• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.183-187
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• 2008

Pseudohyperplastic prostatic adenocarcinoma is a rare histologic variant of prostatic adenocarcinoma that resembles benign nodular hyperplasia. Immunohistochemistry can verify the absence of basal cells, but it is frequently admixed with conventional adenocarcinoma. Because fine needle aspiration cytology is rarely performed in primary prostatic adenocarcinoma, the cytology of the pseudohyperplastic variant has not been described. We experienced a case of metastatic pseudohyperplastic adenocarcinoma in a pulmonary nodule of 75-year-old man. The cytologic smear was mostly composed of large, flat sheets with elongated branching papillae in a clean background. The sheets showed a well-defined honeycomb appearance of tall columnar, regularly arranged monotonous cells with little cytologic atypia. In subsequent prostatic biopsy, pseudohyperplastic variants were identified together with conventional adenocarcinoma of Gleason's grade 3 and 4. The cytologic features of pulmonary nodules were identical to those of pseudohyperplastic components of prostatic adenocarcinoma.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.31-34
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• 2000

Pulmonary hamartoma is an uncommon benign tumor consisting of a mixture of loose fibromyxoid tissue, cartilage, fat, and cleft-like spaces lined by cuboidal or ciliated epithelium. Cytologically, the presence of a mesenchymal component is essential for the diagnosis of pulmonary hamartoma. We report the fine needle aspiration cytologic findings of two cases of pulmonary hamartoma. Case 1 was a 71-year-old woman with a mass, measuring $1.8{\times}1.5cm$ in the upper lobe of the right lung. Case 2 was a 51-year-old woman with a mass, measuring $2.3{\times}2.0cm$ in the lower lobe of the right lung. Fine needle aspiration cytology of both pulmonary masses revealed several sheets of loose fibromyxoid tissue fragments with focal cartilaginous differentiation and a few clusters of bland cuboidal epithelial cells on the bloody background. The diagnosis was histologically confirmed by needle biopsy.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.98-102
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• 1990

Hepatoblastoma (HB) is a rare embryonic malignant tumor of the liver. Most morphological studies on HB have limited to the histological characteristics and only 3 cases of HB have been described in the cytology literature. We present 2 cases of HB occurring in children aged 1 year and 3 years, respectively. The distinctive cytologic features of fine needle aspiration of HB were clusters of tumor cells showing acinar and trabecular pattern, smaller tumor cells with a high nuclear-cytopalsmic ratio and hyperchromatic nuclei having prominent nucleoli, and the presence of extramedullary hematopoiesis and osteoid material. These features were also found in the cell block and the biopsy specimen, and appeared very useful in the differentiation of HB from hepatocellular carcinoma.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.194-198
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• 1997

Extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is a relatively rare tumor and its cytologic findings have rarely been reported. We experienced a case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of soft tissue of the right lateral neck diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy in a 59 year-old man. Cytologic findings showed two cell components. One was an undifferentiated, small cell component with moderate amount of cytoplasm and spindle nuclei. The second population was a chondroid component. These cytologic findings were diagnostic to mesenchymal chondrosarcoma.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.160-165
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• 1993

Phyllodes tumor of the breast, especially malignant, is a rare tumor which has characteristic cytologic features. We recently experienced a case of fine needle aspiration cytology of malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast metastatic to the lung. The aspirate showed cellular smear with biphasic population of epithelial and stromal cells. Many individual large cells with round hyperchromatic nuclei were found in the necrotic background and stromal cell atypia was also present. Chondrosarcomatous fragments were also seen in cytologic specimens.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.148-152
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• 1991

A mediastinal mass was aspirated by fluoroscope-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy in a 47 years old female patient. The first aspiration smears were not diagnostic, because of hemorrhagic background and cell paucity. On the second aspiration, the smears were composed of some clusters of benign epithelial cells in hemorrhagic back-ground. Cells were arranged in mostly solid sheets and tended to form glandular lumina in part. Their nuclei were round and vesicular. Nucleoli were not prominent. These findings were suggestive of benign glandular tissue, which was finally confirmed as mediastinal thyroid gland by open thoracotomy specimen.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.134-141
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• 1991

