• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.222-227
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• 1998

The activities of enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism have been determinated in the host cytosolic and bacteroid fractions of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) nodules formed with B. japonicum I 16 and in roots of nodulated cowpeas. The host cytosolic fraction of the nodules contained the enzymes of glycolytic pathway and the pentose phosphate pathway, whereas the bacteroids had only limited capacity for carbohydrate metabolism and appeared to be insufficient for the complete glycolytic pathway as well as starch synthesis and degradation. In a time-course study, using plants grown in a glasshouse, the acetylene-reducing activity (ARA) of the nodules increased in parallel with the total N content of plants and protein of the nodules until approximately 8 weeks after planting. Subsequently, the weight and size of the nodules and the weight of the plants continued to increase, but there was a sharp decrease in the ARA and the total N content of the plants.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.533-538
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• 1993

The Wx protein, known as starch synthase or starch glucosyl transferase (E.C. 2.4.1.11), is responsible for the amylose synthesis. In an effort to explain the mechanism of amylose biosynthesis, the starch synthase known as Wx protein was identified by analyzing the various wx rice mutants with SDS-PAGE of proteins extracted from rice starch. Finally, the 66 kDa protein was purified by extracting the starch-bound protein fractions followed by Suprose 12 gel filtration chromatography.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1999

Poly-${\beta}$-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and enzymes related PHB metabolism have been measured in nitrogen-fixing symbiosis of chickpea and cowpea plants. Bacteroids from chickpea and cowpea contained PHB to 0.8% and 43% of their dry weight, respectively, whereas the free-living cells CC 1192 and I 16 produced $285{\pm}55mg$ and $157{\pm}18mg$ of PHB g (dry weight)$^{-1}$. To further understand why chickpea bacteroids contained little PHB, the enzyme activities of PHB metabolism (3-ketothiolase, acetoacetyl-CoA reductase, PHB depolymerase, and 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase), the TCA cycle (malate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase), and related reactions (malic enzyme, pyruvate dehydrogenase, and glutamate:2-oxoglutarate transaminase) were compared in extracts from chickpea and cowpea bacteroids and the respective free-living bacteria. Significant differences were observed between chickpea and cowpea bacteroids and between the bacteroid and free-living forms of CC 1192, with respect to the capacity for some of these reactions. It is indicated that a greater potential for oxidizing malate to oxaloacetate in chickpea bacteroids could be a factor that favors the utilization of acetyl-CoA in TCA cycle rather than for PHB synthesis.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.224-227
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• 1998

The expression of ferritin involved in iron metabolism is regulated at the translational level by the interaction of iron regulatory protein with iron-responsive element(IRE) in the 5'-untranslated region of ferritin transcript. To identify the role of structural element utilized for translational regulation of ferritin, we studied the effects of mutations in the ferritin IRE by measuring IRP binding activity and translational activity. Our data suggest that the cytosine at bulged position of IRE within ferritin is important for the formation of RNA secondary structure involved in translational regulation.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2009

To search a new pig pheromonal odorant, the $N^1$-allyl-$N^2$-(tetrahydrofuran-Z-ylmethyl)oxalamide molecule predicted by ligand based approach and molecular docking method was synthesized by nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction ($Ad_{NU-E}$) between N-allyloxalamic acid ethylester and tetrahydrofurlmethylamine. According to the evaluation results for efficiency of pig estrus control, the synthesized pig pheromonal $N^1$-allyl-$N^2$-(tetrahydrofuran-2-ylmethyl)oxalamide molecule advanced the estrus by 11.3 days (p<0.05) compared with the non-pheromone group. And from these results, it is predicted that the synthesized pig pheromonal compound will be able to increase the reproduction efficiency of pig.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.167-173
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• 2002

The isoflavone as a derivatives of flavone is colorless crystalline compounds. It acts on synthesis of fibronectine, collagen III, collagen I in human normal fibroblast by same biological activity to animal hormone. In this study, we tried to search and demonstrate system content rate of dermal translocation system for cosmetics using microemulsion containing isoflavone. The results of microemulsion stability test by centrifugation, storage in incubator and circulation chamber showed that separation of phase did not appear after 30 days. By the skin flexibility test, it has confirmed efficiency and effect as cosmetics materials. As the result, the microemulsion showed that skin flexibility factor improved up to 7.6%. We could confirm that O/W type microemulsion was stable system.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.355-361
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• 2006

