• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.602-613
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• 2013

This paper aims at an investigation of the features of bacterial communities in surface sediments of the South China Sea (SCS). In particular, biogeographical distribution patterns and the phylogenetic diversity of bacteria found in sediments collected from a coral reef platform, a continental slope, and a deep-sea basin were determined. Bacterial diversity was measured by an observation of 16S rRNA genes, and 18 phylogenetic groups were identified in the bacterial clone library. Planctomycetes, Deltaproteobacteria, candidate division OP11, and Alphaproteobacteria made up the majority of the bacteria in the samples, with their mean bacterial clones being 16%, 15%, 12%, and 9%, respectively. By comparison, the bacterial communities found in the SCS surface sediments were significantly different from other previously observed deep-sea bacterial communities. This research also emphasizes the fact that geographical factors have an impact on the biogeographical distribution patterns of bacterial communities. For instance, canonical correspondence analyses illustrated that the percentage of sand weight and water depth are important factors affecting the bacterial community composition. Therefore, this study highlights the importance of adequately determining the relationship between geographical factors and the distribution of bacteria in the world's seas and oceans.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.143-155
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• 2016

Present work aims to establish the countermeasure for the better maintenance and preservation of insular floristic diversity at the South Sea of Jeollanamdo Province, ROK, where unique ecosystems are under threat due to climate change, anthropogenic disturbance and habitat destruction. Numerous flora reports from 15 inhabited islands and 60 uninhabited islands as well as field survey data are collated for the compilation of floristic data base and island biogeographical analysis. Out of the 1,940 vascular plant species from 180 families occurring in studies areas, 30.1 percentage or 584 plant species are physiognomically belonging to arboreal plants. Average number of species at individual island is numbered about 222 species, but it varies from about 591 species at the inhabited islands to 129 species at the uninhabited islands. Only 0.15 percentage of species with high proportion above 0.9 in its relative occurrence rate occurs at 68 islands and it includes three species, such as Pinus thunbergii, Eurya japonica and Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum. However, about 68 percentage of plant species occurring in study area is confined their distribution to less than seven islands. Presence of high proportion of notable plants in small islands, i.e., 10 critically endangered species compared with 5.5 species in average, 9 endangered species (average 4.2 spp.) at Sonjookdo, and 7 critically endangered species, 8 endangered species at Sokomundo may due to existence of diverse geological and topographical environmental diversity as well as lower human population density and remoteness from the mainland. Since island is small in size and geographically isolated, minor environmental and ecological burdens can cause the critical damages to the diversity of flora and vegetation, urgent island biogeographical research is needed for the scientific conservation and management of island biodiversity.

• 환경생물
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.413-425
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• 2014

이 글에서는 생물학적 다양성 개념의 역사적 변화를 이해할 한 가지 방안으로 인간 집단의 다양성에 대한 유전학적 연구의 역사를 탐구한 과학기술학 (STS) 연구들을 검토한다. 이를 통해, 지난 백여 년 동안 생물학 연구 방법론의 변화에 따라 인간 집단의 생물학적 다양성을 지시하는 개념의 전환이 이루어져 온 과정을 확인한다. 동시에 이 같은 연구방법과 개념의 극적인 전환에도 불구하고 최근의 인간 유전다양성 과학 역시 연구를 설계하고, 기술하며, 연구 결과를 해석하는 가운데 과거 연구들의 문제적인 가정들을 담지 하는 방향으로 미끄러질 수 있음을 지적한다. 이를 바탕으로 이 글은 생물다양성 연구자들이 개념과 연구 방법론 사이의 긴밀한 연관과 우리 시대의 종 분류 작업이 가져올 수 있는 문제들에 대해 성찰할 기회를 제공할 것이다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.205-213
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• 2022

A new free-living marine nematode, Chaetonema longicorpus sp. nov., was discovered in a subtidal benthic habitat around the Uljin nuclear power plant in the East Sea. Chaetonema longicorpus sp. nov. differs from other Chaetonema species in its very long body length, relatively long cephalic setae, long and narrow buccal cavity, bottle-shaped amphideal fovea, short spicules, only one pre-cloacal seta instead of a pre-cloacal supplement, and conspicuous ventral swelling at the middle of the tail. Herein, we provide a taxonomic description and illustrations of this new species using differential interference contrast microscopy. Furthermore, an illustrated pictorial key to all valid species, including the new species and comparative tables on the biogeographical and morphological characteristics of the genus Chaetonema, are provided.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2016

Background: In order to evaluate the effect of pH, known as a critical factor for shaping the biogeographical microbial patterns in the studies by others, on the bacterial diversity, we selected two sites in a similar geographical location (site 1; north latitude 35.3, longitude 127.8, site 2; north latitude 35.2, longitude 129.2) and compared their soil bacterial diversity between them. The mountain soil at site 1 (Jiri National Park) represented naturally acidic but almost pollution free (pH 5.2) and that at site 2 was neutral but exposed to the pollutants due to the suburban location of a big city (pH 7.7). Methods: Metagenomic DNAs from soil bacteria were extracted and amplified by PCR with 27F/518R primers and pyrosequenced using Roche 454 GS FLX Titanium. Results: Bacterial phyla retrieved from the soil at site 1 were more diverse than those at site 2, and their bacterial compositions were quite different: Almost half of the phyla at site 1 were Proteobacteria (49 %), and the remaining phyla were attributed to 10 other phyla. By contrast, in the soil at site 2, four main phyla (Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Cyanobacteria) composed 94 %; the remainder was attributed to two other phyla. Furthermore, when bacterial composition was examined on the order level, only two Burkholderiales and Rhizobiales were found at both sites. So depending on pH, the bacterial community in soil at site 1 differed from that at site 2, and although the acidic soil of site 1 represented a non-optimal pH for bacterial growth, the bacterial diversity, evenness, and richness at this site were higher than those found in the neutral pH soil at site 2. Conclusions: These results and the indices regarding diversity, richness, and evenness examined in this study indicate that pH alone might not play a main role for bacterial diversity in soil.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.27-40
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• 2002

