• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal length of time to observe patients with contrast media anaphylaxis in the Emergency Department. Methods: This study included the patients of all age groups who presented with anaphylaxis due to contrast media to the ED of Pusan National University Hospital from January 2006 to August 2009. The medical records were retrospectively reviewed. We analyzed the 100 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Their median age was 55 (46-62), and 38 out of the 100 patients (38%) were male. Results: The most common symptom of patients was urticaria. Corticosteroid and H1 antihistamine were given to most of the patients in the ED. All were discharged after observation in the ED and none were admitted to the ward. The average time from injection of the contrast media to the onset of symptom was 31 minutes (24-39) and the average time to symptom recovery was 127 minutes (89-188). The mean observation time in the ED was 93 minutes (59-153). Biphasic reactions were reported in only one case (1/100, 1%). Conclusion: These results suggest that patients who present with an anaphylactic reaction after radiologic studies that use intravenous contrast media can be safely discharged early from the ED because the symptom recovery time is not long and a biphasic reaction is rare.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.45-55
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• 2010

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate 1 year cumulative survival rate of implants placed on augmented sinus using Osteon$^{(R)}$, bone graft material and to assess height of the grafted material radiographically. Material and Methods: 10 maxillary sinuses were augmented in 10 patients and 25 implant fixtures were installed simultaneously or after 6 months healing period. The height of the sinus graft material was measured using panoramic images immediately after augmentation and up to 19 months subsequently. Changes in the height of the sinus graft material were calculated with respect to implant length and original sinus wall height. Results: The cumulative survival rate was 100% in all 25 implants. Additionally, normal healing process without any complication was observed in all patients. The mean crown/Implant ratio was 1.25. The mean marginal bone loss was 0.95mm and the mean resorption rate of Osteon$^{(R)}$ was 0.05mm/month. The fastest resorption site of Osteon$^{(R)}$ is the first molar area. The grafted material was well maintained in sinus and decreased slightly over 1 year. Conclusion: In conclusion, It can be suggested that Osteon$^{(R)}$ may have predictable result when it was used as a grafting material for sinus floor augmentation.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.136-144
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• 2015

Purpose: The objective of this study was to comparatively assess the bone regenerative capacity of absorbable collagen sponge (ACS), biphasic calcium phosphate block (BCP) and collagenated biphasic calcium phosphate (CBCP) loaded with a low dose of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). Methods: The CBCP was characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. In rabbit calvaria, four circular 8-mm-diameter defects were created and assigned to one of four groups: (1) blood-filled group (control), (2) rhBMP-2-soaked absorbable collagen sponge (0.05 mg/mL, 0.1 mL; CS group), (3) rhBMP-2-loaded BCP (BCP group), or (4) rhBMP-2-loaded CBCP (CBCP group). The animals were sacrificed either 2 weeks or 8 weeks postoperatively. Histological and histomorphometric analyses were performed. Results: The CBCP showed web-like collagen fibrils on and between particles. Greater dimensional stability was observed in the BCP and CBCP groups than in the control and the CS groups at 2 and 8 weeks. The new bone formation was significantly greater in the BCP and CBCP groups than in the control and CS groups at 2 weeks, but did not significantly differ among the four groups at 8 week. The CBCP group exhibited more new bone formation in the intergranular space and in the center of the defect compared to the BCP group at 2 weeks, but a similar histologic appearance was observed in both groups at 8 weeks. Conclusions: The dose of rhBMP-2 in the present study enhanced bone regeneration in the early healing period when loaded on BCP and CBCP in rabbit calvarial defects.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.381-387
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate volumetric and histologic changes in edentulous alveolar ridge areas after ridge preservation using basic fibroblast growth factor-2 (bFGF-2) in combination with collagenated biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP). Methods: The experiments were performed in 6 adult male beagle dogs. The following 3 groups were created: 1) ridge preservation with bFGF-2 and collagenated BCP (experimental group), 2) ridge preservation with collagenated BCP (positive control group), and 3) a negative control group in which no ridge preservation procedure was performed. Volumetric change analysis was performed using an optical scanner and casts. Histological observations were made using light microscopy. Results: After the initial swelling subsided, the magnitude of the volumetric change in the experimental group and positive control group was smaller than in the negative control group. In the experimental group, a distinct trend was observed for the resorption of residual bone and collagen fibers at 4 weeks and for more mature bone and faster healing at 12 weeks. Conclusions: Based on the findings of the present study, bFGF-2 may be considered for use as a therapeutic molecule in ridge preservation procedures.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.865-871
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• 2016

In recent years, traditional scaffold fabrication techniques such as gas foaming, salt leaching, sponge replica, and freeze casting in tissue engineering have significantly limited sufficient mechanical property and cell interaction effect due to only random pores. Fused deposition modeling is the most apposite technology for fabricating the 3D scaffolds using the polymeric materials in tissue engineering application. In this study, 3D slurry mould was fabricated with a blended biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP)/Silica/Alginic acid sodium salt slurry in PCL mould and heated for two hours at $100^{\circ}C$ to harden the blended slurry. 3D dual-pore BCP/Silica scaffold, composed of macro pores interconnected with micro pores, was successfully fabricated by sintering at furnace of $1100^{\circ}C$. Surface morphology and 3D shape of dual-pore BCP/Silica scaffold from scanning electron microscopy were observed. Also, the mechanical properties of 3D BCP/Silica scaffold, according to blending ratio of alginic acid sodium salt, were evaluated through compression test.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.166-172
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• 2012

