• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.786-794
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• 2006

We observed the suppressive effect of a powder formulation of African black tea extract prepared from the leaves of Camellia sinensis on type 2 non-insulin dependent diabetic mice, $KK-A^y/TaJcl$. Black tea extract significantly showed suppressive effect of the elevation of blood glucose on oral glucose tolerance test of 8 week-old $KK-A^y/TaJcl$ mice (p<0.05). Long-term treatment with black tea extract showed significant suppression of post-prandial blood glucose and obesity (p<0.05). The weight of the intestine of mice treated with black tea extract was significantly reduced (p<0.05). From these results, African black tea used in this study showed a suppressive effect on the elevation of blood glucose during food intake and the body weight.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.300-305
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• 1991

To investigate possible effects of buckwheat on blood glucose level and blood pressure, Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups and fed either AIN-76 diet or modified AIN-76 diet with buckwheat flour for 4 weeks. At the end of experiment, determinations of blood pressure and blood glucose level(glucose tolerance test) were performed. In order to determine insulin levels in both fasted and glucose loaded serum, the animals in both groups were subdivided into two groups. Blood pressure was slightly decreased in the group fed buckwheat( 6mmHg) but not significantly. Glucose tolerance curve of the animal fed buckwheat flour showed clearly different pattern from that of the control group with decreasing tendency. Mobilization of serum insulin was 1.5 times faster in buckwheat group than in control group 1 hour after glucose loading. Further research is needed to find what substance(s) in buckwheat do this role.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.349-357
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• 2008

Purpose: The Purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of walking on physical health such as body composition, blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipids for residents in rural areas. Method: Data were collected from 109 residents at 4 community health centers and during the 12 weeks' period between May and July, 2007 with quasi-experimental pre/post-test design. The data were processed with SPSS Win 12.0. Result: 69.5% of the subjects had chronic degenerative diseases such as hypertension, arthritis and diabetes mellitus. Also, 52.9% had overweight and 14.7% had excessive obesity. There were significant positive changes in BMI, blood pressure, blood glucose and LDL among obese residents. However, there was no significant difference in total cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL among blood lipids. Conclusion: This study showed that a 3 months' walking program had positive effects on physical health and it should be continued.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.720-730
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the effects of tailored diabetic education on blood glucose control and self-care for patients with type 2 diabetes on insulin therapy. Methods: The participants were 60 patients (experimental group: 30, control group: 30) with type 2 diabetes on insulin therapy. The patients were being seen at a university hospital in Seoul, Korea. Group diabetic education and tailored diabetic education were given to the experiment group while group diabetic education only was given to the control group. Data were collected before and three months after the education. $X^2$ test, t-test, and ANCOVA were used to analyze the data. Results: No significant differences in postprandial (PP2hrs) glucose and HbA1c levels were found between the two groups. Participants in the experiment group showed statistically significant differences in the area of self-glucose test, management of insulin injection, and life style change compared to those in the control group. Conclusion: The results indicate that tailored education for patients with diabetes on insulin therapy improve self-glucose test, management of insulin injection, and life style. Therefore it is suggested that tailored education can be applied in diabetic education to improve self-care.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.827-831
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the supplementary effects of ${\gamma}$-oryzanol on the blood glucose level in diabetic mice. We supplied 2 experimental diets (CO without and GO with 0.2% ${\gamma}$-oryzanol) to diabetic mice for 8 weeks. Diet intake, body weight and levels of blood glucose, hemoglobin $A_{lc}$ and insulin were measured. Though there was no significant difference in diet intake between experimental groups, the concentration of fasting blood glucose and blood glucose area from glucose tolerance test in diabetic mice was lower in GO group than CO group during the supplementary period of experimental diets. Hemoglobin Ai, was lower and serum insulin level was higher in GO group than CO group without significance. These results suggest that r-oryzanol decrease the blood glucose level, and ${\gamma}$ -oryzanol produced from residual product of rice may be developed with high value.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.5-12
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• 2003

The purpose of this study to compare of clinical profile between obese and nonobese type 2 diabetic patients. The subjects were consist of 111 obese (50 male, 61 female) and 159 non obese (79 male, 80 female) type 2 diabetic patients underwent fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, $HbA_1c$, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, microalbuminuria, fasting C-peptide and 2-hour postprandial C-peptide were measured. Diabetes was diagnosed according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria. Obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI, kilograms per meters squared) ${\geq}23$. Data analyses were t-test, chisquare test in SAS program. The results were as follows : 1) Triglycerides and 2-hour postprandial C-peptide were significant higher in obese than non-obese patients. 2) Systolic blood pressure, Diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, $HbA_1c$, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, microalbuminuria and fasting C-peptide were no difference between obese and non-obese groups. These data indicate that obesity is a risk factor for the development of coronary heart disease (CHD) in diabetic patients. Therefore, weight reductions have beneficial effects on insulin action and glycemic control in obese type 2 diabetic patients.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2017