Localized or solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) of the pleura has been classified as a type of mesothelioma, arising from the submesothelial connective tissue cells. The preoperative diagnosis of the tumor at the cytologic or histologic level is very important for the proper handling of the lesion. This preoperative diagnosis is now possible by means of the advance in the transthoracic fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) techniques and in the very experience of the cytopathologists. We describe FNA cytologic feature of two cases of SFT arising from the pleura. Cytologic, histologic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic characteristics of pleural SFT are discussed. The tumor cells of SFT are spindle or oval in shape with a variable amount of cytoplasm. They are arranged in irregular trabeculae intimately associated with capillaries. A unique cytologic feature observed in this tumor is that thick, eosinophilic, amorphous collagen bundles are scattered between tumor cells.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.52-56
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• 1994

We experienced a case of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of breast which showed atypical proliferative lesion. It was very difficult to differentiate this case from malignancy, because of hypercellular smear and many clusters composed of large, atypical ductal cells. However, it showed other features favoring benignancy, such as tendency of cellular cohesiveness, only slightly increased nucleus/cytoplasm ratio and most importantly presence of myoepithelial cells. It's histologic diagnosis was intraductal hyperplasia with atypia. This case indicates that all atypical breast FNA specimen should lead to the suggestion of surgical biopsy for avoiding over- or under-diagnosis.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2008

The major categories of neuroendocrine tumors of lung are typical carcinoid, atypical carcinoid, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, and small cell carcinoma. The histologic classification criteria of neuroendocrine tumors are well documented in the "WHO Classification of Tumors" based on mitotic figures and necrosis. Cytologic characteristics of neuroendocrine tumors are trabecular, acinar, and solid arrangement of tumor cells and occasional rosette formation. Nuclear chromatin patterns are characteristically described as "salt and pepper chromatin pattern". Many of cytologic classifications documented in the literature are before the "WHO Classification". In this review, the cytologic features of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors are documented according to the WHO classification, and recent concepts of neuroendocrine tumors of lung are discussed.

• Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.404-410
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• 2018

Background: Fine-needle aspiration cytology serves as a safe, economical tool in evaluating thyroid nodules. However, about 30% of the samples are categorized as indeterminate. Hence, many immunocytochemistry markers have been studied, but there has not been a single outstanding marker. We studied the efficacy of CD56 with human bone marrow endothelial cell marker-1 (HBME-1) in diagnosis in the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) category III. Methods: We reviewed ThinPrep liquid-based cytology (LBC) samples with Papanicolaou stain from July 1 to December 31, 2016 (2,195 cases) and selected TBSRTC category III cases (n=363). Twenty-six cases were histologically confirmed as benign (six cases, 23%) or malignant (20 cases, 77%); we stained 26 LBC slides with HBME-1 and CD56 through the cell transfer method. For evaluation of reactivity of immunocytochemistry, we chose atypical follicular cell clusters. Results: CD56 was not reactive in 18 of 20 cases (90%) of malignant nodules and showed cytoplasmic positivity in five of six cases (83%) of benign nodules. CD56 showed high sensitivity (90.0%) and relatively low specificity (83.3%) in detecting malignancy (p=.004). HBME-1 was reactive in 17 of 20 cases (85%) of malignant nodules and was not reactive in five of six cases (83%) of benign nodules. HBME-1 showed slightly lower sensitivity (85.0%) than CD56. The specificity in detecting malignancy by HBME-1 was similar to that of CD56 (83.3%, p=.008). CD56 and HBME-1 tests combined showed lower sensitivity (75.0% vs 90%) and higher specificity (93.8% vs 83.3%) in detecting malignancy compared to using CD56 alone. Conclusions: Using CD56 alone showed relatively low specificity despite high sensitivity for detecting malignancy. Combining CD56 with HBME-1 could increase the specificity. Thus, we suggest that CD56 could be a useful preoperative marker for differential diagnosis of TBSRTC category III samples.