• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.729-750
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• 1998

The purpose of this Review is to help activities of daily living by normalizing bodily functions through the use of negative pressure. Cupping therapy has been holding the important role as a form of treatment in ancient medicine of Oriental and Occidental country, and still being used widely due to it's effectiveness. Principle of Cupping therapy is to neutralize somatic dysfunctions by elimination of nonphysiological somatic fluid of hematoma through application of negative pressure on region of dermatomal meridian. The effectiveness of Cupping therapy as follows; 1) Effects on acid base balance of bodily fluid. 2) Through the reabsorption of subcutaneous hematoma, it affects on formation of immune system and produce the blood serum cleaning reaction. 3) By application of negative pressure on subcutaneous, induce renal system to produce steroid hormone. 4) By stimulating hemopoietic system, it maxmize the blood production level. Recently, Alternative medicine has been a focus due to it's nature of effectiveness and safety without adverse complication. Therefore, every family possess and use the cupping modality for preventive measure and/or treatment purpose in order to eliminate accumulated byproducts of body and clean the blood system.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2006

현재 대기중 $CO_2$ 농도를 감소시키기 위하여 $CO_2$를 해양에 격리 처리하고자 하는 방안이 모색되고 있으나 이러한 방안은 해양생물 및 생태계에 미치는 영향 정도에 따라 그 실현가능성이 결정될 것이다. 본 연구에서는 $CO_2$ 해양격리 처리와 관련하여 수행되어온 연구들을 정리하고, $CO_2$ 농도가 높아진 해양환경에서의 해양생물 특히 어류를 대상으로 수행된 최근의 연구결과를 정리하였다. $CO_2$ 농도의 증가는 어류에 있어 산염기조절, 호흡순환기적 조절 등과 같은 생리적 기능에 영향을 끼치고 결국 어류의 폐사를 초래할 것이다. $CO_2$가 해양생물에게 어떠한 영향을 미치는가에 대한 연구는 주로 천해어종을 대상으로 하여 진행되어 왔으나 향후의 연구는 천해어종에 대한 연구결과를 바탕으로 $CO_2$가 실제로 격리 처리되는 심해에서 $CO_2$에 대한 생물들의 응답에 관하여 조사할 필요가 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.41-44
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• 1971

Thiocyanate space was determined in 23 bilaterally nephrectomized rabbits in acute metabolic acidosis and alkalosis. Acid-base disturbances were induced by the infusion of 0.3 N HCI or 0.3 N NaOH solution intravenously with the rate of 1 ml/min for 40 to 60 minutes. The blood pressure was monitored throughout the experiment and no changes in blood pressure was confirmed. The following results were obtained. 1. In the saline infused control rabbits, PH was 7.385 with negligible change in pH after the infusion, SCN space was 23.6% of body weight. 2. In the metabolic acidosis group, pH dropped from 7.417 to 7 130 and SCN space was 22.8% of body weight and suggested a negligible change in the extracellular space volume. 3. In the metabolic alkalosis group, pH increased from 7.393 to 7.478 and SCN space was 25.7% of body weight which confirmed a significant increase in the extracellular space volume.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.432-441
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• 1998

The electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrolytes were measured to obtain diagnostic data after experimental obstruction of duodenum in 8 dogs. Clinical signs of these appeared lower heart rate, temperatures respiration and blood pressure than signs of preoperation. In changes of electrolytes and acid-base balances, all dogs appeared hyponatremiai hypochloremia, metabolic alkalosis, and increased pHi HCO3, scot in blood, but potassium values appeared to increase in 3 cases fl-inc.) and to decrease in 5 cases (K- dec.) Two of three in K-inc. and three of five in K-dec. died at 60 hrs and 72 hrs after obstruction respectly. In changes of ECGI amplitudes of the K-inc cases appeared high in T wave and low in R wave, but amplitudes of the K-dec cases appeared low T waver 57 segment and high in R wave. Conduction times of the K-inc appeared the shorted PR intervals but the K-dec appeared the prolonged PR interval. The changes of these appeared apparently in lead II.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2019

