• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.69-81
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• 1986

성체식물기에 잎도열병에 대해 저항성인 벼 품종 선발을 위해 한국에서 재배되거나 육종재배로 쓰이고 있는 32개의 벼 품종을 도열병검정 못자리에 공시하였다. 생육시기가 다른 각 잎에 자연감염된 발병율을 토대로 비교할 때, 16개의 통일형 품종들은 모두 고도 저항성이었으나 16개의 일본형 품종들은 잎도열병에 대해 다양한 저항성정도를 나타내었다. 잎도열병에 대한 저항성정도는 품종에 따라 다르지만, 식물체가 성숙해 갈수록 양적저항성정도는 모든 품종에서 증가하였다. 감수성에서 저항성으로 바귀는 엽위는 품종에 따라 달랐다. 도열병균에 대한 품종의 감수성반응이 상위엽에서 저항성반응으로 뚜렷하게 바뀌었다. 잎도열병에 대한 양적 저항성정도가 큰 품종일수록 하위엽에서 저항성반응을 나타내었다. 생육후기에 도열병감염을 급격히 감소시키는 품종인 아까바레, 팔금, 진흥, 올찰, 도봉 및 은하는 포장에서 잎도열병에 대해 성체식물저항성을 보였다. 성체식물저항성품종들은 식물체가 성숙해감에 따라 최적, 질적으로 잎도열병에 대해 저항성을 나타내었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.184-191
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• 2004

Methanol extracts of fresh materials of 57 plants were screened for in vivo antifungal activity against Magna-porthe grisea, Corticium sasaki, Botrytis cinerea, Phyto-phthora infestans, Puccinia recondita, and Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei. Among them, seven plant extracts showed disease-control efficacy of more than 90％ against at least one of six plant diseases. None of the plant extracts was highly active against tomato gray mold. The methanol extracts of Chloranthus japonicus (roots) (CjR) and Paulownia coreana (stems) (PcS) displayed the highest antifungal activity; the CjR extract controlled the development of rice blast, rice sheath blight, and wheat leaf rust more than 90％, and tomato gray mold and tomato late blight more than 80％. The PcS extract displayed control values of more than 90 ％ against rice blast, wheat leaf rust, and barley powdery mildew and more than 80％ against tomato gray mold. The extract of PcS also had a curative activity against rice sheath blight and that of CjR had a little curative activity against rice blast. On the other hand, the extract of Rumex acetocella roots reduced specifically the development of barley powdery mildew. Further studies on the characterization of antifungal substances in antifungal plant extracts are underway and their disease-control efficacy should be examined under greenhouse and field conditions.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2015년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
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• pp.13-13
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• 2015

Rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, is the most destructive pathogen of rice in the world. This fungus has a biotrophic phase early in infection and switches to a necrotrophic lifestyle after host cell death. During the biotrophic phase, the fungus competes with host for nutrients and oxygen. Continuous uptake of oxygen is essential for successful establishment of blast disease of this pathogen. Here, we report transcriptional responses of the fungus to oxygen limitation. Transcriptome analysis using RNA-Seq identified 1,047 up-regulated genes in response to hypoxia. Those genes were involved in mycelial development, sterol biosynthesis, and metal ion transport based on hierarchical GO terms and well-conserved among three different fungal species. In addition, null mutants of three hypoxia-responsive genes were generated and tested for their roles on fungal development and pathogenicity. The mutants for a sterol regulatory element-binding protein gene, MoSRE1, and C4 methyl sterol oxidase gene, ERG25, exhibited increased sensitivity to hypoxia-mimetic agent, increased conidiation, and delayed invasive growth within host cells, suggesting important roles in fungal development. However, such defects did not cause any significant decrease in disease severity. The other null mutant for alcohol dehydrogenase gene, MoADH1, showed no defect in the hypoxia-mimic condition and fungal development. Taken together, this comprehensive transcriptional profiling in response to a hypoxia condition with experimental validations would provide new insights on fungal development and pathogenicity in plant pathogenic fungi.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.105.3-106
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• 2003

Bacillus subtilis strain BAC02-4 was tested for its ability induced systemic resistance(ISR) in rice against Magnaporthe grisea We extend these studies to investigate the biological induction of systemic resistance in rice following treatment with the inducer isolate BAC02-4 and naturally infested with Pyricularia oryzae. We also determine levels of ISR activity during the period between disease development and the onset of systemic resistance. Comparition of lesion number according to applied concentration of BAC02-4 to 'Nagdongbyeo' when naturally infested with the conidia of P. grisea. Results from the blast nusery trial using the 'Nagdongbyeo' showed very low rice blast severity with the inducer concentration of 10$\^$8/ cfu level. Considering the low level of treatment and untreated control were observed to have developed typical susceptible lesion type. Highest protection against the rice blast pathogen when applied three times with 5 days interval as root drench at 5 to 6 leaf stage before pathogen challenge. But higher dose of bacterial inducer produced a little stunted plants with less number lesions and delayed disease development. Diseased leaf area of treated with suspension of the isolate which gave about 80％ of control efficacy at 20 days later comparable to that in noninfested, inducer-free soil.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.41-43
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• 1972

1) 수도 도열병에 저항성이었던 관옥 품종이 1969년에 와서 저항성이 역전된 원인을 분석하였다. 2) 경기도지방 16개 지역의 이병된 관옥품종에서 분리한 균주는 15개의 C계통 레이스와 1개의 N계통 레이스로 판정되었다. C계통 레이스 중에는 C-8이 9균주, C-7과 C-1이 각각 2균주, 그 나머지는 C-1과 유사한 것이 1균주이고 C-5와 유사한 것이 1균주였다. 3) 도열병에 대하여 고도로 저항성이었던 관옥품종은 중국계통의 벼를 침해 한 수 있는 C레이스의 만연에 기인되었다고 결론지을 수 있다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.301-304
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• 2003