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the improvement of osteogenic potential of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) bone substitute coated with synthetic cell-binding peptide sequences in a standardized rabbit sinus model. Methods: Standardized 6-mm diameter defects were created bilaterally on the maxillary sinus of ten male New Zealand white rabbits, receiving BCP bone substitute coated with synthetic cell binding peptide sequences on one side (experimental group) and BCP bone substitute without coating (control group) on the other side. Histologic and histomorphometric analysis of bone formation was carried out after a healing period of 4 or 8 weeks. Results: Histological analysis revealed signs of new bone formation in both experimental groups (4- and 8-week healing groups) with a statistically significant increase in bone formation in the 4-week healing group compared to the control group. However, no statistically significant difference in bone formation was found between the 8-week healing group and the control group. Conclusions: This study found that BCP bone substitute coated with synthetic cell-binding peptide sequences enhanced osteoinductive potential in a standardized rabbit sinus model and its effectiveness was greater in the 4-week healing group than in the 8-week healing group.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.418-422
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• 2010

As a starting material, BCP (biphasic calcium phosphate) nano powder was synthesized by a hydrothermal microwave-assisted process. A highly porous BCP scaffold was fabricated by the sponge replica method using 60 ppi (pore per inch) of polyurethane sponge. The BCP scaffold had interconnected pores ranging from $100\;{\mu}m$ to $1000\;{\mu}m$, which were similar to natural cancellous bone. To realize the antibacterial property, a microwave-assisted nano Ag spot coating process was used. The morphology and distribution of nano Ag particles were different depending on the coating conditions, such as concentration of the $AgNO_3$ solution, microwave irradiation times, etc. With an increased microwave irradiation time, the amount of coated nano Ag particles increased. The surface of the BCP scaffold was totally covered with nano Ag particles homogeneously at 20 seconds of microwave irradiation time when 0.6 g of $AgNO_3$ was used. With an increased amount of $AgNO_3$ and irradiation time, the size of the coated particles increased. Antibacterial activities of the solution extracted from the Ag-coated BCP scaffold were examined against gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). When 0.6 g of $AgNO_3$ was used for coating the Ag-coated scaffold, it showed higher antibacterial activities than that of the Ag-coated scaffold using 0.8 g of $AgNO_3$.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 1983

The change of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activity and the possibility of the existence of LDH. isozyme were examined with different parts of soybean sprout. The enzyme activity was little changed in cotyledons throughout the early stagy of germination. However, hypocotyls and roots showed the continuous decline of the enzyme activity since the radicle emerged from seeds. It was found that LDH from hypocotyls. and roots was unstable as compared with LDH from cotyledons, even at low temperature. The enzyme from hypocotyls and roots was not purified with a good yield when the purification procedure developed for LDH from cotyledons. was employed. LDH from hypocotyls and roots has the Rm value of 0.29, and 0.25 from cotyledons. The apparent Km value for LDH from cotyledons was 0.45mM with sodium pyruvate, while crude homogenate of hypocotyls or roots showed biphasic phenomenon with two Km values 0.014 and 0.45mM. The results indicate the possibility that crude homogenate of hypocotyls or roots may contain a different LDH isozyme from the LDH of soybean reported previously.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.465-473
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• 2006

Objective: This study evaluated the effects of nitric oxide (NO) on the proliferation and differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells involved in orthodontic tooth movement. Methods: A range of concentrations of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, were administered to samples of human periodontal ligament cells, followed by measurement of cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and expression of osteonectin and bone sialoprotein. Results: Cell viability, ALP activity and the expression of osteonectin and bone sialoprotein were increased in human periodontal ligament cells treated with SNP concentrations of < 0.2 mM compared with controls, but were decreased with SNP concentrations of > 1.0 mM. Conclusion: NO has a biphasic effect on proliferation and differentiation in human periodontal ligament cells, with a stimulatory effect at low concentrations and an inhibitory effect at high concentrations.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.179-190
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• 2008

Purpose: In this study, the effect of micro-macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate(MBCP) incorporated with inorganic polyphosphate for bone regeneration in the calvaria of rabbit was evaluated. Materials and Methods: The procedure of guided bone regeneration was performed with titanium reinforced expanded polytetrafluoroethylene(TR-ePTFE) membrane. Four animal groups were compared : 1) TR-ePTFE membrane for negative control group, 2) TR-ePTFE membrane filled with MBCP for positive control group, 3) TR-ePTFE membrane filled with MBCP soaked in 4% inorganic polyphosphate for experimental group I, and 4) TR-ePTFE membrane filled with MBCP soaked in 8% inorganic polyphosphate for experimental group II. Results: 1. Negative control group showed the highest new bone formation at 16 weeks. 2. Positive control group showed the smallest new bone formation compared to other groups. 3. 8% inorganic polyphosphate induced more volume of bone formation, otherwise experimental group II did not show significant difference compared to negative control group. Conclusion: These results suggest that inorganic polyphosphate has a promoting effect on bone regeneration, possibly by enhancing osteoconductivity of the carrier and by increasing osteoinductivity of the defected alveolar bone tissue.