• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2007

Sphenoid sinus aspergillosis is notorious for its serious complications, such as permanent cranial nerve deficits and possible death. The most common associated symptoms are headache, followed by visual changes, and cranial nerve palsies. Because of an insidious onset, frequently resulting in missed and delayed diagnosis, sphenoid sinus aspergillosis is a potentially lethal medical condition. We report a case of visual loss secondary to isolated sphenoid sinus aspergillosis. A 69-year-old man presented to our hospital with the complaint of headache. The headache started one year previously and was described as severe dull pain localized bilaterally to the temporo-orbital region. The patient took daily NSAIDs for the pain. The neurological examination was normal. The MRI of the brain showed a left sphenoid sinusitis. A transnasal endoscopic superior meatal sphenoidotomy was performed. Aspergillosis was confirmed after a surgical biopsy was obtained. The patient was discharged from hospital without antifungal therapy. One month later, the patient complained of headache and loss of vision bilaterally. The orbital MRI showed a left cavernous sinus and bilateral optic nerve invasion. The loss of visions was permanent. In our case, the diagnosis was delayed; antifungal agents were not administered after surgery and the patient lost his vision as a result. Therefore, early diagnosis and proper treatment are important. Although the treatment of an invasive type of aspergillus has not been established, surgical removal of a nidus and aggressive antifungal therapy are recommended.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.450-467
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• 2014

Modern society attaches great important to state of the technology, but, unconscious desire and subconscious are also discussed in an important value. In the social background of such madness is acting as an artistic inspirational to the many people. At such a time, fashion photographs also being used medium which speak for people's desire. Editorial fashion photographs with unusual stories or including experimental visual elements unlike fashion advertising have increasing. The subject of this study is the formative characteristics in recognition of madness from ancient times until now and find out new meaning of the unusual and informal form of editorial fashion photographs showed in Vogue Italia since 2000. The analysis data of this study, we used 36 photographs of editorial fashion photographs taken by Steven Meisel, Tim Walker and Miles Aldriege. The final process of analysis made in with agreement of 10 major people. We used photograph's basic visual elements as analysis to avoid arbitrary interpretations. The content of this study is drawing in editorial fashion photographs from the viewpoint of Michael Foucault's Madness theory, Deleuze and Felix Guattari's Madness as the aspects of desire. The madness images in the editorial fashion photographs were showed as Decadence, Blindness, Violence and Grotesque based on the analysis results from above. The formative characteristics of editorial fashion photographs enabled the awareness on the value and importance of madness in modern society. These editorial fashion photographs can be the source of our wider perspectives for changing recognition of madness.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.243-256
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• 2018

본 연구는 시각장애인을 대상으로 한 음악 연구의 동향을 살펴보기 위해 1998년부터 2017년까지 국내 국제 학술지에 게재된 총 62편의 학술논문을 내용분석 하였다. 발표연대, 학술지 분야, 연구방법, 연구유형, 연구주제, 연령, 장애특성을 분석틀로 하였다. 연구결과, 최근 10년간 국내 외 모두 논문 편수가 급증하였으며, 교육학, 치료학 등 다양한 분야로 확대되는 경향을 보였다. 연구방법에서 국내는 조사연구가 압도적으로 많은 반면, 국외는 질적연구와 실험연구가 고르게 분포하였다. 연구유형과 주제를 살펴보면, 국내는 음악흥미와 적성을 주제로 한 인식 및 현황조사 연구가 다수였으나, 국외는 음악중재, 음악지각 및 인지를 주제로 한 음악의 영향과 경험 연구가 높은 빈도를 나타냈다. 연령은 국내 외 모두 성인과 아동청소년으로 조사되었고 노인 대상은 확인되지 않았다. 장애특성별 빈도에서 전맹, 저시력을 대상으로 한 연구가 많은 반면, 중도나 중복장애는 적었다. 이는 시각장애와 음악에 관한 연구 동향을 설명함으로써 해당 분야 후속연구의 방향을 제안한다는 의의를 갖는다.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.771-780
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• 2009

