• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.101-109
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• 1984

The influences of acute respiratory and metabolic acid-base disturbances on the carotid, renal and coronary blood flow were measured in dogs. Respiratory acidosis was induced by artificial respiration with 8% CO2 -02 gas mixture and respiratory alkalosis was induced by hyperventilation under the control of respirator. Metabolic acidosis and metabolic alkalosis were induced by intravenous infusion of 0.3N hydrochloric acid and 0.6M sodium bicarbonate solution. To observe the effect of hyperkalemia, isotonic potassium chloride solution was infused. CVI electromagnetic flowmeter probes were placed on the left common carotid artery, left renal artery and left circumflex coronary artery. Each flow was recorded on polygraph. 1. The carotid blood flow showed rapid showed rapid and marked increase in acute respiratory acidosis. Even in the cases when arterial blood pressure was lowered during the state of respiratory acidosis, carotid blood flow increased. By the infusion of hydrochloric acid, carotid blood flow increased slowly and returned to the previous label after discontinuation of the infusion. Carotid blood flow also increased by the infusion of large amount of sodium bicarbonate, but it might be the combined effect of expansion of extracellular fluid and compensatory elevation of carbon dioxide tension. 2.The renal blood flow remained unchanged during the acute acid-base disturbances, suggesting effective autoregulation. Renal blood flow, however, increased very slowly when the infusion of potassium chloride continued for a long period. 3.Although less marked than the carotid blood flow, the coronary blood flow increased in the acute respiratory and metabolic acidosis. In asphyxiated condition, coronary blood flow increased most markedly and this might be the combined effect of hypoxia, hypercapnea, and lowering of pH. In summary, the carotid blowflow showed more marked change in the acute respiratory and metabolic acidosis than the renal and coronary blood flow. Respiratory and metabolic components of acid-base disturbances may influence the local blood flow concomitantly, there being more differences in the individual responses, but respiratory component manifested more rapid and marked effect than metabolic component.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2013

Objectives This study is to investigate the related factors to contribute the metabolic syndrome according to Sasang Constitution. Methods Nine hundred twenty six persons out of 1774 persons, over 40 years old, participated in community-based cohort in Wonju City of South Korea from June 2006 to August 2009. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was carried out by NCEP-ATP III(National Cholesterol Education Program in Adult Treatment Panel III) and Asian Pacific Criteria for abdominal obesity. The related factors were checked using questionnaire and blood samples. Sasang Constitution was verified by a Sasang Constitution specialist using the results of PSSC(Phonetic System for Sasang Constitution), facial pictures and simplified Sasang Constitutional questionnaires. Metabolic syndrome incidence rate according to Sasang Constitution and binary logistic regression analysis were performed with SPSS 19.0. Results Metabolic syndrome incidence rate was 30.3% and the majority of newly categorized as metabolic syndrome was Taeeumin(40.7%). There were significant risk factors like systolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, triglyceride and female and a significant defense factor like HDL-cholesterol. In terms of constitutional view, there were significant risk factors like waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, triglyceride in Soyangin, female, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, triglyceride in Taeeumin, female, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, triglyceride in Soeumin. And there was a significant defense factor like HDL-cholesterol in only Taeeumin. Conclusions Regimens on metabolic syndrome were considered to be changed according to Sasang Constitution. Taeeumin female and Soeumin female should be cautious of body weight and metabolic syndrome when elderly. There are more cautious risk factors in each constitution; systolic blood pressure and triglyceride in Soyangin and fasting blood sugar and serum lipids levels in Soeumin and Taeeumin.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.551-557
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and the features of metabolic syndrome, and differences according to sex in patients diagnosed cerebral infarction. The study group comprised 61 patients over age 30 who were diagnosed cerebral infarction, accompanied with metabolic syndrome. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, blood pressure, lipid profiles, fasting blood glucose, body mass index were measured. Also we checked past history of patients. Then we analyzed the association between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and the features of metabolic syndrome. Pearson correlation analysis reflected the variables affecting the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity as follows : Age, SBP(systolic blood pressure), DBP(diastolic blood pressure), FBS(fasting blood glucose) were positively correlated. As a result of regression analysis, in patients with cerebral infarction accompanied with metabolic syndrome, the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity is affected by age to men, SBP, FBS, DBP to women. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity is not affected by the components of metabolic syndrome, except blood pressure, FBS, in patients with ischemic stroke.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.134-141
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• 2011

