• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.12 no.9
• /
• pp.4038-4045
• /
• 2011

To investigate whitening Effects of Angelica dahurica Radix Ethanol Extract (ADEE), we used melan-a cell line, brown guinea pig, and HMB-45. We treated with ADEE of 6.25, 12.5, 25, and 50 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ concentration in order to evaluate the effect of ADEE on cell viability and on morphological observation of melan-a cells. Also we were induced the artificial tanning spots by 1,500 mJ/$cm^2$ of ultraviolet B radiation on the backs of brown guinea pigs (approximately 450~500g) and then the test agent of $30{\mu}{\ell}$ was applied on the spots twice a day, five days a week, for five weeks respectively. The visible whitening effect was evaluated once a week. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed under anesthetization. The artificial tanning spots were obtained by biopsy punch and stained with HMB-45 to observe the gp100 proteins which were melanosomes. Our results show that cell viability was not reduce at ADEE concentrations between 6.25 and 50 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$, melanin synthesis and melanocyte dendricity were decreased in ADEE treated melan-a cells increasing ADEE concentration. In the gross observation, ADEE treated groups had lower pigmentation than the vehicle control groups. And in the histological observation, ADEE treated groups had lower melanocytes than the vehicle control groups. Also in the quantitative analysis of the gp100 proteins using image analysis software, ADEE treated groups had a significantly lower value (p<0.001) than the vehicle control group and this resultsagreed with the results of observation under microscope. From these results, weconcluded that ADEE had positive whitening effect.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.129-137
• /
• 1998

Although the success of the Papanicolaou test as a screening tool of cervical cancer is evident, there still exists $2{\sim}5%$ of discrepancy rate by both human and machine. To improve the qualilty of cervico-vaginal cytology, the authors compared cervicovaginal smear with cervical biopsy diagnoses, and analysed the causes of discrepancies. Among 30,922 cervicovaginal smears from June 1996 to April 1997 at our hospital, there were 271 cases of cervicovaginal smear with subsequent cervical punch or LEEP cone biopsies within several months. The biopsies and smears from a total of 98 discordant cases were reviewed. The discrepancy was attributed to sampling errors in 43 cases(43.9%), and to cytologic diagnosis in 49 cases(50.0%). Among these, 43 cases were interpretative errors(categories A;19, B;16 and C;8) whereas six cases were screening errors(categories B:2 and C:4). Among cervical biopsy cases, errors were present in four. As for 10% random rescreening, cytotechnologists reviewed 3,196 of 30,922 smears during the same period, There were 43 cases of screening error(categories A;27, B;16). Cytologic/histologic correlation was superior to 10% random rescreening of negative cases. The most effective method for quality improvement in cervicovaginal cytology was to implement both quality control(rescreening) and qualify assurance(cytologic/histologic correlation) programs.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.520-523
• /
• 2007

Purpose: Verrucous carcinoma is a rare, low-grade and well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, representing as a warty tumor. Estimation of the incidence for cutaneous lesions is not available because they are rare. We describe a case of verrucous carcinoma, a rare type, complication of a chronic pressure ulcer of duration more than 15 years. Methods: A 17-year-old boy presented with a large lesion involving the sacral area, which had been neglected for about 15 years. He had a history of surgical extirpation 2 years ago, but not cured. Examination revealed a cauliflower-like mass arising from an irregularly oval-shaped tumor which was $6.0{\times}4.5cm$ in size with signs of infection and ulcer. The lesion involved the sacrococcygeal area, spreading to both medial gluteal regions. The perianal skin did not appear to be directly affected. Results: A preoperative punch biopsy revealed a extremely well differentiated verrucous carcinoma. There were positive results in immunohistochemistry in the items of p53, p63, Ki-67. An 'en-bloc' excision of the tumor with the clinically normal surrounding tissue was carried out. Reconstruction was achieved by local regional flap. Histopathological findings of the excised area fully confirmed the preoperative biopsy report. It remained free of recurrence for a period of about 8 months. Conclusion: We believe that in patients with buttock involvement, regardless of the extent of such tumors, surgical therapy should be considered as the first-choice of treatment as reconstruction can be performed without excessive impairment for the patient.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.40 no.5
• /
• pp.382-386
• /
• 2023

