• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제43권3호
• /
• pp.361-367
• /
• 2019

Panax ginseng, known as Koran ginseng, one of the most commonly used traditional plants, has been demonstrated to show a wide range of pharmacological applications. Ginsenosides are the major active ingredients found in ginseng and are responsible for the biological and pharmacological activities, such as antioxidation, antiinflammation, vasorelaxation, and anticancer actions. Existing studies have mostly focused on identifying and purifying single ginsenosides and investigating pharmacological activities and molecular mechanisms in cells and animal models. However, ginsenoside studies based on clinical trials have been very limited. Therefore, this review aimed to discuss the currently available clinical trials on ginsenosides and provide insights and future directions for developing ginsenosides as efficacious and safe drugs for human disease.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.199-204
• /
• 2007

In digital radiography, to improve the contrast of digital radiography image, the multi-scale nonlinear amplification algorithm based on unsharp masking is one of the major image enhancement algorithms. In this paper, we used the Laplacian pyramid to decompose a digital radiography(DR) image. In our simulation, the DR image was decomposed into seven layers and the coefficients of the each layer was amplified with nonlinear function. We also imported a noise containment algorithm to limit noise amplification. To enhance the contrast of image, we proposed a new adaptive non-linear gain amplification coefficients. As a result of having applied to some clinical data, a detail visibility was improved significantly without unacceptable noise boosting. Images that acquired with the proposed adaptive non-linear gain coefficients have shown superior quality to those that applied similar gain control method and expected to be accepted in the clinical applications.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.113-125
• /
• 2018

Exosomes are membranous vesicles of 30-150 nm in diameter that are derived from the exocytosis of the intraluminal vesicles of many cell types including immune cells, stem cells, cardiovascular cells and tumor cells. Exosomes participate in intercellular communication by delivering their contents to recipient cells, with or without direct contact between cells, and thereby influence physiological and pathological processes. They are present in various body fluids and contain proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and microRNAs that can be transported to surrounding cells. Theragnosis is a concept in next-generation medicine that simultaneously combines accurate diagnostics with therapeutic effects. Molecular components in exosomes have been found to be related to certain diseases and treatment responses, indicating that they may have applications in diagnosis via molecular imaging and biomarker detection. In addition, recent studies have reported that exosomes have immunotherapeutic applications or can act as a drug delivery system for targeted therapies with drugs and biomolecules. In this review, we describe the formation, structure, and physiological roles of exosomes. We also discuss their roles in the pathogenesis and progression of diseases including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. The potential applications of exosomes for theragnostic purposes in various diseases are also discussed. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the physiological and pathological roles of exosomes as well as their diagnostic and therapeutic uses, including emerging exosome-based therapies that could not be applied until now.

• Laboraroty Animal Research
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.160-165
• /
• 2018

Breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer death among woman, worldwide, despite advances in identifying novel targeted therapies and the development of treating strategies. Classification of clinical subtypes (ER+, PR+, HER2+, and TNBC (Triple-negative)) increases the complexity of breast cancers, which thus necessitates further investigation. Mouse models used in breast cancer research provide an essential approach to examine the mechanisms and genetic pathway in cancer progression and metastasis and to develop and evaluate clinical therapeutics. In this review, we summarize tumor transplantation models and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of breast cancer and their applications in the field of human breast cancer research and anti-cancer drug development. These models may help to improve the knowledge of underlying mechanisms and genetic pathways, as well as creating approaches for modeling clinical tumor subtypes, and developing innovative cancer therapy.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.265-270
• /
• 2007

Polarization imaging systems have been widely used to selectively characterize skin lesions. Nevertheless, current systems are used in single-mode due to the limitations of a fixed polarization mode and a single-working distance of light source, in which uniform light distribution is achieved on target area. To address such limitations, we developed a variable polarization imaging system based on multi-working distance of light source for various clinical diagnoses. In this study, we characterize the imaging system and present experiment results demonstrating its clinical usefulness. The imaging system consists of a CCD color camera, linear polarization filters, and a single-layered LED ring light source which provides uniform light distribution at multi-working distances. The first polarizer was placed on the light source and the second polarizer placed on objective lens provides continuous linear polarization angle from $0^{\circ}\;to\;90^{\circ}$. The clinical efficacy of the imaging system was investigated by acquiring and analyzing clinical images of skin wrinkle and dental plaque. With the experiments, we verified the potential usefulness of the imaging system for other clinical applications.

• 순환기질환의공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 순환기질환의공학회 2005년도 제5회 학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.59-60
• /
• 2005

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.271-278
• /
• 2009

Recently, robot research and development was interesting the inside and outside of the country. Medical robot surgery showed diverse advantages according to advanced technical robot research. Also the academic society, research institute and industry showed concerning to the medical robot system. There is a growing need to introduce medical research for aging society. The surgical landscape is quickly changing because of the major driving force of robotics. Robot system and biomedical engineering research as defined a new engine of development show present ways of future revitalization of medical robot system. Medical robot system will be even more utilized when we keeps trying to combine high biomedical technique, IT research, and robot technique. In this review article, we begin with a short historical review of medical robotics, followed by an overview of clinical applications where robots have been applied.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한의용생체공학회 1996년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.263-267
• /
• 1996

An estimation algorithm based on training of fuzzy logic system using back-propagation is proposed, in this paper, for determining cardiac output in the TAH. The proposed estimation utilizes only a motor current waveform generated from the moving actuator of the electromechanical TAH without using any extra transducers as an information source for estimation. In in vitro tests, the resultant estimation performance was acceptable to alppy the proposed algorithm to animal experiments and further clinical applications.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2007년도 공동학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2007

Two impedance imaging systems of multi-frequency electrical impedance tomography (MFEIT) and magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (MREIT) are described. MFEIT utilizes boundary measurements of current-voltage data at multiple frequencies to reconstruct cross-sectional images of a complex conductivity distribution (${\sigma}+i{\omega}{\varepsilon}$) inside the human body. The inverse problem in MFEIT is ill-posed due to the nonlinearity and low sensitivity between the boundary measurement and the complex conductivity. In MFEIT, we therefore focus on time- and frequency-difference imaging with a low spatial resolution and high temporal resolution. Multi-frequency time- and frequency-difference images in the frequency range of 10 Hz to 500 kHz are presented. In MREIT, we use an MRI scanner to measure an internal distribution of induced magnetic flux density subject to an injection current. This internal information enables us to reconstruct cross-sectional images of an internal conductivity distribution with a high spatial resolution. Conductivity image of a postmortem canine brain is presented and it shows a clear contrast between gray and white matters. Clinical applications for imaging the brain, breast, thorax, abdomen, and others are briefly discussed.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.503-510
• /
• 2011

Cellular uptake of nanoparticles for stem cell labeling and tracking is a critical technique for biomedical therapeutic applications. However, current techniques suffer from low intracellular labeling efficiency and cytotoxic effects, which has led to great interest in the development of a new labeling strategy. Using silica-coated nanoparticles conjugated with rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC) (SR), we tested the cellular uptake efficiency, biocompatibility, proliferation or differentiation ability with murine bone marrow derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. The bone marrow hematopoietic cells showed efficient uptake with SR with dose or time dependent manner and also provided a higher uptake on hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Biocompatibility tests revealed that the SR had no deleterious effects on cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, or multi-differentiation capacities in vitro and in vivo. SR nanoparticles are advantageous over traditional labeling techniques as they possess a high level of cellular internalization without limiting the biofunctionality of the cells. Therefore, SR provides a useful alternative for gene or drug delivery into hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells for basic research and clinical applications.