[1,2,4]-Triazole derivatives were synthesized by 5 steps. Benzimidazole was refluxed with ethyl chloroacetate to give 1H-benzimidazole-acetic acid ethyl ester (1) over 52% yield. Ester (1) was refluxed with hydrazine hydrate in the presence of ethanol to afford 1H-benzimidazole-1-acetic acid, hydrazide (2). 5-Benzoimidazol-1-ylmethyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazole-3-thiol (4) was made via coupling of compound (2) with methyl isothiocyanate, followed by cyclization of 1H-benzimidazole-1-acetic acid, 2-[(methylamino) thioxomethyl]hydrazide (3) on reflux, and finally the target compounds (6a-6v) were synthesized by general substitution reaction. Compounds (6a-6v) were screened for T-type calcium channel blocker using the fluorescence assay by FDSS6000. All compounds (6a-6v) did not show better activities than control compound, mibefradil.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.6-11
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• 2001

An ${\omega}-3$ fatty acid desaturase gene which is involved in de novo synthesis of -Iinolenate was isolated from cDNA library of Perilla frutescens. A cDNA library was constructed with mRNA extracted from perilla seeds of 12 DAF. The cDNA clone consisting of 1317-bp open reading frame encoding 438 amino acids with a relative MW of 50kDa, was isolated and showed 65-83% similarities to other known genes. This cDNA is deduced to encode a plastidal ${\omega}-3$ fatty acid desaturase based on the fact that it has higher homology to plastidal ones than to microsomal ones and its N-terminal sequence shares several characteristics of transit peptides of chloroplast proteins. Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA indicated that more than one gene or alleles for ${\omega}-3$ fatty acid desaturase are present in the genome of perilla. Northern blot analysis showed that the ${\omega}-3$ fatty acid desaturase gene is mainly revealed in early developing seeds and has different expression patterns depending on tissue types compared to the microsomal ones.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.164-174
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• 1986

도열병균에 의한 벼의 목 및 잎도열병에 효과가 좋은 새로운 살균제의 개발을 시도하였다. 농약으로 예상되는 몇몇 3-oxo-1, 2-benzisothiazole-1, 1-dioxide의 새로운 유도체들을 합성하고, 이들 유도체들의 도열병균 (Pyricularia oryzae)에 대한 항균성을 agar medium dilution 방법에 의해 측정하였다. 3-oxo-1, 2-benzisothiazole-1, 1-dioxide의 5 원자 고리의 3개 구조 단위중에서 가장 항균성이 큰 단위는 $R-S-C=N-SO_2-$단위이며, 3개 구조 단위의 항균성 순서는 $RS-C=N-SO_2-\;{\geq}\;RO-C=N-SO_2-\;>\;-CNR-SO_2-$였다. 30개 후보화합물 가운데서 14개의 유도체가 도열병균에 효능이 좋은 것으로 알려진 oryzemate 보다 우수한 항균성을 나타냈다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.849-854
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• 2006

The effects of Haematococcus pluvialis extracellular products on microbial growth and bacteriocin production were investigated to improve bacteriocin synthesis during the growth cycle of Lactobacilli. Lactobacillus pentosus KJ-108, L. plantarum KJ-10311, and L. sakei KJ-2008 were cultured in MRS and enriched medium (ERM) with or without supplement of the extracellular products obtained from a late exponential phase culture of Haematococcus pluvialis in modified Bold's basal medium (MBBM). In both MRS and ERM, the extracellular products strongly enhanced the growth as well as the bacteriocin production of all the lactic acid bacteria tested. The enhancing effect was observed in ERM with pH adjusted at 5 and 6. In addition, some difference in growth effects with the extracellular products of H. pluvialis was observed between pH 5 and 6 in ERM, but no effect was observed in the minimal medium. The final biomass and the final concentration of bacteriocin activity were associated with the cell growth that was promoted by the extracellular products of H. pluvialis, and the enhanced cell growth of the three lactic acid bacterial strains induced the increase of the specific bacteriocin production. Therefore, bacteriocin production and activity were influenced by the addition of the extracellular products of H. pluvialis in the culture medium.