A 2-year-old, 12.5 kg, castrated male, mixed-breed dog was presented with a 1-year history of pruritus and progressive alopecia. On physical examination, no remarkable findings were detected including body condition score (5/9). A dermatological examination of the dog revealed generalized erythema, papules or plaques, especially on the face, auricle, dorsum, and shoulder. A fine-needle aspiration of the dorsum and face lesions revealed various numbers of macrophages with foamy cytoplasm and multinucleated giant cells. A bacterial culture test showed the growth of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. A complete blood cell count was unremarkable and biochemical abnormalities included hyperglobulinemia (4.8 g/dL, reference interval 2.5-4.5 g/dL), mild hypertriglyceridemia (277 mg/dL, reference interval 10-100 mg/dL) and mild hypercholesterolemia (383 mg/dL, reference interval 110-320 mg/dL). Additional diagnostic tests were performed to identify the underlying cause of hyperlipidemia. Canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (<50 ng/mL, reference interval 0-200 ng/mL) and total T4 (1.4 ㎍/dL, reference interval 1.1-5.6 ㎍/dL) were within the reference intervals. For a definitive diagnosis, skin biopsy specimen was collected from the papular lesions on the dorsum by using a 4 mm biopsy punch. A histopathological examination revealed numerous large macrophages with abundant foamy cytoplasm in the dermis. The foamy macrophages were located diffusely between the collagen fibers. Extracellular amorphous lipid deposits were also presented in the dermal tissue. A definitive diagnosis of cutaneous xanthoma was made based on clinical signs and cytological and histopathological results.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.24-29
• /
• 2024

A 6-year-old spayed female French Bulldog presented with a left-sided chest wall tumor. Physical examination revealed that the tumor was firmly adhered to the chest wall. A preoperative punch biopsy of the tumor revealed a grade 2 soft tissue sarcoma (STS). On computed tomography, the tumor's dimensions were assessed as 6.5 × 5.7 × 3.5 cm, and it exhibited invasiveness near the tissue surrounding the ninth rib. The tumor size was large in comparison to the dog's chest wall area. Hence, if the traditional wide-margin resection surgery were to be performed, primary wound closure seemed impractical and could potentially result in respiratory function complications. Therefore, considering the extent of tumor invasion and grade, deep margins were established to include the removal of the eighth to tenth ribs, and a 1-cm lateral margin was designated to enable primary wound closure. To reconstruct the chest wall, polypropylene mesh was attached to the adjacent ribs and the remaining muscles were sutured and covered over the mesh. The dog exhibited a rapid recovery beginning the day after the operation. Postoperative biopsy confirmed that the tumor was a grade 2 STS, and the surgical margins were evaluated as incomplete. The owner chose to pursue follow-up observation instead of chemotherapy. In this study, the surgical approach was chosen based on the importance of functional recovery after surgery. Recent research indicates that the tumor grade is more critical for postoperative prognosis than the extent of surgical margins when removing an STS.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.142-145
• /
• 2016

Gastric cancer is the most common cancer in Korean males and can easily spread to distant organs such as the liver, lungs, brain, or bones. However, skin metastasis, particularly of the eye, is rare. Metastatic eyelid cancer is extremely rare; metastases from internal organs have not been reported so far. We recently experienced a patient with metastatic eyelid cancer from adenocarcinoma of the stomach. A 62-year-old female was admitted with a right upper eyelid mass and foreign body sensation. She had a history of stomach cancer of 3 years. She was treated by chemotherapy and radiotherapy for pathologic fracture. After receiving supportive care for 2 years, the mass appeared on her right pupil. Punch-biopsy of the mass was performed and histological examination revealed adenocarcinoma, the same as the initial histological result. We report this case with a review of related literature.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.123-126
• /
• 2020

