• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.145-148
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• 1981

A study has been conducted to ascertain persistency of p-chlorophenoxy acetic acid (CPA), a plant growth substance, in soil. CPA was extracted from soil and then converted to a gIc (ECD) sensitive derivative, 2-chloroethyl p-chlorophenoxy acetate (CPA ester) with $BCI_3$ as catalyst. Total recovery of CPA including the chemical conversion was 49.4% and detection limit of CPA in soil, a minimum concentration of the compound which can be identified on chromatogram, was 0.03 ppm. Half life of CPA in clay loam under field conditions was 20 days and that of CPA under laboratory condition was 27.4 days respectively.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.28-41
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• 2007

Virtual reality technology is now being used in neuropsychological assessment and real-world applications of many psychiatric disorders, including anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, child psychiatric disorders, dementia, and substance related disorders. These applications are growing rapidly due to recent evolution in both hardware and software of virtual reality. In this paper, we review these current applications and discuss the future work of clinical, ethical, and technological aspects needed to refine and expand these applications to psychiatry.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.45-56
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• 1992

The Anaerbic Anoxic/oxic process is one of the biological treatment methods to remove nitrogen and phosphorus effectively which are nutritional elements for eutrophication. Supernatant of primary sediment of Anaerobic digester is used as a carbon source instead of methanol methanol supply in usual A$_{2}$/O process. The efficiency of the following treatment processes are as follow : 1) Changing recycle ratio in the usual A$_{2}$/O process without the stage of Anaerobic digester. 2) Changing recycle ratio in the usual A$_{2}$/O process with the supernatant supply of the Anaerobic digester. In the result of comparison, changing recycle ratio is almost no effect in the removal of phosphorus, however the effect of removal in nitrogenous substance are remarkable, and the effect of Anaerobic digester is not as effective as expected because the BOD removed in the digester partly, the rate of phosphorus to the BOD exceed pertinent range.

• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.4.1-4.3
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• 2013

A history of discoveries of a gene and DNA was viewed with respect to people, time and places. It started with G. Mendel and J. Meisher, who discovered a gene in a plant species in 1866 and DNA in animals in 1869, respectively. With recognition that DNA was a chemical substance, A. Kossel identified the four chemical components of DNA without knowing their biological function around the turn of the 19th century. On the other hand F. Griffith found a peculiar activity in a bacterial species in 1928, but victimized by the war before understanding what it was. Those discoveries were made in Europe, but they were still fragmentary. Then, in USA, O. T. Avery, A. Hershey, M. Nirenberg and other scientists organized the European discoveries and elucidated their coordinated biological functions in 1950's and 1960'.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.633-640
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• 2012

Biological methods are described for the assay of certain substances and preparations whose potency cannot be adequately assured by chemical or physical analysis. The principle applied through these assays is of a comparison with a standard preparation to determine how much of the examined substance produces the same biological effects as a given quantity (the Unit) of the standard preparation. In these dilution assays, to estimate the relative potencies of the unknown preparations to the standard preparations, it is necessary to compare dose-response relationships of standard and unknown preparations. The dose-response relationship in the dilution assay is non-linear and sigmoid when a wide range of doses is applied. The parallel line model (applied to the dose region with the steepest slope) is used to estimate the relative potency. In this paper, the statistical theory in the parallel line model is explained with an application to a dilution assay data. The parallel line method is implemented in a SAS program and is available at the author's homepage(http://cafe.daum.net/go.analysis).

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2002

This paper was investigated to clarify the possibility of a biodegradation of materials adsorbed on different porous granular-activated carbons (GACs) such as coal-& coconut-based GAC. Total organic carbon, humic substance and ammonia were used to compare their removal efficiencies. The objective of this study is to determine the adsorption capacity of bioregenerated GAC. When raw water reacted with chloride, the yield of THMs increased as a function of the input amount of chloride. The formation of trihalomethanes (THMs) was investigated in water treated with chlorine when humic acid was used as THM precursor. As the input amount of chloride in raw water increased by two or five-fold to remove the $NH_3$, the chloroform of the THMs significantly increased also five or ten-fold. It was found that the chloroform was significantly removed by the treatment of biological activated carbon (BAG) in comparison with the ozone treatment, and the removal efficiency of THMs in coal-typed GAC was $10-30\%$ better than coconut-typed GAC due to the biological degradation on the surface of the activated carbons.

• 약학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.419-422
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• 1999

In order to develop a antimicrobial agent, dried Sophora flavescens Ait. was extracted with several solvents, and than antimicrobial activity was investigated. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracted substance against microorganisms were also examined. Antimicrobial activity of the initial methanol extract from the sample was the strongest compared to those of other solvent extracts such as $H_2O$, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol. The methanol extract had strong growth inhibition activity against gram-postive bacteria (MIC, $25~50{\;}{\mu\textrm{g}}/ml$) such as B. subtilis. Among gram-positive bacteria tested, B. subtilis was the most susceptible to the extracted substance. The antimicrobial activity of the methanol extract from the sample had strong growth inhibition activity against gram-negative bacteria such as P. aeruginosa (MIC, $25{\;}{\mu\textrm{g}}$/ml).

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XIII)
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• pp.452-459
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• 2003

본 실험을 수행하기 위해 EPS를 생산하지 않는 Lactobacillus paracasei KLB58의 돌연변이주를 NTG mutagenesis 방법을 사용하여 선별하였다. 선별된 돌연변이주의 숙주에 대한 부착능을 연구하기 위해 세포 표면의 소수성의 변화에 관하여 연구가 진행되었다. 정량적인 측정을 위해 hydrocarbon의 한 종류인 hexadecane을 소수성층으로 사용하여 세포와 함께 섞이는 kinetics를 측정하였다. 실험결과 KLB58의 돌연변이주는 야생형에 비해 세포표면이 상대적으로 높은 소수성을 나타내었다.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2002

Even though alcoholism is a multi-factorial psychiatric disorder, it is reasonable to suppose that genetic factors play a substantial role in the manifestation of this disorder. Because alcohol is the reinforcing substance which manifests its effects through activation of the mesolimbic dopaminergic reward pathway of the brain, the gene encoding dopamine receptor subtypes can be a major natural candidate gene. Since 1990, many association studies have identified strong evidence implicating the dopamine D2 receptor(DRD2) gene in alcoholism, specifically TaqI A minor(A1) allele. Association studies have also been conducted on other dopamine receptor(DRD3 & DRD4) polymorphisms but the results have yet to be confirmed. Through a number of other approaches, each dopamine receptor gene has been investigated in association with different phenotypes in alcoholism, but further researches will be needed. In conclusion, studies in the past decade have shown that the TaqI A1 allele of the DRD2 gene is associated with alcoholism in various subject groups. Other dopamine receptor genes have since been added to the list but yet to be identified. Thus, the knowledge of these genes and their functional significance will enhance the understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms of alcoholism. Furthermore, it could lead to more helpful prevention and treatment approaches to alcoholism.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.516-521
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• 1995

항 MRSA 물질을 찾기 위하여 찬국 해양 토양을 검색하였고, 거기서 분리된 방선균의 이차 대사물질 중 항 MRSA 효능을 보이는 물질을 AM3이라고 명명하고 이에 대한 연구를 하였다.