Beach death assemblages of bivalve mollusks were studied with respect to their species composition in six localities along the eastern coast of Korea (Gangneung, Jumunjin, Daejin, Gallam, Jukbyeon, Hupo and Chooksan). In all, thirty-nine species belonging to 30 genera and 19 families were recorded, and species diversity between the sampling sites varied from 5 to 21. Biogeographical analysis showed that studied fauna has warm-water character with the predominance of subtropical and subtropical-lowboreal species and the presence of tropical-subtropical species (in total, 77 %), and only 23 % of mollusks found are cold-water and temperate species. The most abundant species were Septifer virgatus (Wiegmann, 1837), Mytilus galloprovinciallis Lamarck, 1819, Gomphina melanaegis Romer, 1861, Ruditapes philippinarum (Adams et Reeve, 1850), Mactra chinensis Philippi, 1847 and Spisula sachalinensis (Schrenck, 1862).

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.60-63
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• 2018

The family Zopheridae Solier consist of members from several previous families, Zopherinae Solier, Monommatinae Blanchard and Colydiinae Erichson, and more than 1,700 described species are placed in the Zopheridae. They are widely distributed in all major biogeographical regions. The zopheridine genus Bitoma Herbst comprise more than 30 species worldwide including four Palaearctic species. A taxonomic study of the genus Bitoma in Korea is presented. The genus Bitoma and its two species, B. crenata (Fabricius) and B. siccana (Pascoe), are new to the Korean Peninsula. A key, diagnoses, habitus photographs, and illustrations of aedeagus of the Korean Bitoma species are provided.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1992

두토막눈썹참갯지렁이 Perinereis aibuhitensis는 분류특징은 입주머니(proboscis)의 이빨(paragnath)에 변이가 많아 국내에서는 Perinereis vancaurica tetradentata 또는 Neanthes virens 등으로 잘못 알려져 왔다. 이에 한국 서해안 3곳(인천, 서산, 목포)에서 채집된 약 50개체로 분류검토하여 본종의 학명이 P.aibuhitensis임을 밝히고, 아울러 성숙산란형(heteronereid)에 대한 기재를 추가하였다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2007

북극지역에 분포하는 Saxifraga 속에 식물종들은 분류가 까다롭고 연구보고가 매우 적다. 북극권인 노르웨이령 Svalbard와 한국에서 수집된 16종의 Saxifraga 속 식물의 RAPD를 통하여 유전적 다형성을 비교하였다. 실험에 활용한 12 종류의 URP primer 중 4종의 primer를 이용하여 총 79개(44.8%)의 다형성을 가진 DNA 밴드를 선발하여 UPGMA 분석으로 유전적 다형성을 비교하였다. 그 결과 북극 Svalbard에서 수집된 9종의 Saxifraga 속 식물들이 한국에서 수집된 종들에 비해 유전적 다형성이 큰 것으로 확인되었다. 유사도 매트릭스를 활용한 분석 결과는 두 지역에 수집된 종들간에 비교적 뚜렷한 구룹을 형성하였으며, 한국 분포종의 RAPD는 북극 Svalbard 지역에 분포하는 종들에 비해 유사도가 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구를 통하여 우리는 두 지역에 분포하는 종들 간의 형태적 유사성이 유전적 유사성과 일치하고 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 분석 결과를 통하여 두 지역간의 지리적 격리, 집단내 영양 생식, 그리고 두 지역간의 환경조건의 차이가 높은 수준의 유전적 다형성을 형성하는 요인이 될 것으로 추론할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.117-129
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• 2021

In this review, we aimed to synthesize the current knowledge on the observed and projected effects of climate change on the ecosystems of Korea (i.e., the Republic of Korea (ROK) or South Korea), as well as the main causes of vulnerability and options for adaptation in these ecosystems based on a range of ecological and biogeographical data. To this end, we compiled a set of peer-reviewed papers published since 2014. We found that publication of climate-related studies on plants has decreased in the field of plant phenology and physiology, whereas such publication has rapidly increased in plant and animal community ecology, reflecting the range shifts and abundance change that are occurring under climate change. Plant phenology studies showed that climate change has increased growing seasons by advancing the timing of flowering and budburst while delaying the timing of leafing out. Community ecology studies indicated that the future ranges of cold-adapted plants and animals could shrink or shift toward northern and high-elevation areas, whereas the ranges of warm-adapted organisms could expand and/or shift toward the areas that the aforementioned cold-adapted biota previously occupied. This review provides useful information and new insights that will improve understanding of climate change effects on the ecosystems of Korea. Moreover, it will serve as a reference for policy-makers seeking to establish future sectoral adaptation options for protection against climate change.