• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.1031-1033
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• 2014

Aim: To investigate the effect of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia on prostate cancer risk. Materials and Methods: This hospital based study was carried out using data retrieved from the register maintained in the Department of Biochemistry of a tertiary care hospital of Kathmandu, Nepal between $31^{st}$ December, 2011 and $31^{st}$ October, 2013. The variables collected were age, serum cholesterol, serum calcium, PSA, fasting blood glucose, serum insulin. Analysis was performed by descriptive statistics and testing of hypothesis using Excel 2003, R 2.8.0, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows Version 16.0 (SPSS Inc; Chicago, IL, USA) and the EPI Info 3.5.1 Windows Version. Results: Of the total 125 subjects enrolled in our present study, 25 cases were of PCa and 100 were healthy controls. The mean value of fasting plasma glucose was 95.5 mg/dl in cases of prostatic carcinoma and the mean value of fasting plasma insulin was $5.78{\mu}U/ml$ (p value: 0.0001*). The fasting insulin levels ${\mu}U/ml$ were categorized into the different ranges starting from ${\leq}2.75$, >2.75 to ${\leq}4.10$, >4.10 to ${\leq}6.10$, > $6.10{\mu}U/ml$. The maximum number of cases of prostatic carcinoma of fasting insulin levels falls in range of > $6.10{\mu}U/ml$. The highest insulin levels (> $6.10{\mu}U/ml$) were seen to be associated with an 2.55 fold risk of prostatic carcinoma when compared with fasting insulin levels of (< $2.75{\mu}U/ml$). Conclusions: Elevated fasting levels of serum insulin appear to be associated with a higher risk of prostate cancer.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.1.1-1.11
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• 2017

Background: Intrauterine environment plays a pivotal role in the origin of fatal diseases such as the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes is associated with low-grade inflammatory state and dysregulated adipokines production. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of maternal diabetes on adipocytokines (adiponectin, leptin and TNF-${\alpha}$) production in F1 offspring in rats. Methods: The offspring groups were as follows: F1 offspring of control mothers under control diet (CD) (CF1-CD), F1 offspring of control mothers under high caloric diet (HCD) (CF1-HCD), F1 offspring of diabetic mothers under CD (DF1-CD), and F1 offspring of diabetic mothers under HCD (DF1-HCD). Every 5 weeks post-natal, 10 pups of each subgroup were culled to obtain blood samples for biochemical analysis. Results: The results indicate that DF1-CD and DF1-HCD groups exhibited hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and impaired glucose homeostasis compared to CF1-CD (p > 0.05). DF1-CD and DF1-HCD groups had high hepatic and muscular depositions of TGs. The significant elevated NEFA level only appeared in offspring of diabetic mothers that was fed HCD. DF1-CD and DF1-HCD groups demonstrated low serum levels of adiponectin, high levels of leptin, and elevated levels of TNF-${\alpha}$ compared to CF1-CD (p > 0.05). These results reveal the disturbed metabolic lipid profile of offspring of diabetic mothers and could guide further characterization of the mechanisms involved. Conclusion: Dysregulated adipocytokines production could be a possible mechanism for the transgenerational transmittance of diabetes, especially following a postnatal diabetogenic environment. Moreover, the exacerbating effects of postnatal HCD on NEFA in rats might be prone to adipcytokine dysregulation. Furthermore, dysregulation of serum adipokines is a prevalent consequence of maternal diabetes and could guide further investigations to predict the development of metabolic disturbances.

• 약학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.180-186
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• 2010

Aldosterone, mineralocorticoid hormone, has important functions related to the regulation of blood pressure and balance of fluids and electrolytes in the distal region of the nephron. By genomic and non-genomic action of aldosterone, the physiological kidney functions are modulated. However, many of them except several kind of sodium channel have not been identified and analyzed yet. In this study, proteomic technologies with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) gel using aldosterone rat model were applied to analyze and identify the aldosterone dependently expressed proteins in rat kidney cortex. As a result, the established aldosterone rat model exhibited the normal physiological responses to aldosterone and modulated proteins were identified, which included 15 increased and 3 decreased proteins on 2-DE analysis. Among them, 11 proteins were identified as changed proteins by LC-MS/MS analysis. These proteins identified as aldosterone induced proteins were involved in several cellular pathways such as cytoskeleton remodeling, energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and chaperone process. In conclusion, our data could provide the insights into the new mechanism underlying regulation of kidney functions by aldosterone.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.225-231
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• 2006

