• Title/Summary/Keyword: Blood-Stasis

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Influence of Rubiae Radix Extract on the Mechanism of Apoptosis in HL-60 Cells (천초근 추출물이 HL-60 세포주의 세포자멸사 기전에 미치는 영향)

  • Choi, Ho-Seung;Park, Jin-Mo;Ju, Sung-Min;Kim, Sung-Hoon;Kim, Dae-Keun;Kim, Won-Sin;Jeon, Byung-Hun
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.548-555
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    • 2008
  • Rubiae radix belonging to the family Rubiaceae have been used in traditional medicine to blood stasis and hemostasis. In this study, we reported that methanol extract of Rubiae radix (RRME) induced apoptotic cell death through MAPKs activation in human promylocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells. The cytotoxic activity of activity of RRME in HL-60 cells was increased in a dose-dependent manner. RRME was cytotoxic to HL-60 cells, with IC50 of $8{\mu}g/mL$. Treatment of RRME to HL-60 cells showed apoptotic bodies, and the fragmentation of DNA, suggesting that these cells underwent apoptosis. Caspase-3 activity and PARP cleavage were time-dependently increased the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax. And ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression. Activation of p38 and JNK were increased 6 hr after RRME treatment in HL-60 cells, but activation of ERK was reduced 24 hr after treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that RRME induces apoptotic cell death through activation of p38 and JNK in HL-60 cells.

Promotion of Nonspecific Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Activity by Bo-yang-hwan-oh-tang (보양환오탕에 의한 비특이적 세포독성 T 세포 활성 증강)

  • Ha, Jong-Cheon;Kim, Young-Hyun;Woo, Won-Hong;Nam, Sang-Yun
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.32 no.3 s.126
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    • pp.226-232
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    • 2001
  • To explore the possible cancer therapeutic application of "Bo-yang-hwan-oh-tang" (BH), a herbal medicinal recipe used for improvement of blood stasis, we have examined its direct cytotoxicity against tumor cell, and induction of cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes. Water extract of BH alone did not exhibit direct cytotoxicity to Yac-1 target cells even with high concentrations (10 mg/ml). By exposure for 3 days, BH did not induce any nonspecific cytotoxic activity of mouse spleen cells, either, when assessed in a 4 hr $^{51}Cr-release$ assay. However, when BH was added during CD3 stimulation of non-adherent spleen cells, non-specific CTL activity was markedly promoted in a dose dependent manner. In contrast, BH did not alter activated NK cell activity following IL-2 stimulation. These data suggest that BH does not induce but upregulates non-specific CTL effecter function and that activated NK cell does not respond to BH. For elucidation of the mechanism underlying this function of BH, time kinetic study for IL-2 production using ELISA was undertaken. IL-2 production following CD3 stimulation was significantly augmented and higher level of IL-2 is sustained over 3 days in the culture medium by BH treatment. Moreover, addition of exogenous IL-2 during CD3 stimulation resulted in a similar level of cytotoxicity between control and BH-treated culture. These data indicate that the BH-mediated upregulation of non-specific CTL activity is contributed by augmentation of IL-2 production. Our data imply the possible application of BH for combination therapy of cancer with non-specific activator.

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Study of Tongue Diagnosis for Pattern Identification in Stroke Patients (중풍환자의 변증분형을 위한 설진에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Sae-Wook;Kang, Kyung-Won;Kang, Byung-Gab;Kim, Jeong-Cheol;Kim, Bo-Young;Go, Mi-Mi;Choi, Dong-Jun;Cho, Hyung-Kyung;Lee, In;Seol, In-Chan;Cho, Ki-Ho;Choi, Sun-Mi
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.262-266
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    • 2008
  • We plan to make the standardization of the pattern identifications for stroke and differentiate them by tongue diagnosis. We make a case report form which has questionnaires for tongue diagnosis in stroke patients. And we collected cases from the multi center network which consists of twelve university hospitals and one local hospital. The cases confirmed by diagnosis of medical specialists and residents are 321 cases. They are divided into Qi Defficiency 30.84%, Dampness& Phlegm 25.55%, Fire & Heat 22.43%, Eum Defficiency 18.69% and Blood Stasis 2.49%. We analyzed the markers which classified into the color of tongue body, the color of fur, the quality of fur, the dryness of tongue, the shape of tongue. To make a stroke pattern identification standard, we must try variable ways.

