pseudo-static analysis, hysteretic curves and skeleton curves of the frame obtained by finite-element analysis for simplified steel frame model are compared to test results. The comparison show that the difference between them is small, it is reliable and effective to predict mechanical properties of the steel frame with ductile connection by finite-element analysis of simplified steel frame model.

Dynamic fracture instability in brittle materials: Insights from DEM simulations

  • Kou, Miaomiao;Han, Dongchen;Xiao, Congcong;Wang, Yunteng
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • 제71권1호
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    • pp.65-75
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    • 2019
  • In this article, the dynamic fracture instability characteristics, including dynamic crack propagation and crack branching, in PMMA brittle solids under dynamic loading are investigated using the discrete element method (DEM) simulations. The microscopic parameters in DEM are first calibrated using the comparison with the previous experimental results not only in the field of qualitative analysis, but also in the field of quantitative analysis. The calibrating process illustrates that the selected microscopic parameters in DEM are suitable to effectively and accurately simulate dynamic fracture process in PMMA brittle solids subjected to dynamic loads. The typical dynamic fracture behaviors of solids under dynamic loading are then reproduced by DEM. Compared with the previous experimental and numerical results, the present numerical results are in good agreement with the existing ones not only in the field of qualitative analysis, but also in the field of quantitative analysis. Furthermore, effects of dynamic loading magnitude, offset distance of the initial crack and initial crack length on dynamic fracture behaviors are numerically discussed.

용담호의 홍수터 적용을 위한 문제점 및 이점 조사 연구 (Investigation on the water quality challenges and benefits of buffer zone application to Yongdam reservoir, Republic of Korea)

  • ;최혜선;전민수;김이형
    • 한국습지학회지
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.274-283
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    • 2023
  • 자연기반해법 중 하나인 홍수터는 블루-그린 네트워크로서 유역의 환경, 사회 및 경제적 이점을 제공한다. 본 연구는 용담호 지류의 수질에 대한 홍수터의 적용 효과를 평가하였다. 특히, 홍수터의 문제점과 개선점을 파악하고 제시하였다. 2021년 9월부터 2022년 4월까지 용담호 내 총 6개 지점에서 수질 및 토양 시료를 채취하였다. 수질 분석 결과, 모니터링 지점 중 상전면 갈현리 하류(SG_W_D2)에서 탁도, 총 부유물질(TSS), 화학적 산소요구량(COD), 총인(TP), 총질소(TN) 농도가 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 9월과 10에 실시된 샘플링은 녹조발생에 기여 가능한 것으로 분석되었다. 또한, 토양 오염도 분석을 통해 모든 농경지에서 높은 TN및 TP 농도를 보여 농경지의 영양물질 축적량이 높은 것으로 평가되었다. TN 농도는 정천면 월평리 농경지(JW_S_A), 주천면 신양리(JS_S_A) 순으로 나타났으며, 가장 낮은 곳은 상전면 갈현리 원지반(SG_S_O)로 조사되었다. 본 연구에서 확인된 홍수터 유형 중 II-A 유형, II-B 유형, III 유형은 블루-그린네트워크의 기능을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나, 초기 홍수터의 경우 블루-그린네트워크를 고려하지 않아 설계가 부실 및 성능이 저하되는 결과가 초래되기에, 이러한 홍수터의 성능을 최적화하기 위해서는 블루-그린 네트워크를 고려한 설계 개선 및 보수가 필요하다. 본 연구 결과는 향후 홍수터 설계시 활용 가능할 것을 사료된다.

경북(慶北) 봉화군에 분포(分布)는 장산규암층(壯山硅岩層)의 암석학적(岩石學的) 및 지구화학적(地球化學的) 연구(硏究) (Petrological and Geochemical Studies on Quartzite from the Jangsan Quartzite Formation in the Bonghwa-Gun, Korea)

  • 안건상;이현구
    • 자원환경지질
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.43-51
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    • 1995
  • The Jangsan Quartzite is a basal unit of the Cambro-Odovician sequence, in Socheon-Myeon, Bonghwa-Gun, Gyeongsangbug-Do, South Korea, was petrologically and geochemically investigated. The quartzite consists mainly of quartz and muscovite, assosiated with tourmaline and graphite. The quartzite shows white and/or gray color and various green color in hand specimens. The white and gray colored rocks have very low vanadium contents, but a dark green colored rock contains 8960 ppm vanadium. The muscovites in the quartzite show colorless and green color, of which green ones range from pale blue green to pale green. The dark green colored muscovites have above 8 wt. % vanadium and pale green ones have 1-3 wt. % vanadium. Vanadium contents in moscovite increase with decreasing $Al^{v1}$ contents. It suggests that vanadium substitutes for octahedral aluminium in moscovite. In general, it tends to large volumes of muscovite (up to 14 modal %) in deep green colored rocks, and high vanadium contents in their muscovites. Most of the moscovite flakes occur along the quartz boundaries and some are enclosed by quartz grain. The moscovite grains intergrowth each other in the former. The mouscovite aggragates are divided into two types on the basis of their intergrowth(cut) times. Two cut times and one cut time are named T type and D type, respectively. The T type is mainly distributed at western part (near of the Chunyang granite), whereas the D type is distributed from middle to estern part(near the Janggunbong) of the formation. The boundary is consistent with metamorphic isograd between andalusite and sillimanite zone by Ahn et. al. (1993).

