• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.213-223
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• 2012

In this study, two experiments were conducted to evaluate the total mixed ration with fermented feed (TMRF) and total mixed ration (TMR) by rumen in vitro fermentation and their effects on the growth performance and blood characteristics of Hanwoo steers. In experiment 1, three Hanwoo steers ($600{\pm}47$ kg), each permanently fitted with a ruminal cannula were used. In this experiment, three diets designated as T1, TMRF (18.4% fermented feed, tall fescue, mammoth wild rye forage and whole crop barley); T2, TMRF (17.7% fermented feed, rice straw and whole crop barley); and T3, TMR (rice straw, whole crop barley and probiotics, but no fermented feed), which were subjected to rumen in vitro fermentation for 48 h. The results demonstrated that DM disappearance rate gradually increased with advancing fermentation time, but T1 and T2 were higher than the T3 (p<0.05) from 3 h to 12 h, but insignificant (p>0.05) at 24 and 48 h. None of the specific VFAs were affected except for acetic and non volatile lactic acids, which were produced more in T2 than in T1 and T3 at 24 h and 48 h of incubation. A/P was lower in T1 and T2 than inT3 at 24 h (p<0.05) and 48 h (p>0.05) of incubation. These results confirmed that TMRF-related treatment shows a superior performance to that of TMR during the ruminal fermentation period. In experiment 2, the three diets in experiment 1 plus 1 more control diet (concentrates, probiotics and 2% rice straw of body weight) were fed to the 48 Hanwoo steers ($160{\pm}10$ kg) for a period of 168 d. The results demonstrated that the daily and total live weight gain and feed efficiency were higher (p<0.05) in the TMRF and TMR groups than in the control group. SGOT, SGPT and BUN (p<0.05) were reduced in TMRF relative to the control and TMR groups by 168 d which confirmed that TMRF shows better blood profiles than the TMR and control groups. Overall, these results appear to show that TMRF has better in vitro ruminal characteristics than those of TMR; growth performance and blood profiles were also found to be superior in TMRF than in the TMR and control groups. Thus, our findings suggest that TMRF-based feed supplies are favorable for Hanwoo cattle.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.346-360
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• 2006