Preliminary Study to Develop the Instrument on Pattern Identification for Lung Cancer (폐암 변증도구 개발을 위한 기초연구)

  • Kim, Jong Min;Jeon, Hyung Joon;Park, So Jung;Kim, Seun Young;Cho, Chong Kwan;Jung, In Chul;Yoo, Hwa Seung
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.28 no.6
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    • pp.585-592
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    • 2014
  • This study is to develop a standard tool for pattern identifications in Korean Medicine for Lung Cancer. The advisor committee for this study was organized by 12 Korean Medicine professors from the Korean Association of Traditional Oncology. The item and structure of instrument were based on review of published literature. We took the consultation twice from the advisor committee and additional advices by e-mail correspondences. We divided the symptoms and signs of lung cancer into 6 pattern identifications. - lung spleen both deficiency (肺脾兩虛), lung kidney both deficiency (肺腎兩虛), dampness phlegm obstructing the lung (濕痰蘊肺), qi stagnation blood stasis (氣滯血瘀), yin deficiency toxin heat (陰虛毒熱), and heat toxin accumulation (熱毒蘊結). We obtained the mean weights which reflected the standard deviations from each symptoms of the 6 pattern identifications which were scored on a 5-point scale by 12 experts. We designed the Korean medicine pattern identification tool for lung cancer. It was composed of 57 questions in the question-and-answer format. Though there are some limits that this study is not proved about validity and reliability, the instrument is meaningful and expected to be applied to the subsequent research.

The Early Experience of Laparoscopy-assisted Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer at a Low-volume Center

  • Yang, Shi-Jun;Ahn, Eun-Jung;Park, Sei-Hyeog;Kim, Jong-Heung;Park, Jong-Min
    • Journal of Gastric Cancer
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.241-246
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    • 2010
  • Purpose: Laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy (LAG) has become a technically feasible and safe procedure for early gastric cancer treatment. LAG is being increasingly performed in many centers; however, there have been few reports regarding LAG at low-volume centers. The aim of this study was to report our early experience with LAG in patients with gastric cancer at a low-volume center. Materials and Methods: The clinicopathologic data and surgical outcomes of 39 patients who underwent LAG for gastric cancer between April 2007 and March 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The mean age was 68.3 years. Thirty-one patients had medical co-morbidities. The mean patient ASA score was 2.0. Among the 39 patients, 4 patients underwent total gastrectomy and 35 patients underwent distal gastrectomy. The mean blood loss was 145.4 ml and the mean operative time was 259.4 minutes. The mean time-to-first flatus, first oral intake, and the postoperative hospital stay was 2.8, 3.1, and 9.3 days, respectively. The 30-day mortality rate was 0%. Postoperative complications developed in 9 patients, as follows: anastomotic leakage, 1; wound infection, 1; gastric stasis, 2; postoperative ileus, 1; pneumonia, 1; cerebral infarction, 1; chronic renal failure, 1; and postoperative psychosis, 1. Conclusions: LAG is technically feasible and can be performed safely at a low-volume center, but an experienced surgical team and careful patient selection are necessary. Furthermore, for early mastery of the learning curve for LAG, surgeons need education and training in addition to an accumulation of cases.