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부산 연안역 탄소저장량 및 경제적 가치 평가 (Evaluation of Carbon Storage and Economic Value in the Busan Coastal Zone)

  • 정세화;정진욱;임유림;성기준
    • 대한토목학회논문집
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    • 제42권5호
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    • pp.651-658
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    • 2022
  • 전 세계적으로 기후변화에 대응하기 위해 탄소중립 달성을 위한 전략 중 하나인 생태계와 생태자원을 활용하여 탄소를 저감하는 자연기반해법 방안에 관한 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 생태계서비스 기반의 평가 모델인 InVEST Carbon, Coastal Blue Carbon 모델을 이용하여 부산 연안 육역과 연안 해역을 대상으로 탄소저장량 추정 및 경제적 가치 평가를 진행하였다. 연구 결과 부산 연안 육역은 부산 전체 육역과 비교하여 단위면적당 탄소저장량이 적으며, 현재 추진 중이거나 계획된 개발이 완료되면 탄소저장량은 더 감소할 것으로 나타났다. 연안 해역은 육역과 비교해 탄소저장량이 적은 것으로 나타났지만, 향후 생태자원을 활용하는 자연기반해법의 잠재성은 크다. 하지만 공유수면 매립과 같은 개발 행위로 탄소저장량이 많은 중요 서식지에 영향을 줄 경우, 탄소저장량의 감소를 초래하며 이러한 부정적인 영향이 장기적으로 지속될 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 부산 연안역의 지속가능한 관리를 위하여 탄소저장량을 고려한 생태계서비스 기반의 관리 전략이 필요하다.

신해양질서 10년후 세계어업자원 이용동향 (The Exploitation of World Fishery Resources for 10 Years under the New Regime in the Sea)

  • 이장욱;허영희
    • 수산경영론집
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.43-87
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    • 1992
  • In this paper, state of exploitation of world fishery resources after 10 years under the new regime in the sea, called the era of exclusive economic zone (EEZ) expending up to a 200 nautical miles from coastal line, was reviewed to determine effect from establishing EEZ in the world fishery production and its export/import volume based on the fishery statistics annually published by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of United Nation. The world total production from marine living resources had a trend showing a waned increase during 1970's when most of coastal states were translated into the reality of EEZ. From mid-1980's onwards, it increased rapidly, reaching about 85 million tons . Such increase in production was basically from the Pacific Ocean, accounting for more than 60% of the world total production. Fishing areas where showed increase in the production after the new regime in the sea were the southwestern Atlantic (FAO area 41) , the eastern Indian (FAO area 57) and the whole fishing areas in the Pacific except the eastern central Pacific (FAO area 77). Increase in the production from distant-water fishing countries came from the regions of the southwest Atlantic (FAO area 41) and the southwest Pacific (FAO area 81) . The production from coastal states was up from the regions of the eastern Indian (FAO area 57) , the northwest and northeast Pacific (FAO areas 61 and 67) and the southeast Pacific (FAO area 87) . It was likely that the exploitation of the fishable stocks was well monitored in the areas of the northwest Atlantic (FAO area 21) , the eastern central Atlantic (FAO area 34) and the northeast Pacific (FAO area 67) through appropriate management measures such as annual harvest level, establishment of total allowable catch etc. The marine fisheries resources that have made contribution to the world production, despite expansion of 200 EEZ by coastal states, were sardinellas, Atlantic cod, blue whiting and squids in the Atlantic Ocean : tunas which mainly include skipjack, yellowfin and bigeye tuna, croakers and pony fishes in the Indian Ocean : and sardine, Chilean pilchard, Alaska pollock, tunas (skipjack and yellowfin tuna) , blue grenadier and blue whiting including anchoveta in the Pacific Ocean. It was identified that both fishery production and its export since introduction of the new regime in the sea were dominated by such coastal states as USA, Canada, Indonesia, Thailand, Mexico, South Africa and Newzealand. But difficulties have been experienced in the European countries including Norway, Spain, Japan and Rep. of Korea. Therefore, majority of coastal states are unlikely to have yet undertaken proper utilization as well as rational management of marine living resources in their jurisdiction during the last two decades. The main target species groups which led the world fishery production to go up were Alaska pollock, cods, tunas, sardinellas, chub and jack mackerel and anchoveta. These stocks are largely expected to continue to contribute to the production. The fisheries resources which are unexploited, underexploited and/or lightly exploited at present and which will be contributed to the world production in future are identified with cephalopods, Pacific jack mackerel and Atlantic mackerel, silver hake including anchovies. These resources mainly distribute in the Pacific regions, especially FAO statistical fishing areas 67, 77 and 87. It was likely to premature to conclude that the new regime in the sea was only in favour of coastal states in fishey production.

