• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.1262-1274
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• 2022

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a complex and refractor type of cancer with global prevalence. Several barriers remain in CCA diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Therefore, exploring more biomarkers and therapeutic drugs for CCA management is necessary. CCA gene expression data was downloaded from the TCGA and GEO databases. KEGG enrichment, GO analysis, and protein-protein interaction network were used for hub gene identification. miRNA were predicted using Targetscan and validated according to several GEO databases. The relative RNA and miRNA expression levels and prognostic information were obtained from the GEPIA. The candidate drug was screened using pharmacophore-based virtual screening and validated by molecular modeling and through several in vitro studies. 301 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened out. Complement and coagulation cascades-related genes (including AHSG, F2, TTR, and KNG1), and cell cycle-related genes (including CDK1, CCNB1, and KIAA0101) were considered as the hub genes in CCA progression. AHSG, F2, TTR, and KNG1 were found to be significantly decreased and the eight predicted miRNA targeting AHSG, F2, and TTR were increased in CCA patients. CDK1, CCNB1, and KIAA0101 were found to be significantly abundant in CCA patients. In addition, Molport-003-703-800, which is a compound that is derived from pharmacophores-based virtual screening, could directly bind to CDK1 and exhibited anti-tumor activity in cholangiocarcinoma cells. AHSG, F2, TTR, and KNG1 could be novel biomarkers for CCA. Molport-003-703-800 targets CDK1 and work as potential cell cycle inhibitors, thereby having potential for consideration for new chemotherapeutics for CCA.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2023

In the past, rice bakanae was considered an endemic disease that did not cause significant losses in Korea; however, the disease has recently become a serious threat due to climate change, changes in farming practices, and the emergence of fungicide-resistant strains. Since the bakanae outbreak in 2006, its incidence has gradually decreased due to the application of effective control measures such as hot water immersion methods and seed disinfectants. However, in 2013, a marked increase in bakanae incidence was observed, causing problems for rice farmers. Therefore, in this review, we present the potential risks from climate change based on an epidemiological understanding of the pathogen, host plant, and environment, which are the key elements influencing the incidence of bakanae. In addition, disease management options to reduce the disease pressure of bakanae below the economic threshold level are investigated, with a specific focus on resistant varieties, as well as chemical, biological, cultural, and physical control methods. Lastly, as more effective countermeasures to bakanae, we propose an integrated disease management option that combines different control methods, including advanced imaging technologies such as remote sensing. In this review, we revisit and examine bakanae, a traditional seed-borne fungal disease that has not gained considerable attention in the agricultural history of Korea. Based on the understanding of the present significance and anticipated risks of the disease, the findings of this study are expected to provide useful information for the establishment of an effective response strategy to bakanae in the era of climate change.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.633-638
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• 2022

천적유지식물은 재배지에 천적을 지속적으로 유지할 수 있도록 하기 위하여 필요한 비작물성 식물이다. 미끌애꽃노린재는 총채벌레 등 원예작물 해충의 주요 천적이지만, 재배지의 장기적인 유지를 위해서 효율적인 천적유지식물의 개발이 필요하다. 미끌애꽃노린재의 우수한 천적유지식물을 선발하기 위하여 다양한 화밀식물 7종류(돌나물, 채송화 그리고 국화 5 품종)를 대상으로 미끌애꽃노린재의 산란율을 비교해 본 결과, 노란색 꽃을 가진 국화 품종에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 총채벌레 방제를 위한 미끌애꽃노린재의 효과를 증대하는데 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.139-146
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• 2023

