• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.320-324
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• 2008

This study was conducted to investigate abundance of breeding birds in relation to forest environment, to figure out the influential factors in abundance of breeding birds and to get the basic data for effective management of the bird community in Jirisan National Park. For this purpose, this research selected 4 main hiking trails as survey points and conducted a survey on breeding bird species and forest environment from April to August in 2007. The study results are as follows: The number of the birds observed during the breeding season was 33 species at the elevation of 300 meters to 1,900 meters. This research made a regression analysis of 13 bird species appearing at more than 30% of all surveyed points, species richness, and richness in the number of individuals. As a result of making a simple and multiple regression analysis of the factors, among the forest environment factors, that have an effect on richness in bird species, each species was found to be less influenced by an elevation. In addition, this analysis revealed that among the forest environment factors, coverage of tree-1 layer(>12m), tree height, coverage of shrub layer(2${\sim}$0.5m), slope, coverage of subtree-2 layer(4${\sim}$2m) appeared as more influential ones on the variation of abundance in more species than an elevation itself. That explains why it is necessary to continuously maintain and manage the coverage of tree-1 layer(>12m), tree height, coverage of shrub layer(2${\sim}$0.5m), slope, and coverage of subtree-2 layer$(4{\sim}2m)$, etc. for the preservation and management of bird species in a breeding season at Jirisan National Park.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.273-279
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• 2000

This study was conducted to clarify the characteristics of bird community in Han River area from Oct. 1997 to Jul. 1998. Total 107 bird species were recorded in Han River area. Bird mainly distributed around Kangdong Bridge, Paldang Dam, Yangsuri, Haengju Bridge, Sungsan Bridge, and Bam island. The area between Dongiak Bridge and Youngdong Bridge showed the lowest the density of birds. The dominant birds of Han River area were the dabbling ducks, which were Anas platyrhynchos and A. poecilorhyncha. Diving ducks were distributed in the Dongiak Bridge, Youngdong Bridge, and estuary area. Grebes, Gulls, Herons, and Coots were also dominant bird species. Cormorants, Swans, Sandpipers, and Plovers were minor birds in Han River area. Maintenance and management of various micro-habitats are needed for habitation of bird community in Han River area.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.25 no.3 s.107
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• pp.131-137
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• 2002

This study was conducted to clarify the characteristics of bird community and habitat types in Mangyeong River area from Aug. 1999 to Jun. 2000. Paddy field was the most dominant land use type. Water area, mudflat, shrub field, urban area and green house were also dominant land use types in study area. Eighty-eight bird species were recorded during study period. Maximum number of species and individuals were shown as 58 species and 7,084 individuals in Oct. and Jan., respectively. There were low number of diving ducks and clumped pattern of waterfowl distribution of bird community in Mangyeong River area. Dabbling ducks distributed at upper reaches near Samrye Bridge, and plovers and sandpipers at lower reaches near estuary. Those results suggest that creation of pools over one meter water-depth and restoration of paddy field into riparian zone with diverse shrubs are required to increase the bird diversity in the Mangyeong rived.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.109 no.1
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• pp.109-114
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• 2020

In this study, the elevational distribution of breeding birds in Seoraksan National Park, Korea was investigated. Forty-six species of birds were documented from line transect surveys taken from Seorakdong at 230 m above sea level (a.s.l.) to the Daechungbong summit at 1708 m asl. Birdspecies richness and diversity were highest in Seorakdong and lowest at the Daechungbong summit. As elevation increased, bird species richness and diversity decreased, with a humped-shape trend being observed between 700 m and 1200 m a.s.l. Stepwise analyses revealed that breeding bird species diversity indices were significantly negatively correlated with elevation (r² = 0.327, P < 0.001) and positively correlated with vegetational coverage (r² = 0.324, P = 0.046). Higher elevations supported fewer birds than low and intermediate elevations. Projections at the local scale, including data on behavior and habitat use by birds, will be necessary for optimal conservation and management of the bird communities in Seoraksan National Park.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.61-67
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• 2002