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이어도 쟁점과 중국 해군전략의 변화 (Ieodo Issue and the evolution of People's Liberation Army Navy Strategy)

  • 강병철
    • Strategy21
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    • 통권31호
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    • pp.142-163
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    • 2013
  • Ieodo is a submerged rock within a Korea's Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) in the East China Sea with its most shallow part about 4.6m below the sea level which has no specific rights for the EEZ delimitation. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) stipulates that any coastal state has the rights to claim an EEZ that stretches up to 200 nautical miles from its shore, except where there is an overlap with a neighboring country's claims. Korea claims that Ieodo is within its EEZ as it sits on the Korean side of the equidistant line and the reef is located on the Korea section of the continental shelf. China does not recognize Korea's application of the equidistance principle and insists that Ieodo lies on its continental shelf. According to UNCLOS, Ieodo is located in international waters, rather than one country's EEZ as the two countries have failed to reach a final agreement over the delimitation of the maritime border. This study seeks to understand the evolution of the People's Liberation Army Navy(PLAN) strategy as main obstacles for the EEZ delimitation between Korea and China. PLAN's Strategy evolves from "coastal defense" to "offshore defence", since the late 1980s from a "coastal defence" strategy to an "offshore defence" strategy which would extend the perimeter of defence to between 200 nm and 400 nm from the coast. China's economic power has increased It's dependence on open trade routes for energy supplies and for its own imports and exports. China want secure Sea Lane. PLAN's "offshore defence" strategy combines the concept of active defence with the deployment of its military forces beyond its borders. China's navy try to forward base its units and to achieve an ocean going capability. China's navy expects to have a 'Blue Water' capability by 2050. China insists that coastal states do have a right under UNCLOS to regulate the activities of foreign military forces in their EEZs. China protests several times against US military forces operating within It's EEZ. The U.S. position is that EEZs should be consistent with customary international law of the sea, as reflected in UNCLOS. U.S. has a national interest in the preservation of freedom of navigation as recognized in customary international law of the sea and reflected in UNCLOS. U.S. insists that coastal states under UNCLOS do not have the right to regulate foreign military activities in their EEZs. To be consistent with its demand that the U.S. cease performing military operations in china's EEZ, China would not be able to undertake any military operations in the waters of South Korea's EEZ. As such, to preserve its own security interests, China prefers a status quo policy and used strategic ambiguity on the Ieodo issue. PLAN's strategy of coastal defence has been transformed into offensive defence, Korea's EEZ can be a serious limitation to PLAN's operational plan of activities. Considering China'a view of EEZs, China do not want make EEZ delimitation agreement between Korea and China. China argues that the overlapping areas between EEZs should be handled through negotiations and neither side can take unilateral actions before an agreement is reached. China would prefer Ieodo sea zone as a international waters, rather than one country's EEZ.

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북한(北韓)의 의류산업(衣類産業)과 의생활문화(衣生活文化) 연구(硏究) (A Study on the Apparel Industry and the Clothing Culture of North Korea)

  • 조규화
    • 패션비즈니스
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    • 제5권4호
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    • pp.158-175
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study was to understand and improve the clothing habits and the apparel industry of North Korea in preparation for the reunification of South and North Korea. For this study, literary data, reports, periodicals, interviews and internet data of the two Koreas were reviewed. North Korean clothing habits used to be monotonous and uniform but nowadays people's clothes have become somewhat brighter in color and more diverse in design than before. In particular, liberal and individual dressing habits appeared among the privileged classes. When taking part in national events, women have to wear the traditional Korean costume, Hanbok, while men wear business suits for formal wear. In general, men don't wear Hanbok. Students have to be in uniforms but blue jeans, T-shirts with English logos were popular among them reflecting their sensitivity and openness towards western cultures. The brides usually wear pink Hanboks and the bridegrooms wear black business suits for their wedding. North Koreans also wear Hanbok on national holidays like South Koreans. Clothing is the most important item in the trade of process commission between North and South Korea. Trading items are mid to low end men's clothing for the most part due to less emphasis on fashion in the North. The processing is indirect trade and composed of sample making and contracting, sending out materials and production, carrying in goods and setting accounts. To activate South-North trade, establishment of infrastructure, stabilization of shipping, reducing high costs of distribution, building direct communication system by setting up office in a neutral zone and simplifying procedures in applying for the South and North Korea Economic Cooperation Fund. On the other hand, clothing and textiles education is carried on at art colleges, light industries colleges and commercial colleges in Pyongyang. Clothing institutes which study Hanbok and Western clothes, are installed in each city and province. Graduates who majored in clothing and textiles are posted in institutes or apparel factories. Their job is designing, patternmaking and sewing for their customers. Most of them are women and in good state of economic conditions. The North Korean clothing industry has been the core national industry that has developed based on overseas demand form the mid 1980s. The standard is that of South Korea in the early 1980s. In 1999, trade of North Korean textile products with trade counterparts such as Japan and China was $1.3 million in exports and $1.27 in imports. Of this amount the export takes up 25.4% of the total exports in North Korea. However, fundamentally even in sectors that are irrelevant to politics such as the fashion clothing industry, trust between the South and North should be a prerequisite. Only through this can exchange between North and South and economic cooperation contribute towards the reunification.

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