Osteoporosis is a disease in which the risk of bone fractures increases due to a decrease in bone density caused by aging. Osteoporosis is diagnosed by measuring bone density in the total hip, femoral neck, and lumbar spine. To accurately measure bone density in the lumbar spine, the vertebral region must be segmented from the lumbar X-ray image. Deep learning-based automatic spinal segmentation methods can provide fast and precise information about the vertebral region. In this study, we used 695 lumbar spine images as training and test datasets for a deep learning segmentation model. We proposed a lumbar automatic segmentation model, CM-Net, which combines the center point of the spine and the modified U-Net network. As a result, the average Dice Similarity Coefficient(DSC) was 0.974, precision was 0.916, recall was 0.906, accuracy was 0.998, and Area under the Precision-Recall Curve (AUPRC) was 0.912. This study demonstrates a high-performance automatic segmentation model for lumbar X-ray images, which overcomes noise such as spinal fractures and implants. Furthermore, we can perform accurate measurement of bone density on lumbar X-ray images using an automatic segmentation methodology for the spine, which can prevent the risk of compression fractures at an early stage and improve the accuracy and efficiency of osteoporosis diagnosis.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.211-217
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• 2023

Recently, many studies have introduced artificial intelligence systems in the surgical process to reduce the incidence and mortality of complications in patients. Bleeding is a major cause of operative mortality and complications. However, there have been few studies conducted on detecting bleeding in surgical videos. To advance the development of deep learning models for detecting intraoperative hemorrhage, three models have been trained and compared; such as, YOLOv5, RetinaNet50, and RetinaNet101. We collected 1,016 bleeding images extracted from five surgical videos. The ground truths were labeled based on agreement from two specialists. To train and evaluate models, we divided the datasets into training data, validation data, and test data. For training, 812 images (80%) were selected from the dataset. Another 102 images (10%) were used for evaluation and the remaining 102 images (10%) were used as the evaluation data. The three main metrics used to evaluate performance are precision, recall, and false positive per image (FPPI). Based on the evaluation metrics, RetinaNet101 achieved the best detection results out of the three models (Precision rate of 0.99±0.01, Recall rate of 0.93±0.02, and FPPI of 0.01±0.01). The information on the bleeding detected in surgical videos can be quickly transmitted to the operating room, improving patient outcomes.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제65권1호
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• pp.96-112
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• 2023

Rye (Secale cereale L.) is a valuable annual forage crop in Korea but there is limited information about the impact of chemical and biological additives on fermentation characteristics of the crop. This experiment was conducted to investigate fermentation dynamics of wilted forage rye treated with the following six additives; control (no additive), sodium diacetate applied at 3 g/kg wilted forage weight (SDA3), 6 g/kg wilted forage weight (SDA6), inoculations (10⁶ CFU/g wilted forage) of Lactobacillus plantarum (LP), L. buchneri (LB), or LP+LB. The ensiled rye sampled at 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, and 45 days indicated that the acidification occurred fast within five days of storage than the rest of the storage period. The microbial inoculants decline the pH of ensiled forage, more rapidly than the control or SDA treated, which accompanied by the decrease of water-soluble carbohydrates and increase of lactic acid. Compared with the control silage, all treatments suppressed ammonia-nitrogen formation below to 35 g/kg DM throughout the sampling period. Suppression of total microbial counting occurred in SDA6, LP, and LP + LB. The lactic acid production rates were generally higher in microbial inoculation treatments. Acetic acid concentration was lowest in the LP-treated silage and highest in the SDA- and LB-treated silages. The in vitro dry matter (DM) digestibility and total digestible nutrients were the highest in the silage treated with SDA (6 g/kg) at day 45 of ensiling. Based on lower ammonia-nitrogen concentrations and higher feed value, ensiling forage rye treated with SDA at 6 g/kg is promising through enhanced silage quality.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2022

본 연구는 천연추출물 640종류를 이용하여 알러지 염증억제 효과인 IL-6 및 TNF-α의 억제효과를 확인하기 위한 대한 기능적 연구를 수행하였다. 640종 중 100% 세포생존률을 보인 물질은 36종으로 이 중 IL-6 억제효과를 보인 추출물 중 cyclosporin A와 유사한 억제효과를 보인 물질은 8종이고, TNF-α에서는 5종이였다. 특히, IL-6 및 TNF-α에 공통적인 억제효과를 보인 추출물은 2종으로 하고초 및 눈연꽃 추출물에서 알러지 염증억제효과를 보였고, 알러지 염증억제 효과가 강한 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 내용은 천연추출물을 이용한 알러지 염증억제 기능성 천연 화장품 소재로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 무역학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2017