본 연구는 제주도의 흑우에서 다배란을 유기한 후 발정기 동안 혈중 호르몬의 농도 검사, 혈액 생화학 검사, 체내 수정란 회수율 등을 관찰하였다. FSH를 4일간 8회 50 mg씩 주사하여 다배란을 유기하였다. 성호르몬의 측정은 radioimmunoassay (RIA)법으로 측정하였으며 혈액 생화학치는 자동혈청 분석기로 측정하였다. 인공 수정 후 7일에 수정란을 비외과적 방법으로 회수하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. 혈중 호르몬의 농도를 측정한 결과 progesterone농도는 day -11에 $7.2{\pm}3.8ng/ml$ 이었으며 day -2에 급격히 감소하여 day 0에는 $0.2{\pm}0.1ng/ml$로 최저치를 유지하다가 day 2 후 상승하였다. Estradiol의 농도는 day -11에 $10.6{\pm}4.3pg/ml$였으며 day 0에는 $15.0{\pm}2.1pg/ml$ 로 최고치를 기록했다. 2. 다배란처리 후 발정 주기 동안의 AST, ALT, BUN, creatine, cholesterol, albumin 및 total protein등 혈액 생화학치의 변화를 측정한 결과 각 혈액 생화학치의 변화는 정상 소의 정상 범위 내 있었으며 유의적 차이는 없었다. 3. 공란우 12두에서 총 62개의 수정란을 회수하였다. 이중 이식 가능한 수정란은 37개(59.7%)였다. 본 연구의 결과로 제주흑우에서 다배란을 유도한 후 발정기 중 호르몬과 혈액생화학치의 변화양상을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.155-159
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• 2017

Korean goral (Neamorhedus caudatus) is registered as a natural monument number 217 by South Korea Cultural Heritage Administration. It is also recognized as the endangered species I by Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). In this study, blood samples of Korean goral were collected to make reference intervals. Blood sampling was conducted on 19 numbers of Korean gorals (ten females, nine males), which were reared in Korean Goral Restoration Center. For total samples, the reference intervals of hematological parameters were: white blood cell $7.69{\sim}10.87K/{\mu}{\Lambda}$; hematocrit 36.73~46.18%; red blood cell $10.72{\sim}12.86K/{\mu}{\Lambda}$; hemoglobin 12.79~15.14 g/dL; mean corpuscular volume 33.15~36.75 fL; mean corpuscular hemoglobin 11.53~12.23 pg; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration 32.64-35.91 g/dL and red blood cell distribution width 39.2~43.46%. For total samples of each parameters, the following results were obtained for serum biochemistry: glucose 111.81~153.77 mg/dL; blood urea nitrogen 22.35~28.91 mg/dL; creatine 1.22~1.84 mg/dL; phosphate 4.57~6 mg/dL; calcium 8.7~9.1 mg/dL; total protein 6.53~6.92 g/dL; albumin 3.1~3.48 g/dL; globulin 3.26~3.62 g/dL; alanine aminotransferase 56.7~158.56 U/L; aspartate aminotransferase 230.35~473.06 U/L; alkaline phosphatase 178.06~332.47 U/L; gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 131.6-~181.24 U/L; total bilirubin 1.47~2.12 mg/dL; cholesterol 46.48~71.52 mg/dL; amylase 16.3~26.03 U/L; sodium 150.43~153.88 mmol/L; potassium 3.98~4.6 mmol/L and chlorine 109.48~113.26 mmol/L. The ranges of values were similar campared to previous studies except in the case of RDW value, which showed higher range than the RDW value of a previous study. The reference intervals from this study will be useful data for treatment and management of gorals.

• BMB Reports
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• 제42권12호
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• pp.829-833
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• 2009

Angiogenin is a member of the ribonuclease superfamily that induces the formation of new blood vessels. It has been suggested that the surface loop of angiogenin defined by residues 59-71 plays a special role in angiogenic function (1); however, the mechanism of action is not clearly defined. To elucidate the role of the surface loop on the structure, function and stability of angiogenin, three surface loop mutants were produced in which 14 amino acids in the surface loop of RNase A were substituted for the 13 amino acids in the corresponding loop of angiogenin. The structure, stability and biological functions of the mutants were then investigated using biophysical and biological approaches. Even though the substitutions did not influence the overall structure of angiogenin, they affected the stability and angiogenic function of angiogenin, indicating that the surface loop of angiogenin plays a significant role in maintaining the stability and angiogenic function of angiogenin.