Avian malaria is one of the most important general blood parasites of poultry in Southeast Asia. Plasmodium (P.) juxtanucleare causes avian malaria in wild and domestic fowl. This study aimed to identify and characterize the Plasmodium species infecting in Thai native fowl. Blood samples were collected for microscopic examination, followed by detection of the Plasmodium cox I gene by using PCR. Five of the 10 sampled fowl had the desired 588 base pair amplicons. Sequence analysis of the five amplicons indicated that the nucleotide and amino acid sequences were homologous to each other and were closely related (100% identity) to a P. juxtanucleare strain isolated in Japan (AB250415). Furthermore, the phylogenetic tree of the cox I gene showed that the P. juxtanucleare in this study were grouped together and clustered with the Japan strain. The presence of P. juxtanucleare described in this study is the first report of P. juxtanucleare in the Thai native fowl of Thailand.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.395-402
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• 1979

Intracellular pH was determined by distribution of 5.5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidlnedione [DMO]in the skeletal muscle of dogs before and after lactic acidosis induced by intravenous infusion of lactic acid solution. After infusion of lactic acid solution arterial pH decreased from 7.40 to around 7.12 [P<0.001]and metabolic acidosis was induced. However, dose-pH change response was not proportional as in the case of hydrochloric acid infusion. During lactic acidosis, intracellular pH changed very little except when venous blood $pCO_2$ increased significantly. The decrease of intracellular pH in lactic acidosis might be due primarily to the increase of intracellular $pCO_2$. And during lactic acidosis, change of extracellular pH was larger than that of intracellular pH, and this was also the case of change In hydrogen Ion concentration in extracellular and intracellular fluid. The fact was estimated that exogenous lactic acid transported into the cell does not contribute to pH change by the participation in the metabolism. Change in plasma potassium Ion concentration was not eminent as metabolic acid-base disturbances by other origin, and changing pattern of Hi/He ratio was not same as Ki/Ke ratio. In spite of no changes in extracellular potassium ion concentration after exogenous lactic acidosis total amount of potassium ion in extracellular fluid increased from 12.62mEg to 18.26mEg [P< 0.05].

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.73-90
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• 1970

Clinical perfusion data on 16 cases of cardiopulmonary bypass using Sigmamotor pump and RyggKyvsgaard Oxygenator which performed at Seoul National University Hospital during the period of Aug. 1968 to Aug. 1970 was analized. AIl cases were hemodiluted and the perfusion was carried out under the normothermic condition. The age of the patients ranged between 6 and 43 years. The b:dy weight varied between 18.3 and 54.0 kg and the body surface area between 0.78 and 1. 59$M^2$. The priming solution was consiste:I with fresh ACD blood. Hartmann solution and Mannitol. The average amount of priming was approximately 2242 ml. The average hemodilution rate was 17%. The flow rate ranged from 1.7L to 3.5L/Min/$M^2$ and averaged 2.4L/Min/$M^2$ or 78mI/Min/kg. The duration of perfusion varied from 22 to 110 min with average of 56.9 minutes. Some hemodynamic responses were observed. The arterial pressure dropped immediately after the initiation of partial perfusion and was more marked after the total perfusion foIlowed by gradual increase to the safety level. The central venous pressure reflected the reduced blood volume especially in the cases of prolonged perfusion which lasted over 60 min. In most of the cases, red blood cell count decreased and white blood ceIl count increased after the perfusion. Hemoglobin level was decreased, averaging of 12.5mg%, Hct 3.3% and platelets count of 18% postoperatively. Plasma hemoglobin increased mildly, from pre-perfusion average value of 4. 06mg% to postperfusion value of 22.5mg%. Serum potassium was 4.4mEq/L pre-operatively and was decreased to 3.7mEq/L postoperatively. Five cases showed definite hypopotassemia immediately after the operation. Sodium and chloride decreased mildly. These electrolyte changes are thought to be related with hemodilution. diuretics and reduced blood volume during and after the perfusion. Arterial blood pH value revealed minimal to moderate elevation from preperfusion average value of 7.376 to 7.461 during perfusion and then 7.365 after perfusion. The pC02 and hicarbonate showed minimal to moderately lowered values. The total CO2 was decreased. Buffer base decreased during perfusion (Av. 42.6mEq/L) and further decreased after the perfusion (Av. 40.8mEq/L). These arterial blood acid base changes suggested that the metabolic acidosis was accompanied by respiratory alkalosis during and immediately after the perfusion. Authors belived that the acidosis could more effectively be corrected with the more additional dose of bicarbonate than we used by this study. The chest tune drainage during the first 24 hours following operation was 1158 ml in average. One case (Case No. 15) showd definite bleeding tendency and it was believed that the cause might be due to the defect of heparin and protamine titration. The average urinary out put during 24 hours post-perfusion was 1291ml. One case (Case No. ]) showed definite post perfusion oliguria. As conclusion hemodilution using fresh ACD blood. Hartmann and Mannitol solution added with Bivon and high flow rate unler normothermia. was thought to amelioratc the severity of mctabolic acidosis during and after perfusion with relatively satisfactory effect on the diuresis and bleeding tendency.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.508-513
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• 2018

