• 분석과학
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.281-291
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• 1998

혈액과 소변중의 미량 Cu, Sn 및 Bi를 유도결합 플라스마 질량분석법으로 동시 분석하였다. 혈액시료 1 mL를 closed-vessel digestion system에 넣고 질산과 과산화수소수를 가한 후 microwave oven에서 8분 동안 전처리하였다. Amberlite IRC-718 수지를 정지상으로 사용한, 고체-액체추출법으로 Na, S, P 및 polyatomic species에 의한 매트릭스 방해를 제거하였다. 위 방법에 대한 검출한계를 구한 결과 Cu는 0.000375 ng/mL, Sn 은 0.000297 ng/mL, Bi는 0.000174 ng/mL 이었다. NIST SRM 955a 혈액시료에 표준용액을 첨가하여 구한 회수율은 Cu의 경우 99.1%, Sn은 102.5%, Bi는 98.4%이었다. 아울러 본 연구에서 조사한 최적기기 및 분석조건에서 실제 혈액과 소변시료의 분석을 시도하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.46-56
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• 1996

Many surgeons and anesthesiologists prefer using vasoconstrictor mixed with local anesthetic agent to reduce the incidence of side effects and prolong the duration of analgesia because most local anesthetic agents, except cocaine, were believed to possess vasodilating effect. However, some investigators recently reported vasoconstricting effect of local anesthetic agents. There is still controversy on the vasoactive effect of local anesthetic agents. So this study is aimed to clarify the vasoactive effect of local anesthetics in the animal model resembling clinical settings. Rabbits were anesthesized with ketamine and haloghane, and respirations were controlled with Harvard animal ventilator. Lidocaine (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%) and bupivacaine (0.125%, 0.25% and 0.5%) with or without 1:100,000 epinephrine were subdermaly injected on the femoral bupivacaine of the femoral artery were measured with Doppler flow meter in vivo. The mean arterial pressure, pulse rate, arterial blood gases, pH and level of serum electrolytes were measured at every 2 minute interval for 30 minutes. Results were as follows: 1) There was no significant vasoconstriction with 0.5% lidocaine and 0.125% bupivacaine. 2) Statistically significant (p<0.05) vasodilations were observed with lidocaine (1.0~2.0%) and bupivacaine (0.25~0.5%). 3) There were no changes on the duration of vasodilation induced by local anesthetic agents of various concentrations. 4) Onset of vasodilation induced by local anesthetic agents of high concentration were faster than that of lower concentrations. 5) In the mixed injection group of epinephrine and local anesthetic agent, the vasoconstriction induced by epinephrine was completely reversed by local anesthetics, approximately 5 minutes later. In conclusion, local anesthetic agents at dose exceeding 1.0% lidocaine and 0.25% bupivacaine increase local blood flow significantly in animal study in vivo which is applicable in human clinical settings. The increase blood flow may be due to dilatation of blood vessel. Further study on the analysis of association between amount of absorbed local anesthetics in blood vessels and dilatation of blood vessels is needed.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.299-315
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• 1997

The present experiments were designed to investigate the effects of Samsaengyeum. water extracts on the Cardiovascular System in the Experimental Animals. Thus, the changes of blood pressure and heart rate were measured after oral administration. Measurement of Mortality rate was observed for measuring the effect of Samsaengyeum water extract Samsaengyeum water extract against pulmonary thromboembolism induced by collagen the mixture(0.1me/10g, 2mg/kg B.W) plus serotonin(5mg/kg B.W) in mouse. The effect of Samsaengyeiim water extract was examined by observing the change of collagen-induced platelet aggregation, coagulation activity, ex vivo and in vitro fibrinolytic activity of euglobulin fraction in rats. The results were summarized as followings. 1. Samsaengyeum dropped the blood pressure in spontaneous hypertensive rat. 2. The drug increased the auricular blood flow in rabbit. 3. The drug relaxed the artery contraction by pretreated norepinephrine in rat. 4. The drug inhibited the death rate of mouse which was led to thromboembolism by serotonin and collagen. 5. The drug inhibited the platelet aggregation in rat. 6. The drug prolonged the prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time on the test of plasma coagulation factor activity in rat, but was not valuable. 7. The drug reduced the fibrinogen lyses time and increased the lyses area of rat. 8. Samsaengyeum reduced fibrinogen lyses time of rat in vitro assay. According to the above mentioned results, Samsaengyeum increased the blood flow and dropped the blood pressure by the dilation of blood vessel. And the drug inhibited the platelet aggregation.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.295-300
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• 2004