Skin cancer, which often occurs as a result of skin exposure to ultraviolet light radiation, usually presents with characteristic abnormal features, such as ulcerative lesions, irregular morphology, bleeding, and excessive growth. Therefore, skin cancer rarely resembles a benign tumor on visual inspection. Nonetheless, squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma with nodular or polypoid features can have a similar appearance to that of benign tumors, meaning that they are sometimes misdiagnosed as benign. As benign and malignant tumors have some overlapping features, clinicians sometimes use additional imaging techniques such as ultrasonography to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis because even a malignant tumor that externally resembles a benign tumor generally has internal morphological features characteristic of malignancy, such as invasion and irregular borders. However, these imaging tools also have limitations, and punch or excisional biopsy can be needed if malignancy cannot be completely ruled out. Herein, we report a case of skin malignancy initially misdiagnosed as a benign epidermal cyst based on external visual inspection and ultrasonography.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.58-61
• /
• 2010

Purpose: Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor that occurs mostly in head and neck regions. Early diagnosis and treatment are necessary because it tends to be locally aggressive and goes through distal metastasis with fast progression. This study presents reliable surgical methods for sebaceous carcinoma in head and neck regions. Methods: Three patients were included in this study. First, a 61-year-old woman visited the hospital with a yellow-colored, slowly growing mass on the left ala. A 54-year-old woman had a brown-colored mass on her right preauricle. Last case was a 62-year-old man who had a yellow-colored mass on his scalp. CT scan and punch biopsy were done. All cases were diagnosed as sebaceous carcinoma. The lesions were resected with 10 mm safety margin and various regional flaps were used for reconstruction. Results: Histological examination revealed sebaceous differentiation and local invasions. Postoperatively, all patients did not suffer from complication and no recurrence was found. Conclusion: We recommend early wide excision with an enough safety margin, and a regional flap as a treatment of sebaceous carcinoma.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.417-425
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the whitening effect of Angelicae dahuricae Radix water extract (ADWE) by its application on artificial tanning spots which were induced by 1,500 $mJ/cm^2$ of UVB radiation on the backs of brown guinea pigs weighing approximately 450~500 g. Thirty ${\mu}l$ of ADWE, at each application, were applied twice a day, 5 days a week, for 8 weeks to the guinea pigs. The artificial tanning spots were divided into 3 groups which were vehicle control group [propylene glycol: ethanol: water (5:3:2)], positive control group (2% hydroquinone) and experimental group (2% ADWE). The visible whitening effect and changes in melanin index were evaluated once a week. On completion of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed under anesthetization, and the artificial tanning spots were excised by biopsy punch and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) to observe histological change and also stained with Fontana-Masson's silver (F-M) and S-100 to observe melanin pigmentation and melanocytes. In the gross observation, the experimental group showed higher pigmentation than the positive control group but lower pigmentation than the vehicle control group. Histological observation confirmed that ADWE had a positive whitening effect by showing a lower distribution of melanin and melanocytes in the epidermis of experimental group than in the vehicle control group.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.33 no.6
• /
• pp.761-763
• /
• 2006

Purpose: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors most often arise from the anatomically discernible peripheral nerve or neurofibroma. Methods: A 55-year-old man had a rapidly growing pedunculated large mass on the sacrolumbar junction for 2 years. He has congenital neurofibromatosis type I. He had multiple caf-au-lait spots and multiple neurofibromas on the entire body. The mass developed from a subcutaneous nodule on the sacrolumbar junction and grew rapidly. The preoperative punch biopsy revealed a malignant peripheral nerve tumor. The mass was completely excised with 1 cm free margin above the deep fascial plane. Results: There was no evidence of recurrence of tumor for 19 months of follow-up examination. Conclusion: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor is very rare and has unique feature. We report a successful case of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with the review of the literatures.