세보플루란에 의한 일회 환기량은 낮은 용량에서는 호흡수의 증가로 안정적이다. 그러나 진정 깊이가 증가하면 폐포 환기는 세보플루란에 의해 감소되어 결과적으로는 $PaCO_2$가 증가한다. 호흡 억제의 발생은 깊이 진정된 장애 환자에서 심한 저산소증과 고탄산혈증의 위험을 증가시킨다. 세보플루란 흡입 마취는 여러 위험성이 내제되어 있으며 체내 산 염기 상태에 따라 혈역학적 변화가 발생하기에 예기치 못한 문제 상황이 발생할 수 있다. 세보플루란으로 장애인의 마취 유도 시 발생하는 호흡 억제로 인한 체내 산 염기 상태가 안정한지 알아보고자 이 연구를 진행하였다. 마취 유도는 4 vol% 세보플루란, 4 L/min 아산화질소, 4 L/min 산소를 자발 호흡 하에서 환자 안면부에 마스크를 거치하여 유도하였다. 그 뒤 환자의 의식소실 및 근육 긴장 완화 후 즉시 전문가에 의해 IV line을 거치한 뒤 정맥 채혈을 하여 정맥 내 혈액가스 분석을 하였다. 깊은 진정 상태에서 전체 환자의 평균 pH는 $7.36{\pm}0.06$으로 측정되었다. $PvCO_2$는 전체 환자에서는 평균 $48.8{\pm}8.50mmHg$로 측정되었다. $HCO_3{^-}$는 전체 환자에서 평균 $27.2{\pm}3.0mmol/L$로 측정되었다. 결론적으로 장애인을 대상으로 한 치과 진료시 세보플루란을 이용한 흡입 진정에 대한 체내 산 염기 반응은 비교적 안정적이었다.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.54-57
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• 2012

3세된 환아가 응급실에 혼수와 복통을 주소로 전원되었다. 응급실에서 시행한 신체 진찰에서 drowsy한 정신상태를 나타내었으나 다른 신경학적 검사에서 특별한 이상 소견을 보이지는 않았다. 시행한 혈액 및 소변 검사에서 고글리세롤혈증(hyperglycerolemia), 케톤혈증(ketonemia) 및 케톤요증(ketonuria)이 있었다. 아침 첫 소변으로 시행한 소변 유기산 검사에서 현저한 고글리세롤요증이 발견되었으며, 암모니아의 상승, 음이온차의 상승, 전해질의 이상 등의 소견이 없어 단독성 GKD를 의심하였다. GK 유전자 검사를 시행한 결과 exon 11 주위 인트론에서 4염기가 삽입된 새로운 돌연변이를 확인하여 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.69-88
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• 1973

Twenty-one cases of open mitral commissurotomy were done between October 1963 and March 1973. 1] Preoperative embolism consists of 7 cerebral and 2 peripheral cases. Two operative cerebral embolism cases were noted. 2] There were two cases of restenosis, one associated valvular disease, three mitral insufficiency cases, and six cases of pulmonary hypertension. 3] Out of 21 cases, 13 cases of atrial fibrillation were found and two cases of atrial fibrillation were found postoperatively among 8 cases of preoperatively normal sinus rhythm. 4] During operation 10 cases of valvular calcification and 6 cases of left atrial thrombus were noted. 5] Complete blood count, electrolyte and acid base balance showed normal range of data. 6] Four helix reservoir whole blood total body perfusion and 17 cases of .hemodilution perfusion utilizing Rygg-Kyvsgaard bag oxygenator with sigma motor were performed. 7] EACA 125 mg/kg intravenous administration before cardiopulmonary bypass resulted in markedly diminished postoperative bleeding. 8] Post-perfusion urine amount was in satisfactory range. 9] There were 2 operative mortality due to coronary embolism and three cases of hospital death, 2 due to severe hepatic failure and one due to cerebral embolism. 10] Sixteen survival cases showed marked clinical improvements and almost all of them returned to their occupation satisfactorily after operation.