코일을 동맥류에 삽입하여 동맥류 내부 유동 정체를 유발하므로 동맥류를 치료 방법이 최근 많이 사용되고있다. 동맥류의 내부를 코일로 완전히 채우지 못하고 부분 폐색할 경우가 발생하며, 동맥류의 부분 폐색 위치에 따라 혈류 유동이 변하므로 이는 동맥류 내부의 혈전 형성에 영향을 미필 수 있다. 또한 동맥류가 발생한 모혈관의 형상에 따라 동맥류로 유입되는 유동 특성이 변하므로, 모혈관의 형상에 따라 효율적인 동맥류 폐색을 위한 코일의 위치가 변할 수 있다. 효율적인 동맥류 폐색을 위한 코일 위치를 제시하기 위하여 내경 동맥에서 발생한 측방 동맥류의 부분 폐색위치와 내경 동맥의 형상에 따른 동맥류 내부 유동장을 수치해석을 이용하여 해석하였다. 3차원 맥동 유동장은 혈액의 비뉴톤성 점성 특성을 고려하여 계산되었다. 또한 동맥류 폐색에 영향을 미치는 유체역학적 인자인 동맥류 유입 유량 및 벽전단응력을 계산하였다. 코일은 동맥류 목에 삽입하였을 경우에는 천정부에 삽입한 경우에 비해 동맥류 내부로 혈류의 유입을 감소되었다. 임계 벽전단응력 이하의 저 전단응력지역은 곡선형 모혈관에 비해 직선형 모혈관에서 컸으며, 원위부 목 폐색 모델에서 가장 크게 나타났다. 따라서 동맥류 원위부 목은 동맥류 내부로의 혈류 유입이 감소하고, 저 전단응력 지역을 크게하는 코일 위치이므로, 이 위치는 동맥류 색전술시 혈전의 형성으로 인한 동맥류 폐색에 적합한 위치로 예상된다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2005

Objectives : This study was carried to identify the component of the Pericardium Meridian Muscle in human. Methods : The regional muscle group was divided into outer, middle, and inner layer. The inner part of body surface were opened widely to demonstrate muscles, nerve, blood vessels and to expose the inner structure of the Pericardium Meridian Muscle in the order of layers. Results We obtained the results as follows; He Perfcardium Meridian Muscle composed of the muscles, nerves and blood vessels. In human anatomy, it is present the difference between terms (that is, nerves or blood vessels which control the muscle of the Pericardium Meridian Muscle and those which pass near by the Pericardium Meridian Muscle). The inner composition of the Pericardium Meridian Muscle in human is as follows ; 1) Muscle P-1 : pectoralis major and minor muscles, intercostalis muscle(m.) P-2 : space between biceps brachialis m. heads. P-3 : tendon of biceps brachialis and brachialis m. P-4 : space between flexor carpi radialis m. and palmaris longus m. tendon(tend.), flexor digitorum superficialis m., flexor digitorum profundus m. P-5 : space between flexor carpi radialis m. tend. and palmaris longus m. tend., flexor digitorum superficialis m., flexor digitorum profundus m. tend. P-6 : space between flexor carpi radialis m. tend. and palmaris longus m. tend., flexor digitorum profundus m. tend., pronator quadratus m. H-7 : palmar carpal ligament, flexor retinaculum, radiad of flexor digitorum superficialis m. tend., ulnad of flexor pollicis longus tend. radiad of flexor digitorum profundus m. tend. H-8 : palmar carpal ligament, space between flexor digitorum superficialis m. tends., adductor follicis n., palmar interosseous m. H-9 : radiad of extensor tend. insertion. 2) Blood vessel P-1 : lateral cutaneous branch of 4th. intercostal artery, pectoral br. of Ihoracoacrornial art., 4th. intercostal artery(art) P-3 : intermediate basilic vein(v.), brachial art. P4 : intermediate antebrachial v., anterior interosseous art. P-5 : intermediate antebrarhial v., anterior interosseous art. P-6 : intermediate antebrachial v., anterior interosseous art. P-7 : intermediate antebrachial v., palmar carpal br. of radial art., anterior interosseous art. P-8 : superficial palmar arterial arch, palmar metacarpal art. P-9 : dorsal br. of palmar digital art. 3) Nerve P-1 : lateral cutaneous branch of 4th. intercostal nerve, medial pectoral nerve, 4th. intercostal nerve(n.) P-2 : lateral antebrachial cutaneous n. P-3 : medial antebrachial cutaneous n., median n. musrulocutaneous n. P-4 : medial antebrachial cutaneous n., anterior interosseous n. median n. P-5 : median n., anterior interosseous n. P-6 : median n., anterior interosseous n. P-7 : palmar br. of median n., median n., anterior interosseous n. P-8 : palmar br. of median n., palmar digital br. of median n., br. of median n., deep br. of ulnar n. P-9 : dorsal br. of palmar digital branch of median n. Conclusions : This study shows some differences from already established study on meridian Muscle.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제39권11호
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• pp.790-796
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• 2016