Purpose: Although the risk factors of metabolic syndrome have been extensively studied, the association between osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome has remained unclear in Korean elderly women. Yet to be determined are the effect of risk factors of metabolic syndrome on osteoporosis in these subjects. The purpose of this study was to investigate how the risk factors of metabolic syndrome affect the bone mineral density in Korean elderly women. Methods: One hundred twenty one elderly women from a community center in Seoul elderly welfare center participated in this study. A structured questionnare was used to assess their demographics and lifestyles. Participants' anthropometric information was also obtained by measuring heights, weights, and waist circumferences. The blood samples were also obtained to measure blood glucoses and blood lipids. Bone mineral density was measured with the use of ultra sono. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in our subjects was 58%. In multivariate regression analysis, fasting plasma glucose level (p=.036) and triglycerides (p=.006) were significant factors predicting bone mineral density after adjusting age and other factors of metabolic syndrome. In age-adjusted analysis, women with metabolic syndrome had significantly higher bone mineral density as compared to those without metabolic syndrome (p=.026). Conclusion: Bone mineral density among elderly Korean women is associated with the level of blood glucose and triglycerides.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2018

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate expert opinions on the questions contained in a questionnaire for diagnosing blood stasis accompanying metabolic disorders. Methods : Two rounds of Delphi survey were conducted online targeting on one hundred Korean medicine doctors. Respondents rated the appropriateness of the 30 questions in diagnosing metabolic disorder on a five-point scale, anchored at '5 = very appropriate', '4 = appropriate', '3 = somewhat appropriate', '2 = inappropriate', and '1 = very inappropriate'. Results : The mean score on 30 questions of first and second Delphi survey was 3.26 points and 3.31 points, respectively. The ranking of the top 10 questions that were rated as appropriate for diagnosing blood stasis accompanying metabolic disorder were 'sublingual varices', 'reddish black tongue', 'reddish black gum', 'reddish black lips', ''dark purple palatal mucosa and venous edema', 'night pain, 'ecchymosis of the tongue', 'piercing pain', 'ecchymosis of the skin' and 'prolonged numbness'. Conclusions : The experts agreed that three of the most typical symptoms of blood stasis and the conditions of capillary vessels in the tongue or the oral cavity were highly associated with metabolic disorder, whereas the questions related to abdominal pain lacked an association with metabolic disorders.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2010

광주지역의 한 종합병원 수검자를 대상으로 백혈구 수와 대사증후군과의 관련 요인을 분석하고자 단면 연구를 시행한 결과 대사증후군의 유병률은 남성이 25.2%, 여성은 13.3%로 나타났으며, 연령별 유병률은 남성은 40대에서, 여성은 60세 이상에서 가장 높은 유병률을 보였고 남녀 모두 백혈구수가 증가 할수록 대사증후군의 유병률이 높게 나타났다. 대사증후군과 백혈구수와의 로지스틱 회귀분석의 결과에서는 남, 여 모두 백혈구 수가 증가 할수록 대사증후군의 위험도가 증가하였다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서는 비록 정상범위 일지라도 증가된 백혈구 수는 대사증후군과 연관성이 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있으며, 대사증후군 기준을 충족시키는 항목수가 많을수록 백혈구 수는 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 백혈구 수를 네 개의 군으로 나누었을 때 백혈구 구분수가 증가할수록 대사증후군의 유병률도 증가하고 있었다. 백혈구수와 백혈구 감별계산이 대사증후군을 예측하는 인자로 가치가 있는지는 광범위한 대단위 연구와 시간적 순서에 의해 인과관계를 규명하는 코호트연구가 필요하다고 생각된다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.86-96
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• 2012