This study was conducted to clarify the characteristics of bird community and habita types in Mangyeong River area from Aug. 1999 to Jun. 2000. Paddy field was the most dominant land use type. Water area, mudiflat. shrub field, urban area and green house wee also dominant land use types in study area Eighty-eight bird species were recorded during study period. Maxiamum number of species and individuals were shown as 58 species and 7,084 individuals in Oct. and Jan. respecitvely. There were low number of diving ducks and clumped pattem of waterfowl distribution of bird community in Mangyeong River area. Dabbing ducks distributed at upper reaches near Samrye Bridge, and plovers and sandpipers at lower reaches near estuary. Those results suggest that creation of pools over one meter water-depth and restoration of paddy field freld into riparian zone with diverse shrubs are required to imcrease th bird diversity in the Mangyeong rived.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.3-10
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• 2010

The subject is to find green roofs' location as stepping stones in green-network in fine scale. The study site is Junggu, Seoul, which has core areas(Bukaksan and Namsan) and green areas(parks, etc.). Through literature review, the closer to core areas and green areas, target species reach green roof easier, and target species must be avifauna(flying species) and high class in food chain, because of possibility of reaching. So, Great Tits, inhabited in Namsan and urban bird, is target species. The location standard of green roofs, realized birds' reaching distance, consists of home range(horizontal range and vertical range) and roof-greening capable area. The green roofs' distribution of location was resulted through GIS analysis of feasible site finding, and classified with weight of score. In discussion, Namsan gives more effect to locate green roofs than Bukaksan does and selected buildings which are grouped in some parts need to be managed with group, green roof district.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.267-272
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• 2008

Tree species-specific estimates with spacebome high-resolution imagery improve estimation of forest biomass which is needed to predict the long term planning for the sustainable forest management(SFM). This paper is a contribution to develop crown distinguishing coniferous species, Pinus densiflora and Pinus koraiensis, from QuickBird imagery. The proposed feature analysis derived from shape parameters and first and second-order statistical texture features of the same test area were compared for the two species separation and delineation. As expected, initial studies have shown that both formfactor and compactness shape parameters provided the successful differentiating method between the pine species within the compartment for single crown identification from spaceborne high resolution imagery. Another result revealed that the selected texture parameters - the mean, variance, angular second moment(ASM) - in the infrared band image could produce good subset combination of texture features for representing detailed tree crown outline.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.19-26
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to build Island biogeography in the basic concept of landscape ecology in South Korea by draw relationship between the species side of quantitative habitats and forest area surveyed in the national database based on investigation of the 2nd natural environment. In addition, try to present criterion of habitats character category after understanding habitats character of emergence area side of quality habitats based on the type of formatting. Species and forest area relationship analyzed using correlation analysis and simple regression analysis. Also habitat character limited composition ratio of neighboring land cover and analyzed using hierarchical cluster analysis to classify type of habitat. As a result, we found that forest area is correlated with number of species, forests which is bigger than 100ha are more important of increase in species' population. And according to land cover composition ratio, bird's classified types of forest inner species, forest edge species, forest outer species and mammal's classified types of forest inner species, forest general species, forest edge species. We suggest that study of species-forest area relationship and emergence habitat character be used as some management plans of species' conservation, protection and restoration.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.227-234
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• 2010

To see the influence of bird species by the change of temperature in city, we have carried out bird census 22 times for 6 years from 2003 to 2008 in Worldcup Park, Seoul. And we analysed the correlation between the temperature of Seoul and wildbirds. 15 orders, 38 families and 102 species were confirmed to have existed. We could find that Hypsipetes amaurotis gradually turned out to have increased with statistical significance for 6 years. To analyze the relationship between the temperature of Seoul and wildbirds, we have chosen 31 bird species observed more than 30% in frequency and proceeded the regression analysis. The survey shows that with the temperature rise the number of the resident birds such as Pica pica, Parus palustris, Anas platyrhynchos and Anas poecilorhyncha and the migratory birds such as Buteo buteo has declined. These 5 species have a possibility to be decreased as a global climate warming and maybe move to another habitat. In contrast, Oriolus chinensis and Falco tinnunculus are characterized into the species that increased due to the rising temperature. So they have a posibility to increase and expand their habitat. This survey shows that temperature rise can cause to change the composition of bird species. And 7 bird species related with the change of temperature have a great possibility as a indicator of the climate change.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.137-141
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• 2012

This study was conducted from February 2005 to October 2007 to investigate bird distribution at three types of forest (mixed, broadleaf and coniferous) in Gwangneung forest. As a result, more birds used mixed forests than broodleaf and coniferous forest. During forest was opened to public, more birds also frequently used mixed forests. When forest was closed to public, there was no preference among three forest types. We also compared the number of species and individuals between open and restricted area. More species and individuals used restricted area.