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of home-visiting nutrition education for the elderly with high fasting glucose level in an urban community. The study subjects were 40 elderly people, whose information on general characteristics, anthropometric measurement, biochemical indices, nutrition knowledge, nutrition attitude, dietary habit, food intake and nutrient intake were obtained at baseline. The education group received 6 weekly visits of home-visiting nutrition education from 15 March to 25 April 2004. In the baseline-survey, the education group and non-education group showed no differences in their general characteristics, health-related characteristics, anthropometric measurements, biochemical indices, nutrition knowledge, nutrition attitudes, dietary habits, and food and nutrient intake levels. The difference of mean change of nutrition knowledge, nutrition attitude and dietary habit after home-visiting nutrition education had been studied. The nutrition knowledge score increased by 1.4 in the education group; however, those in the non-education group which increased by 0.4, thus, the differences of mean change were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The nutrition attitude score increased by 1.2 in the education group; however, those in the non-education group decreased by 0.4, thus, the differences of mean change were statistically significant (p < 0.01). The dietary habit score increased by 1.7 in the education group; however, those in the non-education group decreased by 2.8, thus, the differences of mean change were statistically significant (p < 0.01). The difference of mean change of anthropometric indices and biochemical indices in education group and the non-education group was not significant. Looking over the zcereals and their products, vegetables, seaweeds, meats and their products, and fish than the non-education group. The MAR increased by 0.06 in the education group; however, that in the non-education group increased by 0.01, thus, the differences of mean change were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The differences of mean change of fasting blood glucose and biochemical indices after home-visiting nutrition education were studied. Fasting blood glucose decreased by 7.6 mg/dL in the education group; however, in the non-education group which increased by 0.4 mg/dL, the difference of mean change was not significant (p = 0.051). The above findings suggest that home visiting nutrition education increases the nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude, as well as, it is effective to change dietary habits. If the education period is extended, not fasting blood glucose improvement was insignificant, but fasting blood glucose improvement ability could be found by changing dietary habits.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.67-77
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of bio-ion water on growth performance, blood characteristics and meat quality in pigs. Ninety nine crossbreed pigs $(Landrace{\times}Yorkshire{\times}Duroc)$ were randomly allotted to three treatments; CON (basal diet), T1 (basal diet with bio ion water from growing period), T2 (basal diet with bio ion water from finishing period). There were no significant differences in growth performance and carcass characteristics of pigs among treatments. The red blood cell and white blood cell were significantly higher (P<0.05) in diet added with bio ion water than the control. Proximate analysis (%), meat color, pH, drip loss (%), cooking loss (%) and shear force $(kg/cm^{2})$ were not significantly different (P>0.05) among treatments. The treatment 1 had lower saturated fatty acid (SFA) to unsaturated fatty acid ratio, but higher UFA concentration than those of control. The aroma of cooked meat in T1 was higher than other treatments. Thereby, overall acceptability sensory score of cooked meat in T1 tended to be higher than other treatments.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.200-209
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was to identify the prevalence of orthostatic hypotension and its association with risk factors of orthostatic hypotension aged over 60 in Seoul and Chungju, Korea. Method: The data were collected from the 22th of August, 2000 to the 7th May 2001. The participants were 74 community-dwelling aged who could stand up from sitting position without assistance. Subjects were interviewed with structured questionnaire in order to ask experience of previous falls, hours in per day, symptoms related orthostatic hypotension and demographic characteristics. Orthostatic hypotension was assessed at 1 minute after the subjects standing from sitting position and defined as 20mmHg or greater decrease in systolic blood pressure after standing. Result: The prevalence of orthostatic hypotension was 17.1%. The mean drop of systolic blood pressure was 27.46mmHg among orthostatic hypotension subjects. The significant variables which explain the occurrence of orthostatic hypotension was the basal systolic blood pressure, the hit ratio of discriminant function with basal systolic blood pressure was 69.7%. Conclusion: Finding indicate that this study will contribute to develop nursing strategies to identify risk factors and to prevent orthostatic hypotension for the aged.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.561-567
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• 2003

As an attempt to develop new functional health beverage by using medicinal herb, Artemisia capillaris, we investigated the effect of scopoletin in Artemisia capillaris on vessel and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) of rats ingesting health drink prepared with Artemisia capillaris extracts and various ingredients. Artemisia capillaris extract decreased the vessel contraction and increased rCBF significantly. The extracts were grouped by heat temperature and mixed ratio and tested their respective characteristics. Then each condition was combined and produced the most effective one. The drink produced consisted of Artemisia capillaris extract 42%, honey 9.8%, citric acid 0.035%, cyclodextrin 1.47% and water. Brix, pH and acidity of the product were 9.2, 4.4 and 0.04%, respectively, This drink scored to have highest level on overall acceptance by the sensory evaluation. The above results showed that development of such functional beverage using Artemisia capillaris can be used as a functional material improving blood circulation in beverage industry.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2011

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the dietary intake and blood concentrations for examination of exposure levels and exposure characteristics of Cd and Pb via food among college students aged 20 years living in Busan area. Methods: Food duplicate per a day and venous blood samples were accepted from healthy man and women college students. The samples were analyzed with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: Dietary intake of Cd and Pb in the participants were $17.5{\mu}g\;Cd/day$, $21.7{\mu}g\;Pb/day$. Blood concentrations were $2.01{\mu}g\;Cd/L$, $4.32{\mu}g\;Pb/dL$, respectively. Conclusions: Smoking and drinking habits might be high influential factors in 20 years college students. Dietary intake of Cd and Pb, however, from food group of seaweed, or fish and shellfish in 20 years college students were lower than that in any other age group.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.295-302
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• 2008