Gamma-ray irradiation is known to induce various mutations in plants caused by chromosome alterations. This study investigated disease responses of selected gamma-ray induced rice mutants generated from seven Japonica-type rice cultivars against three plant diseases. Among the tested 22 mutants, three gain-of-function mutants and six loss-of-function mutants against rice blast were obtained, as well as three loss-of-function mutants against bacterial leaf blight (BLB). Two of the loss-of-function mutants were susceptible to both rice blast and BLB. Gain-of-function mutation has not been frequently observed in rice plants, thus, the mutants can be used to identify loci of novel genes for the regulation of disease resistant response.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.1513-1520
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• 2004

We investigate a series of synthesized ${\beta}$-methoxyacrylate analogues for their 3D QSAR & HQSAR against Magnaporthe grisea (Rice Blast Disease). We perform the three-dimensional Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (3D-QSAR) studies, using the comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) procedure. In addition, we carry out a two-dimensional Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (2D-QSAR) study, using the Hologram QSAR (HQSAR). We perform these studies, using 53 compounds as a training set and 10 compounds as a test set. The predictive QSAR models have conventional $r^2$ values of 0.955 at CoMFA, 0.917 at CoMSIA, and 0.910 at HQSAR respectively; similarly, we obtain cross-validated coefficient $q^2$ values of 0.822 at CoMFA, 0.763 at CoMSIA, and 0.816 at HQSAR, respectively. From these studies, the CoMFA model performs better than the CoMSIA model.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.292-298
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• 2009

"금오3호"는 소득작물 전 후작에 적응하는 벼를 육성하고자, 1997년 국립식량과학원 기능성작물부에서 내도복성인 농안벼에 내만식성인 신금오벼가 여교배된 $F_1$ 개체에 도열병에 저항성이고 단기성인 YR15727-B-B-B-102 계통을 교배하여 YR19124 조합을 작성 하였다. 이후 집단 및 계통육종법으로 YR19124-B-B-B-69-3 계통을 선발하고 밀양201호라는 계통명으로 지역적응성검정 시험에 공시한 결과, 그 주요특성과 수량성은 다음과 같다 1. 출수기는 평야지의 소득작물 후작 만기재배에서 8월 26일로 금오벼 보다 4일 빠른 조생종 품종이다. 2. 직립 초형이고 탈립은 약간되는 편이고, 이삭추출은 양호 하고 까락이 거의 없는 편이다. 3. 주당수수는 금오벼 보다 약간 많으며, 수당립수는 적은편이고 현미천립중은 금오벼와 비슷하였다. 4. 도정특성은 금오벼와 비슷하지만 고품질 상품에서 중요한 완전미율과 외관특성은 금오벼 보다 좋은 편이고 밥맛은 금오벼 보다 떨어 젓다. 5. 못자리 육묘기간이 50일 이상이면 본답에서 불시출수가 발생하며, 성숙기 엽노화는 금오벼 보다 빠른 편이다. 내냉성 검정에서 냉수구의 임실율이 금오벼 보다 낮았다. 6. 잎도열병 밭못자리 검정 결과 12개 시험지에서 강한 반응을 보였고, 내구저항성도 높았다. 흰잎마름병 레이스 $K_1$, $K_2$, $K_3$에는 저항성이며, $K_{3a}$에는 이병성이다. 줄무늬잎마름 병에는 저항성이며, 오갈병에는 중도 저항성이고, 검은줄오갈병에는 이병성이다. 내충성에서는 끝동매미충에 저항성이고, 벼멸구와 애멸구에는 감수성이다. 7. 지역적응시험에서 "금오3호"의 쌀 수량성은 4.48 MT/ha로 표준품종 금오벼 대비 6% 증수하였다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.20-23
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• 2015

A sequential planting method was developed to screen rice plants with durable resistance against rice blast in a short time, and applied for several years in Korean rice breeding program. In this study, we showed the advantages of a sequential planting method compared to other pathogenicity tests. The correlation analysis among three pathogenicity tests and other factors demonstrated that durable resistance depended on the average of diseased leaf area and the number of compatible pathogens. Significant correlations were found in the nursery test but not in the field test result. In addition, we traced changes in the pathogen population during sequential planting stages through re-isolation of the pathogen. The portion of compatible pathogens was increased during sequential planting. Through this study, we provide an effective sequential planting method and direction of durable resistance in a breeding program.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.384-391
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• 2008

Rice blast disease, caused by the pathogenic fungus Magnaporthe grisea, is a serious issue in rice (Oryza sativa L.) growing regions of the world. Transcript profiling in rice inoculated with the fungus has been investigated using the transcriptomics technology, serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE). Short sequence tags containing sufficient information which are ten base-pairs representing the unique transcripts were identified by SAGE technology. We identified a total of 910 tag sequences via the GenBank database, and the resulting genes were shown to be up-regulated in all functional categories under the fungal biotic stress. Compared to the compatible interaction, the stress and defense genes in the incompatible interaction appear to be more up-regulated. Particularly, thaumatin-like gene (TLP) was investigated in determining the gene and protein expression level utilizing Northern and Western blotting analyses, resulting in an increase in both the gene and the protein expression level which arose earlier in the incompatible interaction than in the compatible interaction.