Dental pulp is a highly vascularized tissue requiring adequate blood supply for successful regeneration. In this study, we investigated the functional role of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) as a perivascular source for in vivo formation of vessel-like structures. Primarily isolated SHEDs showed mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like characteristics including the expression of surface antigens and in vitro osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potentials. Moreover, SHEDs were positive for NG2, ${\alpha}$-smooth muscle actin (SMA), platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta ($PDGFR{\beta}$), and CD146 as pericyte markers. To prove feasibility of SHEDs as perivascular source, SHEDs were transplanted into immunodeficient mouse using Matrigel with or without human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Transplantation of SHEDs alone or HUVECs alone resulted in no formation of vessel-like structures with enough red blood cells. However, when SHEDs and HUVECs were transplanted together, extensive vessel-like structures were formed. The presence of murine erythrocytes within lumens suggested the formation of anastomoses between newly formed vessel-like structures in Matrigel plug and the host circulatory system. To understand underlying mechanisms of in vivo angiogenesis, the expression of angiogenic cytokine and chemokine, their receptors, and MMPs was compared between SHEDs and HUVECs. SHEDs showed higher expression of1VEGF, SDF-$1{\alpha}$, and $PDGFR{\beta}$ than HUVECs. On the contrary, HUVECs showed higher expression of VEGF receptors, CXCR4, and PDGF-BB than SHEDs. This differential expression pattern suggested reciprocal interactions between SHEDs and HUVECs and their involvement during in vivo angiogenesis. In conclusion, SHEDs could be a feasible source of perivascular cells for in vivo angiogenesis.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.105-108
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• 2010

Objective : Some neurosurgeons intentionally ligate the branches of the superficial temporal artery (STA) that are not used in standard STA-to-middle cerebral artery (MCA) anastomosis for the purpose of improving the flow rate in the bypass graft. We investigated changes in bypass flow during temporary occlusion of such unused branches of the STA. Methods : Bypass blood flow was measured by a quantitative microvascular ultrasonic flow probe before and after temporary occlusion of branches of the STA that were not used for anastomosis. We performed measurements on twelve subjects and statistically assessed changes in flow. We also examined all the patients with digital subtraction angiography in order to observe any post-operative changes in STA diameter. Results : Initial STA flow ranged from 15 mL/min to 85 mL/min, and the flow did not change significantly during occlusion as compared with preocclusion flow. The occlusion time was extended by 30 minutes in all cases, but this did not contribute to any significant flow change. Conclusion : The amount of bypass flow in the STA seems to be influenced not by donor vessel status but by recipient vessel demand. Ligation of the unused STA branch after completion of anastomosis does not contribute to improvement in bypass flow immediately after surgery, and furthermore, carries some risk of skin necrosis. It is better to leave the unused branch of the STA intact for use in secondary operation and to prevent donor vessel occlusion.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.951-956
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• 2011

관상동맥 조영술은 관상동맥 협착을 검사하거나 치료를 하는데 널리 사용되고 있다. 특히, 카테터를 혈관에 삽입 시, 시술자는 혈관에 손상을 주지 말아야 하는 어려움을 가지고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위해 최근 여러 연구자들이 혈관 영상의 에지 추출 기반 방법과 최적의 쓰레쉬홀드 기법 등에 관하여 많은 연구를 진행하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 방법들은 영상의 선명도와 화질에 따라서 그 성능의 차이가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위해 새로운 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 알고리즘은 다중 샘플링과 보간법, 쓰레쉬홀드, 오검출 제거 등으로 구성되어 있다. 제안된 알고리즘의 성능을 평가하기 위해 다양한 혈관 조영 영상을 사용하였으며, 그 결과, 제안된 기법이 카테터의 삽입 경로를 추출하는데 효과적이었다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.415-420
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• 2011

Diabetes is a well-known independent risk factor for vascular disease. However, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. It has been reported that increased influx of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) induces O-GlcNAcylation of proteins, leading to insulin resistance. In this study, we determined whether or not O-GlcNAc modification of proteins could increase vessel contraction. Using an endothelium-denuded aortic ring, we observed that glucosamine induced OGlcNAcylation of proteins and augmented vessel contraction stimulated by U46619, a thromboxane $A_2$ agonist, via augmentation of the phosphorylation of MLC20$MLC_{20}$, MYPT1(Thr855), and CPI17, but not phenylephrine. Pretreatment with OGT inhibitor significantly ameliorated glucosamine-induced vessel constriction. Glucosamine treatment also increased RhoA activity, which was also attenuated by OGT inhibitor. In conclusion, glucosamine, a product of glucose influx via the HBP in a diabetic state, increases vascular contraction, at least in part, through activation of the RhoA/Rho kinase pathway, which may be due to O-GlcNAcylation.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.655-656
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• 2008