• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.209-211
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• 1997

A quantitative method for assaying bioemulsifiers in culture broth was developed and applied to cultivation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa YPJ80. SED(Standard Emulsification Dilution), an indirect measure of bioemulsifier concentration, was proposed. Production of bioemulsifier and rhamnolipid reached their maximum simultaneously. However, the bioemulsifier/rhamnolipid ratio decreased with cultivation time. This indicates the presence of another bioemulsifier other than rhamnolipid. The bioemulsifier seems to be protein-like activator which showed emulsification activity in addition to rhamnolipid.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.858-860
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• 2011

Production of biosurfactant can be substantially increased by the addition of precursors like vegetable oils, petroleum products, and other water-insoluble substances. Pseudomonas Ptm+ strain produces biosurfactant in the presence of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), which specifically emulsifies HCH, a recalcitrant organochlorine pesticide. Addition of previously produced crude biosurfactant by the same organism as a precursor instead of HCH increased production of biosurfactants with a decrease in the total fermentation time from 32 to 24 h. The main objective of this paper was to find alternatives for HCH as an inducer.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.337-345
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• 1995

Biosurfactants produced by Pseudomonas aeroginosa KK-7 were purified and their properties were studied. The bacterial surfactant was seperated into two sorts of biosufactants (Type I, 11) by silica gel column chromatograpgy. On the basis of physiochemical analysis, Type I was found to be mixture of two glycolipids with M.W. 800, and Type II was peptide with M.W. 1300. The Type 11 biosurfactant was compose of glutamic acid, proline, glycine, leucine, histidine. The crude extract was used to dertermine some properties as a surfactant. The biosurfactant had the properties as stronger emulsification agent and a stronger stabilizing agent emulsion than any other surfactants tested.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.185-190
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• 1996

Some microorganisms including yeasts produce surface tension-decreasing biosurfactants. The strain G-1, the best producer of biosurfatants was isolated from the soil and identified as Rhodotorula sp., which was not discribed any report. The Rhodotorula sp. G-1 produced biosurfactant from vegetable oils, but failed to produce it from n-alkane or carbohydrate. Yeast extract was found to be more effective for the biosurfactant production as nitrogen source than any other inorganic nitrogen source. The composion of the optimal medium contained the following conponents: soybean oil 4%, glucose 2%, yeast extract 0.5%, KH$^{2}$PO$^{4}$ 0.1%, K$^{2}$HP0$^{4}$ 0.l%, MgSO$^{4}$ 5%, CaCl$^{2}$ 0.01%, NaCl 0.01%, pH 6.0. The surface tension activity was increased to 14% when, at first, the culture broth was fermented with only soybean oil as carbon sourse, and after 90 hours, feeded glucose, than that Of glucose and soybean oil added to it simultaneously. The maxium yield of the biosurfactant was about 15 g/l by after 90 hours, the feeding method of glucose.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제42회 동계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.529-529
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• 2012

Dispersion of carbon nanotubes in biocompatible media are of particular interest for diverse biomedical and nanomedicine applications. Various biomolecules and biopolymers such as DNA, proteins, poly L-lysine, starch, gelatin, steroid biosurfactants, and chitosan have shown capability for the effective dispersion of carbon nanotubes in water. Chitosan has demonstrated capacity for effective dispersion of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in acidic medium and it also showed tendency to preferentially disperse smaller diameter nanotubes. Chemical functionalizations of chitosan enable its solubility in neutral pH water by reducing the intra and inter molecular hydrogen bonding. Herein, we present a neutral pH water soluble chitosan derivative, chitosan-hydroxyphenyl acetamide (CHPA), obtained by functionalizing the amino groups of chitosan with 4-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid, as an efficient biocompatible dispersant for debundling and solubilization of SWNTs in neutral aqueous solutions. Various process conditions for individual dispersion of SWCNTs are analyzed based on optical absorption and Raman spectroscopy.