The high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as one of the typical acute phase reactants is used for predictive factor of the cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. In addition, there are claims that must be included as factors of metabolic syndrome. This research examined the relationship between the concentration of hs-CRP in blood and risk factors of the metabolic syndrome by gender, and the rates of metabolic syndrome depending on the hs-CRP level based on the general public who took the comprehensive medical check-up at Chonbuk National University Hospital in the Jeonbuk province. The subjects aged 17-87 years were participated, and 2,000 people were included as the final subjects except the persons with more than 10 mg/L of the hs-CRP of blood level. The hs-CRP concentrations increased according to the number of risk factors of metabolic syndrome in both men and women. In regards to the risk ratio of metabolic syndrome based on hs-CRP level in blood according to gender, the risk ratio increased by 3.07 times in male and 4.55 times in female intermediate risk group and 3.60 times in male and 6.15 times in female high risk group compared to hs-CRP low risk group. As a result, there was a proportional relation between hs-CRP level and the occurrence of metabolic syndrome, and it occurs more frequently among women than men.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.135-144
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Metabolic Syndrome care program with Korean Medicine in public health center. Methods: The data were collected from 28 participations who joined Korean Medicine care program. The program was started from April of 2013 and finished November of 2013. The effect of Metabolic Syndrome were evaluated with blood pressure check and blood test, physical test. Results: The number of Metabolic Syndrome patients decreased after the program(-24.9%). Specially TG decreased from 83.321 to 80.036(p<0.05) and FBS also decreased 8.607(p<0.01) after the program. HDL increased from 47.821 to 53.000(p<0.01) but blood pressure didn't change. BMI decreased 0.789(p<0.01) and abdominal obesity decreased 2.607(p<0.01) after the program significantly. Conclusions: From these study, the Metabolic Syndrome care program with Korean Medicine is worthy for treating Metabolic Syndrome.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.139-147
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• 2021

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to verify the effectiveness of combined marine healing programs by analyzing the physical composition of metabolic patients, blood lipids and the effects of the inflammatory factors, the C -reactive protein(CRP). Methods : the combined marine treatment program was conducted for 6 hours a day, 5 days a week on the 10 adult patients with metabolic diseases and the results of their body composition, blood lipids and CRP were analyzed before and after the subjects completed the program. For the statistical analysis, the mean and standard deviation (M±SD) of each variable were calculated using SPSS version 20 and a paired t-test was conducted in order to test for the differences before and after the combined marine treatment program. All significant levels were set to 𝛼=.05. As a result of the experiment Results : First, regarding the changes in body composition and blood pressure after the 5-day combined marine treatment program was completed, there were statistically significant differences found in weight (p<.01) and systolic blood pressure (p<.05). Second, regarding the changes in blood lipids and CRP after the program was conducted, there were statistically significant differences found in total cholesterol (p<.05) while there was no statistically significant difference found in the variables of neutral fat, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and CRP. Conclusion : the study results were integrated, the 5-day combined marine treatment program had a positive effect on weight, blood pressure and total cholesterol in the patients with metabolic diseases. Therefore, the short-term marine treatment program was thought to be effective for them. However, considering no significant differences were found in neutral fat, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and CRP, further development and research on combined marine treatment programs should be conducted in the long term to create an effective program for patients with metabolic diseases.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.165-177
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• 2007

Objectives : This study anus to investigate the effects of Rosa Rugosae Radix (RU) herbal acupuncture on the metabolic syndrome in high-fat diet-fed mice. Methods : The experimental groups were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks to induce metabolic syndrome. During the induction of metabolic syndrome, RU herbal acupuncture at a dosage of 50 mg/kg was carried out on the point of Sinsu(BL23) every day to measure the body weight, feed efficiency, blood glucose levels, insulin resistance index, lipid levels, blood pressure, and weight of liver and adipose tissues (brown adipose tissue from interscapular fat and white adipose tissue from epididymal fat). And after five weeks' induction of metabolic syndrome, RU herbal acupuncture was also performed for 6 weeks to measure the body weight and blood glucose levels. Results: 1. RU herbal acupuncture inhibited increasing body weight and blood glucose levels, with improved insulin resistance. 2. RU herbal acupuncture inhibited increasing levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and free fatty acid, while increased HDL-cholesterol levels. 3. RU herbal acupuncture activated anti-hypertensive action. 4. RU herbal acupuncture inhibited increasing weight of white adipose tissues, but not in brown adipose tissues and liver. 5. RU herbal acupuncture lowered blood glucose levels and inhibited increasing body weight in metabolic syndrome-induced ICR mice. Conclusion : Rosa Rugosae Radix (RU) herbal acupuncture showed effectiveeness in prevention and management of metabolic syndrome in clinical application.