In the present study, we examined the changes of uptake and efflux of taurine under various conditions inducing oxidative stress using rat conditionally immortalized syncytiotrophoblast cell line, TR-TBT cell, as blood-placental barrier in vitro model. In addition, we identified the characteristics of taurine transport in TR-TBT cells including general features, besides effect of calcium ion on taurine transport. Taurine uptake showed time, $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ dependency, and was decreased by PKC activator in TR-TBT cells. Also, calcium free condition decreased taurine uptake and evoked taurine efflux in the cells. Oxidative stress induced the change of taurine transport in TR-TBT cells, but the changes were different depending on the types of stimulation inducing oxidative stress. The taurine uptake was increased by TNF-$\alpha$, LPS and DEM stimulation but decreased by $H_2O_2$ and NO stimulation. Also, the taurine efflux was regulated by TNF-$\alpha$ stimulation. In conclusion, the taurine transport through the blood-placental barrier was regulated in oxidative stress conditions, and these results demonstrated that oxidative stress affected the taurine supplies to fetus and taurine level of fetus.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.45-50
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• 2011

Compared to that in the Caucasian population, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) incidence rates are very low in Koreans. Therefore, compared to the recent development of pharmacological therapy applicable to Korean children with T1DM, interest in nonpharmacological therapy and psychosocial support systems remains low, as is the development of Korean-style T1DM education programs for therapeutic application. Children who have been newly diagnosed with diabetes are placed in completely new environments for treatment. For appropriate control of diabetes, patients have to self-monitor blood glucose levels and inject insulin several times a day and must use extreme self-control when they eat foods to avoid increases in blood glucose levels. Blood glucose excursions resulting from impaired pancreatic ${\beta}$ cell functions cause mental stress due to vague fears of chronic complications of diabetes. In addition, children with diabetes cannot be excluded from the substantial amount of studies required of Korean adolescents, and the absolute shortage of time for ideal control of diabetes adds to their mental stress. Many of these patients are psychologically isolated in school where they spend most of their time, and they are not appropriately considered or supported with respect to blood glucose control in many cases. In this respect, this author will introduce some of the newest views on nonpharmacological therapy and psychosocial support systems that account for important parts of T1DM management and seek measures to apply them in conformity with the social characteristics of Korea.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.55-67
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• 2011

Through analyzing the frequencies of medicinal herb combinations in the prescriptions of "Bangyakhappyeon(方藥合編)", we could understand the characteristics of prescription composition and author's medical thoughts. So we conducted this study that analyze combination of 324 medicinal herbs in 467 prescriptions, and found meaningful combinations of 5,045. Among these, the most meaningful combination is the one of 10 herbs, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer, Angelica gigas Nakai, Ziziphus jujube Mille, Atractylodes japonica Koidzumi, Poria cocas Wolf, Zingiber officinale, Rehmanniae radix preparata, Cinnamomum loureirii, Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer, Astragalus membranaceus. This combination is Sibjeondaebo-tang(Shiquandabu-tang) without Cnidium officinale and Paeonia japonica which compose Samul-tang(Siwu-tang). It means this combination is kind of modified Sibjeondaebo-tang(Shiquandabu-tang), which is more effective in tonifying qi than tonifying blood. Prescriptions of "Bangyakhappyeon(方藥合編)" involve herbs mostly used to improve weak and frail health and the herbs which are more effective in tonifying qi than tonifying blood. Through this study, we know the author' s one of medical view points on tonifying qi and blood, attaching importance to tonifying qi relatively to tonifying blood.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.123-131
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• 2020

Portable blood glucose meters (PBGMs) are widely used because of their practicality. However, the accuracy of PBGMs has frequently been questioned. The objectives of this study were to evaluate factors that might interfere with measurements made using PBGMs, and to assess the clinical utility of 6 PBGMs. The glucose concentrations measured using the PBGMs were compared with those obtained using a reference method. The agreement between the measured values was assessed using Spearman correlation analysis, Passing-Bablok regression analysis, Bland-Altman plots, and consensus error grid analysis. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed to identify the parameters affecting glucose measurement. The results indicated that all of the PBGMs tested perform adequately for use in veterinary practice. In most cases, measurements made using PBGM corresponded well with the blood glucose values obtained using the reference method. Error grid analysis revealed that most of the PBGM values fell within zones A and B. However, some measurements of blood glucose concentrations < 80 mg/dL fell into zone C. PCV, and triglyceride and total protein concentration, significantly affected the output of some of the PBGMs. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of the characteristics of the PBGM that they use.