• 공업화학
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.26-40
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• 1993

최근에 있어 미생물 계면활성제에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 미생물 계면활성제는 현재 쓰이고 있는 합성 계면활성제와는 전혀 다른 구조와 성향을 갖고 있어 여러 가지 용도로 쓰일 수 있고, 미생물에 의해 생산되므로 독성이 적고 생분해성이 양호하여 잠재적인 공해를 줄일 수 있다. 본 보문에서는 미생물 계면활성제 중 당지질 계면활성제의 종류와 생산 그리고 응용성에 관하여 논하였다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.57-58
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• 2001

Biosurfactant has antibiological activities. Due to its low toxicity, biosurfactant can be applied to human health care products. Posseing the antibiological activities as well as the surfactant properties implies that biosurfactant can be widely used in the cosmetic industry. In this presentation, applications of biosurfactant have been reviewed including the antimicrobial activities of sophorolipid. Sophorolipid, a biosurfactant produced from Candida bombicola ATCC 22214, showed antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus xylosus, Streptococcus mutans, and Propionibacterium acne at 4, 1, 1, 0.5 ppm as MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration). Also 100 ppm of sophorolipid inhibited 50% of cell growth of plant pathogenic fungus, B. cinera. However, sophorolipid showed no effect on the Escherichia coli., indicating its selective antimicrobial activity depending on the cell wall structure. Treatment of B. subtilis with sophorolipid increased the leakage of intracellular enzyme, malate dehydrogenase, indicating the possible interaction of sophorolipid with cellular membrane. Between lactone-type and acid-type sophorolipid, the former showed higher antimicrobial activity.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2003년도 제40회 국제학술심포지움
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• pp.101-101
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• 2003

• 공업화학
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.435-444
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 코코넛 오일을 원료로 사용하여 2종의 비이온 당계 생체계면활성제 GP-6 및 GP-7을 합성하였으며, FT-IR, $^1H-NMR$ 및 $^{13}C-NMR$ 분광광도계를 이용하여 구조를 규명하였다. 합성한 계면활성제에 대하여 임계 마이셀 농도, 정적 및 동적 표면장력, 계면장력, 유화 작용, 습윤성 및 거품 안정성 등과 같은 계면 물성을 측정한 결과, GP-6 및 GP-7 모두 우수한 계면 특성을 가진 것으로 평가되었다. 또한 Terg-o-tometer를 사용하여 평가한 세척력 측정 결과에 의하면 GP-6 및 GP-7 모두 세제 제품에서 사용되는 기존 계면활성제들과 비교하여 양호한 세척력을 나타내었다. 생분해성, 급성 경구 독성, 급성 피부 자극 및 급성 안자극 검사 결과, GP-6 및 GP-7 모두 저 독성, 저자극성 및 우수한 환경친화성을 가지고 있어서 세제 제품에 적용 가능함을 나타냈으며, 특히 GP-6가 GP-7보다 계면활성이 우수하고 저자극성이고 쉽게 생분해 될 수 있기 때문에 세제 제조에 더 적합할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XIII)
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• pp.434-437
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• 2003

A new bacterial strain, was isolated from activated sludge, identified and named P. aeruginosa EMS1. The new strain produced surface-active rhamnolipids by batch cultivation in mineral salts medium with waste flying oils. The mutant strain KH7, designated P. aeruginosa EMS1, derived by random mutagenesis with N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosogoanidine treatment producing high levels of the biosurfactants was selected by an ion-pair plate assay. The mutant strain KH7 showed 4-5 times more hydrocarbon emulsification as compared to the parent when grown on waste frying oils and various hydrocarbons. Furthermore, P. aeruginosa EMS1 and mutant strain KH7 was also able to use whey as a co-substrate for growth and biosurfactant production. As results of this study, mutant strain KH7 is a very efficient biosurfactant producer, and its culture conditions are relatively inexpensive and economical. Rhamnolipid is synthesized by the rhlAB-encoded rhamnosyltransferase. To be convinced of these genes, we performed PCR based on P. aeruginosa PAO1 whole-genome database. rhl gene cluster nucleotide and amino acid sequences were compared for both parent and mutant. Comparison of nucleotide sequence of rhlAB, there were usually terminal's codons exchange.