백내장 질환은 노령인구가 증가하고 있는 시점에서 사회, 경제적으로 심각한 문제로 부각되고 있는 질병으로 조기 진단이 이루어진다면 발병률을 크게 줄일 수 있는 질병이다. 본 연구에서는 백내장을 조기 진단하기 위한 예측 모형을 구축하고자 1994년부터 2001년까지 연세대학병원에서 2회 이상 건강검진을 받고 의사진단을 통해 백내장 여부를 확인할 수 있는 30세 이상 남 녀 3,237명에 대한 건강검진 수검 자료를 활용하여 백내장 발생 위험 예측모형을 개발하였다. 모형개발에는 데이터마이닝 기법인 Random Forests를 사용하였고, 기존의 로지스틱 회귀분석, 판별분석, 의사결정나무 모형(Decision tree), 나이브베이즈(Naive Bayes), 앙상블 모형인 배깅(Bagging)과 아킹(Arcing)을 이용하여 그 성능을 비교 분석하였다. Random Forests를 통해 개발한 백내장 발생 예측모형은 정확도가 67.16%, 민감도가 72.28%였고, 주요 영향요인은 연령, 혈당, 백혈구수치(WBC), 혈소판수치(platelet), 중성지질(triglyceride), BMI였다. 이 결과는 의사의 안과검진 정보 없이 건강검진 수검 자료만으로 백내장 질환 유 무에 관한 정보를 70% 정도 예측할 수 있음을 보여주는 것으로, 백내장의 조기 진단에 많은 기여를 할 것으로 판단된다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2019

Acanthamoeba castellanii has ubiquitous distribution and causes primary acanthamoebic keratitis (AK). AK is a common disease in contact lens wearers and results in permanent visual impairment or blindness. In this study, we observed the cytopathic effect, in vitro cytotoxicity, and secretion pattern of cytokines in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) induced by A. castellanii trophozoites and/or cysts. Morphological observation revealed that panked dendritic HCECs co-cultured with amoeba cysts had changed into round shape and gradually died. Such changes were more severe in co-culture with cyst than those of co-cultivation with trophozoites. In vitro cytotoxicity assay revealed the highest cytotoxicity to HCECs in the co-culture system with amoeba cysts. A. castellanii induced the expression of $IL-1{\alpha}$, IL-6, IL-8, and CXCL1 in HCECs. Secreted levels of $IL-1{\alpha}$, IL-6, and IL-8 in HCECs co-cultured with both trophozoites and cysts were increased at an early incubation time (3 and 6 hr). These results suggested that cytopathic changes and pro-inflammatory cytokines release of HCECs in response to A. castellanii, especially amoebic cysts, are an important mechanism for AK development.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2023

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a significant visual disease that induces impaired vision and irreversible blindness in the elderly. However, the effects of ginseng berry extract (GBE) on the retina have not been studied. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the protective effects of GBE on blue light (BL)-induced retinal damage and elucidate its underlying mechanisms in human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19 cells) and Balb/c retina. Methods: To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of GBE on retinal damage in vitro, we performed cell viability assay, pre-and post-treatment of sample, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and western immunoblotting using A2E-laden ARPE-19 cells with BL exposure. In addition, Balb/c mice were irradiated with BL to induce retinal degeneration and orally administrated with GBE (50, 100, 200 mg/kg). Using the harvested retina, we performed histological analysis (thickness of retinal layers), qRT-PCR, and western immunoblotting to elucidate the effects and mechanisms of GBE against retinal damage in vivo. Results: GBE significantly inhibited BL-induced cell damage in ARPE-19 cells by activating the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway, regulating NF-kB translocation, caspase 3 activation, PARP cleavage, expressions of apoptosis-related factors (BAX/BCL-2, LC3-II, and p62), and ROS production. Furthermore, GBE prevented BL-induced retinal degeneration by restoring the thickness of retinal layers and suppressed inflammation and apoptosis via regulation of NF-kB and SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway, cleavage of caspase 3 and PARP, and expressions of apoptosis-related factors in vivo. Conclusions: GBE could be a potential agent to prevent dry AMD and progression to wet AMD.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.75-86
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• 1997

Blindness or visually handicaps are found to be an important factor destroying lifestyles as well as a physical problem. According to the data of handicapped person's(v.h.p) registered in Korea, the number of v.h.p. has not decreased. Especially, visual handicapped adolescents (v.h.a.) suffer from an insufficiency of social support under the current education system. There is a special education system for v.h.a. in Korea, and, as a result v.h.a.'s are educated separately from general students and communites. Compared with the self-conception of general students, v.h.a.'s have a more negative self-conception. Among former studies 51.7% of v.h.p's are not in good health. This, of course, means that their handicap impacts on other health problems. The first purpose of this study is to find out the causes of disease and the degree of social support, self-esteem, health management behavior provided and then to analyze the effect of self-esteem and social support on their behavior. To accomplish these purposes, visually handicapped the middle and high school students in Seoul city and Kyung-gi province were selected and 300 students sampled. The main results are as follows : 1) The highest specific handicap is impaired lenses (19.7%). 2. There were high correlations between health management behavior, self-esteem, and social support. 3. Social support is a more important variable than self-esteem on health management behavior. 4. Age of entry and length of stay in their special dormitories, and teacher's support account for 16% of psychological health management behavior 5. Age of entry in their special dormitory and total degree of social support account for 12% of preventive health behavior.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.229-236
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• 2002

Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness worldwide and are characterized by increased opacity of the lens that significantly diminishes visual acuity. It has been suggested that increased risk of lens opacities are associated with age, exposure to sunlight, diabetes, smoking, and poor nutrition. Antioxidant nutrients have born demonstrated to protect the lens membrane and protein against damage due to oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant system in the blood of cataract patients. The status of the blood antioxidant system was evaluated based on the levels of antioxidant vitamins and minerals as well as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (M7A) activity in 34 patients with cataracts (17 male and 17 female) and 45 control subjects (20 male and 25 female). After adjusting for age, the results showed significantly lower levels of antioxidant vitamins such as lycopene (M : p < 0.05, F: p < 0.01), zeaxanthin (F: p < 0.01), ${\gamma}$-tocopherol (F: p < 0.01) and ascorbic arid (M: p < 0.05) in the cataract patients than in the control subjects. In contrast, the concentration of cryptoxanthin (F : p < 0.07) showed a significantly higher value in the cataract patients. The serum level of the antioxidant mineral Zn (M : p < 0.01) was found to be significantly lower in the cataract patients while the ratio of cu/zn appeared significantly higher (M : p < 0.05). Significantly higher (M : p < 0.01, F: p < 0.05) concentrations of MDA in serum was found in the cataract patients as compared to the control subjects. GSH-Px activity was significantly lower (F: p < 0.05) in 71e cataract patients. In conclusion, the antioxidant system may play an important roll in cataract creation. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying these findings and to establish preventive measures with an emphasis on antioxidant nutrition for cataract patients.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.291-297
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• 2022

Dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a type of progressive blindness that is primarily due to dysfunction and the loss of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The accumulation of N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E), a by-product of the visual cycle, causes RPE and photoreceptor degeneration that impairs vision. Genes associated with dry AMD have been identified using a blue light model of A2E accumulation in the retinal pigment epithelium and transcriptomic studies of retinal tissue from patients with AMD. However, dry macular degeneration progresses slowly, and current approaches cannot reveal changes in gene transcription according to stages of AMD progression. Thus, they are limited in terms of identifying genes responsible for pathogenesis. Here, we created a model of long-term exposure to identify temporally-dependent changes in gene expression induced in human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) exposed to blue light and a non-cytotoxic dose of A2E for 120 days. We identified stage-specific genes at 40, 100, and 120 days, respectively. The expression of genes corresponding to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during the early stage, glycolysis and angiogenesis during the middle stage, and apoptosis and inflammation pathways during the late stage was significantly altered by A2E and blue light. Changes in the expression of genes at the late stages of the EMT were similar to those found in human eyes with late-stage AMD. Our results provide further insight into the pathogenesis of dry AMD induced by blue light and a novel model in vitro with which relevant genes can be identified in the future.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2001

1999년 9월 20일에서 10월 23일까지 서울 및 경기도 소재의 사회복지시설과 의료시설 6곳을 선정하여 설문조사를 실시하여 치과를 이용하는 장애아동의 구강보건 행동과 태도를 조사 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 장애인들은 자신의 치아가 대체로 건강하지 않다가 49.7%로 높게 나타났다. 2. 장애인들의 양치횟수는 장애유형에 따른 차이가 통계적으로 유의하게 조사되었다 (p<0.05). 3. 장애인들은 scaling(치석제거)경험이 없는 경우가 56.7%로 높게 나타났다. 4. 장애인들은 치통이나 잇몸 출혈 경험이 58.9%로 높게 나타났다. 5. 구강보건교육에 참석하겠다는 장애인은 64.4%로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다 (p<0.05). 6. 치과이용빈도는 불규칙한 방문을 하는 경우가 65.1%로 정기적인 치과방문으로 구강을 관리하는 비율이 낮았다. 7. 의료보험카드는 41.6%가 의료보호카드를 소지하고 있었다. 8. 장애와 구강건강은 관계가 있다가 61.8%로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다 (p<0.05).