• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.71-84
• /
• 2007

Masan Bay is a representative semi-closed bay acted as a sedimentation reservoir with a slow current velocity and a poor water circulation in Korea. The pollutants from terrestrial sources into the Masan Bay have apparently environmental pollution problems, such as eutrophication, red tied, and hypoxia. In this study, An ecological modeling work was performed to estimate the material circulation including the growth of bivalve in ecosystem. Furthermore, the effect of water purification was calculated by filter feeding bivalve to particulate organic matter just like COD and phytoplankton. And Water quality management strategy by bio-purification of bivalve is derived through selection of location, quantification of bivalve aquaculture farm. The results showed that the optimum location for bivalve farming is where phytoplankton accumulation by physical processes is maximized and the optimum density and area of bivalve are 35 individuals $m^{-3}$ and ca. 500 hectare, respectively. When assuming conditions for the optimum growth of bivalve, COD could decrease by up to 18% even without other reduction of pollution loads.

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.15-23
• /
• 1997

Two new species of poecilostomatoid copepods, each belonging to the genera Myicola (Myicolidae) and Conchyliurus (Clausidiidae), are described, based on specimens taken from the mantle cavity of the bivalve Dosinella penicillata (Reeve). The host bivalve was collected from the intertidal mud flat near Inchon in the Yellow Sea.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.9-12
• /
• 1962

The present observations on the perforation bored into young bivalve Tapes philippinarum (less than 2 mm in shell length) by boring snails were conducted at Sunjae Island in 1960 and Inchon Harbor inn 1962. 1. Young bivalves of the species which were left with bored in them were found both in Inchon Harbor and Sunjae Island. 2. The location of the holes in the valves of the young bivalve varied widely, while the holes of the adult bivalve were located at relatively definite position in the valves. 3. The author realized that the holes are bored by a species of snails that have radulas, for the inner diameters of the holes were much smaller than the router diameters. 4. The size of the holes in the valves of young bivalve was much smaller than those holes bored in adult valves. The minimum size of the holes was only 7.5microns in diameter. 5. The author considered that the boring snail is Natica severa that is found abundantly in Inchon Harbor and Sunjae Island and that this snail is the only species found in the particular areas and performs the above mentioned behavior. However, the author could not confirm experimentally the snail drilling young bivalve of Tapes philippinarum .

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.351-361
• /
• 2019

To investigate the temporal distribution of planktonic larvae of Tegillarca granosa and Anadara kagoshimensis in the Boseong coastal waters of South Korea, samples of planktonic bivalve larvae were taken from the coastal waters from June to September 2018 (this consisted of monthly sampling in June, July, and September with three- or four-day interval sampling in August). The samples were analyzed using metagenomic next-generation sequencing methods (target gene: mitochondria cytochrome c oxidase 1 region). In this study, a total of 21 bivalve operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected with the most abundant bivalve OTUs (relative mean abundance >1%) belonging to Magallana sikamea, Xenostrobus atratus, Musculista senhousia, Magallana gigas, Sinonovacula constricta, Anadara kagoshimensis, Kurtiella aff. bidentata, and Tegillarca granosa. In particular, Tegillarca granosa and Anadara kagoshimensis (the main fishery resources on the Boseong coast) accounted for 0.51-12.50% (average 4.00%) and 0.01-12.50% (1.92%), respectively. The planktonic bivalve larvae were most abundant from July to August. Anadara kagoshimensis was most abundant in early August but rare in the other investigated periods, whereas Tegillarca granosa was more abundant in late August. Bivalve larvae monitoring is important to predict the production of bivalve fisheries. Therefore, intensive monitoring is needed to understand the changes in planktonic bivalve larvae because potentially rapid turnover can respond to the ecological interaction of spawning bivalves.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.402-410
• /
• 2003

When the bivalve fossil microstructure is observed on a thin section, the growth lines of the older specimens are mostly erased by calcite recrystallization while those of the younger are well preserved in detail. During the fossil diagenesis, the shells tend to darken gradually since the valve-forming component Ca$^{2+}$ is the replaced by the surrounding materials Fe$^{2+}$, Mg$^{2+}$, and Mn$^{2+}$. Therefore, the metallic ratio against Ca component in fossil was increased during diagenesis. The UV-Visible spectrophotometry analysis shows that the reflecting degree is low level in Cretaceous bivalve fossils in contrast to the Tertiary and Recent ones. This result suggests that the dark color in older bivalve fossils is affected by the replacement of the metal ions.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.57-77
• /
• 2014

The bivalve molluscan fauna of Ulsan Bay, East Sea coast of Korea, is summarized, based on original and literature data. The fauna consists of 61 species belonging to 20 families. Seven species are identified only to genus level. Two species (Carditellopsis toneana (Yokoyama, 1922), Carditidae and Fulvia hungerfordi (G.B. Sowerby III, 1901), Cardiidae) are new records for the East Sea coast of Korea, and one species (Crenella decussata (Montagu, 1808), Mytilidae) is a new record for Korea. Biogeographically, Ulsan Bay's bivalve fauna is subtropical with a predominance of tropical-subtropical species, 21 species, or 39% of the total species number, subtropical, 14 species, or 26%, and subtropical-boreal (mostly subtropical-lowboreal), 11 species, 21%, totalling 86%. A remarkable feature of the Ulsan Bay fauna is the presence of tropical-subtropical species not found in Yeongil Bay but common in tidal flats and shallow waters of the Yellow Sea and the southern part of Korea. A cold water mass appearing off the southeast coast of Korea near Ulsan in summer seems responsible for the presence of boreal-arctic species in this area.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.281-293
• /
• 2014