본 연구는 2016년 WEF(다보스포럼)에서 화두가 된 4차 산업혁명이 무역에 미칠 영향을 고찰하고 우리나라가 무역 강국으로 재도약하기 위한 수출촉진전략을 제시한다. 4차 산업혁명은 종래의 3차 산업혁명 시대의 생산자동화를 넘어 사물인터넷(IoT), 사이버물리시스템(CPS), 인공지능(AI) 그리고 빅데이터 기술의 융·복합을 기반으로 생산기기의 초지능화 및 초연결성 실현을 통한 생산과정의 최적화를 의미한다. 이는 비단 무역을 넘어 사회전반에 영향을 미칠 것으로 전망되는바 본고는 우리나라가 직면한 저성장, 내수침체의 늪에서 벗어나기 위하여 전 세계가 직면한 4차 산업혁명이 무역에 미칠 영향을 고찰하고 나아가 수출촉진전략을 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.644-655
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• 2023

Safety assessment and functional analysis of probiotic candidates are important for their industrial applications. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is one of the most widely recognized probiotic strains. In this study we aimed to determine the functional genes of L. plantarum LRCC5310, isolated from kimchi, using next-generation, whole-genome sequencing analysis. Genes were annotated using the Rapid Annotations using Subsystems Technology (RAST) server and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) pipelines to establish the strain's probiotic potential. Phylogenetic analysis of L. plantarum LRCC5310 and related strains showed that LRCC5310 belonged to L. plantarum. However, comparative analysis revealed genetic differences between L. plantarum strains. Carbon metabolic pathway analysis based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database showed that L. plantarum LRCC5310 is a homofermentative bacterium. Furthermore, gene annotation results indicated that the L. plantarum LRCC5310 genome encodes an almost complete vitamin B₆ biosynthetic pathway. Among five L. plantarum strains, including L. plantarum ATCC 14917^T , L. plantarum LRCC5310 detected the highest concentration of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate with 88.08 ± 0.67 nM in MRS broth. These results indicated that L. plantarum LRCC5310 could be used as a functional probiotic for vitamin B₆ supplementation.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.104-114
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• 2023

In this study, the distribution, bait preference, hosts, symbionts, habitat status, and cytochrome c oxidase subunit-I sequences of the ant Linepithema humile were analyzed. This species habitat comprised approximately 1.5 km along stone crevices, flower gardens, roadsides, and container yards in the vicinity of Busan station, Korea. Feeding activity of this species was confirmed in 9 species of 7 families of plants. Which was approximately 14% of total flora (63 species of 37 families) in the studied area. Particularly, it was observed that Dendranthema indicum and Camellia japonica were the most frequently visited. Further, we verified that they interacted with four species of aphids. We identified 22 species of ants (17 genera, 4 subfamilies) inhabiting the Busan station area, including L. humile, Tetramorium tsushimae, Nylanderia flavipes and the alien species Paratrechina longicornis. In areas where L. humile was the dominant species, the habitat of local native ants was reduced by approximately 30%. Bait preference was ranked in the following order: jelly, water with glucose (25%), and yogurt, with the highest preference for baits containing sugar and protein. The 630-bp cytochrome c oxidase subunit-I sequences of the local L. humile populations were 99% identical to those of L. humile in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database, and the Argentine ants that invaded Korea had a sequence identical to that of other invasive populations from China, Japan, and New Zealand. As L. humile rapidly increases due to domestic adaptation, continuous monitoring and control strategy for eradication are needed to protect domestic biodiversity.