The Review of the Herbal Medicines with Phytoestrogenic Effect (식물성에스트로겐 작용이 보고된 한약재에 관한 고찰)

  • Lee, Sun Haeng;Kim, Hyung Joong;Lee, Eun Ju;Chang, Gyu Tae
    • The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.59-77
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    • 2015
  • Objectives Medical plant has a big role in Herbal Medicines, and most medical plant has phytoestrogens. Therefore some estrogenic effects have been reported in a lot of Korean Medicine literature. Phytoestrogens should be used carefully in children. The objective of this study is to identify reported phytoestrogenic effects in Herbal Medicines and to evaluate the characteristics of the phytoestrogens in Herbal Medicines. Methods A literature search was done with using 8 databases with a limit of reports until 12/31/2013. The estrogenic effects were summarized by each individual Korean Medicine. The frequency of the phytoestrogens was also investigated depending on the Korean medical categorization by the treatment effect. Results and Conclusions Phytoestrogenic effects were reported in 89 Herbal Medicines. Phytoestrogens were act bidirectionally, and the effect was fairly weak compared to estrogen. Phytoestrogenic effect was variable on different cells and tissues. The most frequent phytoestrogenic effect was in tonifying and replenishing medicinal, the following orders were heat-clearing, exterior-releasing, and blood-activating and stasis-dispelling medicinal. Phytoestrogens were not reported in dampness-resolving, digestant, orifice-opening, emetic medicinal.

Quality Monitoring of Specification of Crataegi Fructus in the Korean Pharmacopoeia and Studies HPLC Standard Chromatogram (산사(山楂)의 규격 기준 모니터링 및 HPLC 표준크로마토그램 연구)

  • Kim, Kyoung Hee;Kim, Sun Mi;Lee, Young Jong;Baek, Wan Sook
    • The Korea Journal of Herbology
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.55-62
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    • 2017
  • Objectives : Crataegi Fructus has been used as traditional medicines for more digestion action, amenorrhea due to blood stasis, and hyperlipemia. The aim of this study was to compare of Crataegi Fructus in South Korea collected during three years according to the standards in monographs of the Korean Pharmacopoeia Eleventh edition (KP 11). Methods : Crataegi Fructus was carried out identification test (Qualitative reaction, Thin layer chromatography), heavy metal test, and total ash registered at KP. Add to we tested loss on dry, contents of ethanol-soluble extracts, and HPLC profiling. Results : Identification test (TLC) was on comparing with ursolic acid standard solution in $R_f$ value, all samples showed red purple spot ($R_f$ value 0.9). Ursolic acid spot in $R_f$ value 0.35 showed by changing mobile phase condition. Heavy metals showed contents for Pb, Cd, As, and Hg range of 0.0 ~ 0.5 ppm, 0.0 ~ 0.2 ppm, 0.0 ~ 0.3 ppm, and 0.0 ~ 0.1 ppm. Loss on drying was ranged from 5.5 to 11.9 %, total ash was between the range 2.7 ~ 4.0 %. Contents of ethanol-soluble extracts was ranged from 17.8 to 44.9 %. The content of chlorogenic acid was ranged from 0.0 to 0.1 % based on the chlorogenic acid standard curve. Conclusion : We have verified the current specification standard of Crataegi Fructus and standard that is not set. We hope that it will help the standardization of Crataegi Fructus.

Preliminary Study to Develop the Instrument on Pattern Identifications Knee Osteoarthritis (퇴행성무릎관절염 변증도구 개발에 관한 기초연구)

  • Jeon, Dong Hwi;Lee, Eun Jung;So, Hyun Woo;Hwang, Man Suk;Yoo, Jeong Eun;Park, Yang Chun;Jung, In Chul;Oh, Min Seok
    • Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.77-91
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    • 2017
  • Objectives The aim of this study was to develop a standard tool of pattern identification for Knee Osteoarthritis, which will be applied to clinical research. Methods The advisor committee for this study was organized by 11 panel of experts (Korean Rehabilitation Medicine professors, Acupuncture and Moxibustion professors belonging to Korean Medicine colleges, Principal Researcher of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Doctor of Korean medicine). The pattern identifications and symptoms for this tool were extracted from published Korean and Chinese literature. Through the discussion among internal experts and consultation from advisors, the Instrument on Pattern Identifications for Knee Osteoarthritis was developed. Results 1) Five pattern identifications (The Wind, Chill, and Moisture, The Moist-Heat, Blood Stasis, Yang Deficiency of Spleen and Kidney, Yin Deficiency of Liver and Kidney) were set for the tool. 2) The mean weights which represent the importance of each symptom and scored on a hundred-point scale was obtained. 3) The Instrument on Pattern Identifications for Knee Osteoarthritis was designed in the self-reporting format composed of 46 questions. Conclusions The Instrument on Pattern Identifications for Knee Osteoarthritis was created through this study. Though this study is not proved about validity, reliability, the instrument of pattern identification for Knee Osteoarthritis is meaningful and expected to be applied to the subsequent.