The biogeography and diversity patterns of the marine bivalve molluscan fauna of the East Sea coast of South Korea are analyzed. The total species richness of the continental Korean bivalve fauna, excluding insular regions (Dok-do and Ullung-do), is 304, and from north to south the species richness of bivalves increases showing a clear gradient: Gangwon, 143 species ${\rightarrow}$ Gyeongbuk, 131 ${\rightarrow}$ Gyeongnam, 183. A zonal-geographical analysis of the entire fauna shows that the great majority are warm-water mollusks, constituting 77% (subtropical, 37%, tropical-subtropical, 30%, subtropical-boreal, 10%), The number of boreal (low-boreal, widely distributed boreal and circumboreal) species is lower, 19%, whereas boreal-arctic mollusks have only 4%. This demonstrates that the bivalve molluscan fauna of the eastern coast of Korea is subtropical, and has more affinities to the fauna of the East China Sea than to the northern East Sea. Separate analysis by provinces shows the increasing role of warm-water mollusks from north to south. While tropical-subtropical and subtropical species constitute 47% (68 species) in Gangwon, their dominance increases to 71% (93 species) in Gyeongbuk, and to 80% (148 species) in Gyeongnam. The Gyeongnam bivalve fauna is the most diverse in species composition and has the largest number of "endemics" (species known only from this province), 46%. The Gangwon fauna also contains many "endemics", up to 40%, while Gyeongbuk is an intermediate zone with low "endemicity", only at one-fifth of the regional fauna, and has the most species in common among the three provinces.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2016

Physiological response of fish and bivalve was estimated to identify the physiological changes of test species by lowering water temperature due to the abrupt stop of cooling water discharge from power plant. The experiment was conducted by two conditions; fall and winter by decreasing water temperature ($2^{\circ}C$/2 days) from $26^{\circ}C$ to $17^{\circ}C$ for fall scenario and from $15^{\circ}C$ to $9^{\circ}C$ for winter scenario, respectively. Test organisms were parrot fish (Oplegnathus fasciantus) and bivalve (Gomphina melanaegis), and end points were mortality for both species, hematocrit and cortisol for fish, and hemolymph and superoxide dismutase(SOD) for bivalve. 48/96hr mortality test revealed no mortality for fish and 47% mortality for bivalve at 96hr/$26^{\circ}C$ only. Significant increases of hematocrit and cortisol were found at fishes exposed to $26^{\circ}C$ (high temperature) and lower temperature ($9{\sim}13^{\circ}C$), respectively. Hemolymph and SOD for bivalve tended to decrease by lowering water temperature from 15 to $9^{\circ}C$ (winter scenario) and no changes from 26 to $17^{\circ}C$ (fall scenario). Fall scenario (from 15 to $9^{\circ}C$) showed more significant changes of physiological response than winter cases (26 to $17^{\circ}C$).

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.33-40
• /
• 1969

1. Physicochemical properties of sea water and soil of Korean tidal flats densely populated with species of Mactra veneriformis, Cyclina sinensis, Meretrix lusoria, and Tapes philippinarum, were investigated in order to find out the index of environmental factors in marine bivalve culture. 2. The turbidity varied with the change in concentrations of organic matter, silicate, and the exchangeable copper in sea water. All of these concentrations in Inchon, Kunsan, and Hansando were higher than those in Yusoo. In the 5 areas investigated the lowest were ditected at Kangnung. 3. The minerals and organic matter content in sea water dia not vary significantly among the different bivalve beds. And it was presumed that the soil texture was one of the most important environmental factors for the density of the bivalves in tidelands. 4. The soil texture index of the different bivalve beds was obtained as follow: 5. There were no significant differences of pH, the exchangeable calcium, and the exchangeable copper contents of bottom soils in the 4 different bivalve beds. As important factors in these areas, it seems that the amount of chemical properties might not affect the distribution of bivalve species. 6. Among the 4 beds the soil organic matter content was highest at the T. philippinarum bed and varied with the total nitrogen content. 7. Among the different bivalve beds, it was significant that the water holding capacity and available phosphorus content were highest at the M. veneriformis bed.

• Journal of Aquaculture
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.249-260
• /
• 1998

Distribution of the bivalve resorves in Deukryang Bay was investigated in May, August and November, 1995 and February, 1996. Seasonal sampling was carred out from 29 stations in Deukryang Bay. The bivalve resouces in the bay consisted of 10 species nd mean density in individuals and biomass was 3 inds./$m^2$ and 211g/$m^2$ in May, 3 inds./$m^2$ and 185g/$m^2$ in August, 2 inds./$m^2$ and 379g/$m^2$ in November, 2 inds./$m^2$ and 305g/$m^2$ in February. The dominant bivalve species in Deukryang Bay was pen shell (Atrina pectinata) through the year. Species composition and abundance of the bivalve resources were closely related to station. The stock density was high at inner stations in the bay. G1 station showed the highest density among 29 stations.