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of water extract of Aconitum carmichaeli Debx (ACD) on obesity and glucose tolerance in high fat diet induced obese mice. Methods: Five-week-old C5BL/6 mice were fed a high fat diet (HFD) containing or not containing ACD (100 or 300 mg/kg) for 16 weeks. Body weight, food intake, fasting blood glucose, and body temperature were checked every week and then organs, blood serums were collected after 16-week treatment. Furthermore oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was carried out after treatment. Results: ACD treated mice showed no significant decreases in body weight and adipose tissue weight as compared with HFD mice. Lipid accumulations in liver and serum lipid levels were not different between ACD treated and HFD mice. However, ACD extract administration significantly and dose-dependently reduced fasted plasma glucose and glucose tolerance as determined by OGTT. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that ACD might prevent diet-induced glucose tolerance in mouse models of obesity.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2002

Cocoon production, which is a representative of traditional sericulture shifted into silkworm powder production in the spring of 1995. This, infect, signifies the change from the dress-centered textile business to the bio-industry and the functional resource industry. One of the most outstanding shifting is utilization of silkworm larvae for anti-diabetic agent. In Asian countries including Korea, silkworm powder derived from the domestic silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) has long been favored for anti-diabetic agent, but its efficacy was not tested until last decade by modern scientific methods. In this article, we reviewed the major researches on the silkworm powder as a blood glucose-lowering substance. After the beginning test of the efficacy of silkworm powder by a cooperative research between Department of Sericulture and Entomlogy, NIAST, RDA and Kyung Hee University, substantial data have been accumulated so far, In a serial experiment to select best condition, the fifth instar larvae prepared by freeze dry method turned out to have the best blood glucose-lowering effect. In the pharmacological experiment to understand the mechanism of silkworm powder in small intestine, the silkworm powder turned out to inhibit the activity of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, by competitively binding to $\alpha$-type disaccharides. The animal experiment showed that the extract of silkworm powder prevents a rapid increase of blood glucose level after meal and prevents hunger and law blood glucose level during empty stomach. In the experiment to isolate the major component of silkworm powder, which exerts blood glucose-lowering effect, 1-deoxynojirimy-cin (DNJ) was eventually mass-purified, and it turned out that DNJ isolated from silkworm powder was excellent in its blood glucose-lowering effect. In the experiment to understand the personal difference of the efficacy of the silkworm powder, clinical candidates were divided on the basis of the criterion of traditional Chinese medicine: Tae-Yang, Tae-Um, So-yang, and So-Um. The result showed that silkworm powder has a tendency to reduce blood glucose level at fasting and at 2 hours after meal, and this trend was somewhat obvious in the Tae-Um body type. In summary, we reviewed scientific papers on the efficacy of silkworm powder and its purified DNJ as a blood glucose-lowering agent. These suggest that silkworm powder truly possesses blood glucose-lowering effect as documented in the traditional Chinese medicine, although further researches will be required to develop them as "medical" resource instead of functional food.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.168-178
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare self-care behavior, diabetes-related stress and stress coping style among 3 blood glucose control groups (good, inadequate, and poor blood glucose control groups). Methods: Participants were 102 type 2 diabetic patients (good group: 41, inadequate group: 31, poor group: 30). Data were collected from Feb 19 to Mar 24, 2010 and were analyzed using Chi-square, Fisher's exact test and ANCOVA with SPSS/WIN 12.0. Results: Using ANCOVA with frequency of admission, and illness duration as covariates, significant differences were found among the 3 groups in self-care behavior (total score) and the exercise subscale. Using ANCOVA significant differences were found among 3 groups in diabetes-related stress (total score), emotional burden subscale and regimen distress subscale. Using ANCOVA no difference in stress coping was found among the 3 groups, but there was a significant difference in the problem-oriented coping subscale. Conclusions: Self-care behavior, diabetes-related stress, and stress coping style are factors influencing blood glucose control. The results of this study suggest that for improving blood glucose control, self care education program focused on diet and exercise in addition to stress management program for promoting problem oriented coping capability are recommended.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 1995

Pharmacognostic study was carried out on the seeds of Trigonella foenumgraecum L. (fenugreek) in order to establish its pharmacognostic characteristics. In view of its renewed interest as a dietary supplement among the local inhabitants afflicted with diabetes, its hypoglycaemic activity in normal as well as diabetic rats was also investigated. Oral glucose tolerance test showed that a suspension of the powdered trigonella seed inhibited the increase in blood glucose levels in normal rats that had been treated with an oral glucose load prior to the test. A reduction in the blood glucose levels was also observed when a suspension of the powdered seed was given by gastric intubation to the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. These findings suggested that trigonella seeds possessed some hypoglycaemic activities that might be useful to the diabetics.