A Study for the objective diagnosis by statistical analysis to the Bian Zheng questionnaire (설문지 통계분석을 통한 변증진단 객관화 연구)

  • Song, Nak-Kun;Kim, Joong-Kil;Shin, Seon-Hwa;Kim, Yong-Ho;Hwang, Gyu-Dong;Ahn, Kyoo-Seok;Choi, Sun-Mi
    • Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.127-138
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    • 2005
  • We have examined the phase of Bian Zheng(辨證) by individual characteristics, who underwent the Oriental Medical Physical Examination, based on the Bian Zheng questionnaire of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine. Since the correlations in all Bian Zhengs showed meaningful results at 0.01(p-value<0.05) in terms of level of significance and all coefficients are in positive value, the correlation in these Bian Zhengs could be said to exhibit the change toward the same direction with close correlation rather than contradictory change. The mean Bian Zheng score of women was generally higher than that of men, particularly in Blood-Deficiency, Qi-Stasis, Qi-Deficiency. But there is no difference of the mean Bian Zheng score in Sasang Constitution. We performed the Linear regression analysis to see the change of Bian Zheng score by age and could presume that the older they are, the higher Bian Zheng score, but statically the result is not meaningful. By the above result, we could come to the conclusion that the Bian Zhen questionnaire is more useful to the patient than the healthy people.

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Effect of Gwaluzisiltang and Gwaluzisiltanggami on the Intravascular coagulation induced by Endotoxin in Rats (과루지실탕(瓜蔞枳實湯) 및 그 가미방(加味方)이 ENDOTOXIN으로 유발(誘發)된 혈전(血栓)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Lee, Sang-Gwon;Kim, June-Ki;Park, Weon-Hwan;Choi, Dal-Young;Moon, Jun-Jeun
    • The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.107-125
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    • 1993
  • This study was performed to investigate the effects of Gwaluzisiltang and Gwaluzisiltanggami on the intravascular coagulation. The experimental group divided two groups : one group was the intravascular coagulation induced by endotoxin in rats, another group was the formation of paw edema by contusion in rats, and then these rats were treated with liquid extract of Gwaluzisiltang(Sample I) and Gwaluzisiltanggami(Sample II), which were administered orally. Then the numbers of platelets, concentration of fibrinogen, Prothrombin time and FDP(fibrin-fibrinogen degradation Products)were measured. The results were as follows : 1. The effects of the Intravascular coagulation 1) Platelet was increased significantly in the sample I compared with control group. 2) Fibrinogen was increased significantly in the sample I compared with control group. 3) Prothrombin time was shortened significantly in the sample I and more shortened in the sample II compared with control group. 4) FDP was decreased significantly in the sample I and more decreased in the samplem II compared with control group. 2. The effect of the formation of paw edema by contusion in rats. 1) The rate of paw edem was decreased significantly after five hours in the sample I 2) Platelet was increased significantly in the sample I compared with control group. 3) Fibrinogen was decreased in the sample I and sample II compared with control group, but it is not significant 4) Prothrombin time was shortened significantly in the sample II compared with control group. According to the above results, it is considered that the Gwaluzisiltang and Gwaluzisiltanggami seem to be applicable disease related to thrombosis, because they obtained significant effects on the experimental method which are based on the oriental medical theory-the principle of phlegm and blood stasis have the same source and disease (痰瘀同源, 痰瘀同病).

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