• BMB Reports
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.474-479
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• 1999

Using a hybridoma technique, spleen cells of Balb/c mice immunized with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) were fused with NS-1 mouse myeloma cells. Two hybrid cell lines, clones KS-8 and KS-19, secreting monoclonal antibodies to hCG, were isolated. KS-8 and KS-19 belong to the immunoglobulin $G_1$ subclass. With the aid of a double-antibody radioimmunoassay, it was established that the KS-8 monoclonal antibody recognizes an immunodeterminant of the $\beta$-subunit of hCG, whereas the KS-19 monoclonal antibody recognizes an epitope present on the $\alpha$-subunit of hCG. The KS-8 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with human chorionic gonadotropin and shows cross-reactivity of less than 0.3% to other related human glycoprotein hormones. On the other hand, using a hemagglutination test based on antibody-induced agglutination of sheep red blood cells coated with hCG, It was shown that only the KS-19 monoclonal antibody was capable of inducing a positive reaction, although both monoclonal antibodies had similar binding capacity to the coated cells. The results from the dual screening procedures demonstrate that KS-8 and KS-19 monoclonal antibodies show high sensitivity in two different assays, and are hence useful for the qualitative and quantitative determination of hCG by both radioimmunoassay and hemagglutination inhibition tests.

• BMB Reports
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.444-447
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• 2007

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a powerful technique in molecular biology and is widely used in various fields. By amplifying DNA fragments, PCR has facilitated gene cloning procedures, as well as molecular genotyping. However, the extraction of DNA from samples often acts as a limiting step of these reactions. In particular, the extraction of PCR-compatible genomic DNA from higher plants requires complicated processes and tedious work because plant cells have rigid cell walls and contain various endogenous PCR inhibitors, including polyphenolic compounds. We recently developed a novel solution, referred to as AnyDirect, which can amplify target DNA fragments directly from whole blood without the need for DNA extraction. Here, we developed a simple lysis system that could produce an appropriate template for direct PCR with AnyDirect PCR buffer, making possible the direct amplification of DNA fragments from plant leaves. Thus, our experimental procedure provides a simple, convenient, non-hazardous, inexpensive, and rapid process for the amplification of DNA from plant tissue.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.218-222
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• 2004

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the world's most common nutritional problem. It is characterized by a low hemoglobin (Hb) level and low iron status. A study was conducted to investigate the incidence of iron deficiency anemia in day scholar girls belonging to different socioeconomic strata at Punjab University, Lahore. Iron status of the subjects was estimated by measuring Hb, hematocrit (Hct), red blood cell (RBC) count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCR), serum iron, serum ferritin, total protein and albumin. Results indicated that females belonging to low socioeconomic strata had lower values for Hb, Hct, RBC count, total protein and albumin. Serum iron, serum ferritin, MCV and MCH values fell within the normal range for all of the socioeconomic groups. However, serum iron and ferritin varied with socioeconomic status and higher-income groups had significantly higher serum iron and ferritin. It was concluded that anemia may develop due to poor intake and absorption of iron and that those in the low-income bracket are the most affected group.

• BMB Reports
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2007

During the past decade, many salivary parameters have been used to characterize disease states. Ghrelin (GAH) is recently-discovered peptide hormone secreted mainly from the stomach but also produced in a number of other tissues including salivary glands. The aim of this work was to examine the relationship between active (aGAH) and inactive (dGAH) ghrelin in the saliva and other salivary parameters in type II diabetic patients and healthy controls. Salivary parameters were assessed in a single measurement of unstimulated whole saliva from 20 obese and 20 non-obese type II diabetes patients, and in 22 healthy controls. Total protein and alpha-amylase were determined by colorimetric methods, and glucose by the glucose-oxidase method. Saliva aGAH and dGAH levels were measured using a commercial radioimmunoassay (RIA) kit. Salivary concentrations of aGAH and dGAH ghrelin were more markedly decreased in obese diabetic subjects than in the two other groups. Glucose and alpha-amylase levels were higher in diabetic subjects than in controls. Furthermore, there were correlations between GAH levels and BMI, and between GAH and blood pressure. However, there was no marked variability in saliva flow rates among the groups. These results indicate that measurement of salivary GAH and its relationship to other salivary parameters might help to provide insight into the role of ghrelin in diabetes.