• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.4-9
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• 2003

Biofiltration can effectively remove both organic and inorganic air pollution compounds from both industrial and public sources. However, for the optimal biofiltration performance, it is necessary to gain a better understanding of the inner environment and destruction mechanisms within a biofilter. The effects of operational factors on removal efficiency was studied. Generally, removal efficiency decreases as the loading rate increases. Temperature, as one of the key factors that affect biofiltration design and performance, was also investigated. Conceptually, the biofilter reactor of this paper was divided into five different consecutive stages. The more ethylbenzene COD degraded at each stage, the higher the temperature increases observed compared to the temperatures of the previous stages. It was observed that for every 1 kg of ethylbenzene COD degraded per cubic meter of biofilter media, there was generally a 0.41$^{\circ}C$ increase in the temperature of that stage.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.31-35
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• 2000

A suitable packing material for biofiltration of monoaromatic solvent vapors was selected among various types of packing materials such as peat, bark chips, vermiculite, and Hydroballs. A previously isolated strain, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes BTXO2, which could utilize toluene, m-and p-xylene as carbon and energy sources was used as a biofilter inoculum. Four glass biofilters (6 cm dia. x 60 cm) were individually packed with each of the packing materials and solvent vapors were passed through the columns. During three weeks of peat biofilter operation, average removal efficiencies of toluene, m-and p-xylene were 90.4%, 95.3%, and 82.1%, respectively. With the other packings, the efficiencies were in the range of 10.1 to 58.6％ which were significantly lower than those of the peat biofilter. The peat biofilter was continually operated for approximately nine months and the biofilter sustained its degradation activity during the operation period with minimal maintenance. At steady state, average removal rates of toluene, m- and p-xylene vapors were estimated as 14.2, 5.5, and 8.1 g m$\^$-3/ packing h$\^$-1/, respectively.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제44권7호
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• pp.46-52
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• 2002

Manure compost biofilter for reducing ammonia emissions at the active stage of a semi air tight and agitated bed composting of hog manure amended with sawdust were evaluated in the practical composting plant(75 m 5 m $\times$1.4 m deep). During 55 days of composting and biofiltration process, the manure compost biofilter had a ammonia reduction of 91 to 98%. Results showed that the active stage of composting maintained temperatures between 40 and 7$0^{\circ}C$ and fluctuated greatly the ammonia concentrations between 100 and 300 ppm. Ammonia concentrations in manure compost biofiltration reached within a moderate range (2-18 ppm).

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.272-273
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• 2004

Filter media are one of themost important choices when bilfiltration is applied. Filter media provide adsorbing microbes with available sites for residence and the residential cells grow to degrade or decompose target waste gases. Up to date, filter media were only qualitatively analyzed. As a quantitative approach to filter material for biofiltration, a simple model based on reaction kinetics and mass action law (Ottengraf's Model in 1983) was presented. Cork, zeolite, and granulated activated carbon were tested in terms of effective surface area, cell covered fraction of adsorbing sites, surface roughness, and pore size distribution. The cell covered fraction, surface roughness and hydrophilicity was found to be closely related to the efficiency of gas degradation in biofiltration. The cork was the best candidate for cell residence and growth in this work.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.409-410
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• 2000

생물여과 (biofiltration)로 알려진 기술은 오염물을 gas stream이나 liquid stream을 사용하여 생물학적으로 처리할 수 있다. 주요 방법으로 생물세정 방법과 생물여과의 두 방법을 사용하고 있다. 오염물질 제거효율에 영향을 미치는 인자로는 오염물질의 종류와 특징, 오염물질의 유입농도, 충진물의 종류와 형상, 오염물질이 충진물에 머무름 시간 등이 있다. 일반적으로 생물 여과에 있어서 반응기의 충진물로 compost, peat, wood chips와 토양을 이용하거나 또는 활성이 없는 합성 매체를 이용하기도 한다(Leson and Winer, 1991). (중략)

• 한국토양환경학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.85-96
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• 1999

퇴비를 충전물질로 사용한 생물탈취상으로 난지도매립지에서 발생되는 매립지가스 처리시 악취유발물질 및 휘발성 유기화합물의 제거특성과 생물탈취상의 적용가능성을 평가하고자 하였다 본 연구는 난지도매립지 상부에서 실시하였으며 충전물질로는 난지도퇴비화시범시설에서 생산된 퇴비를 사용하였다. 약 15ppmv로 유입된 황화수소는 25cm충전깊이에서도 98%이상 제거되었으며 산소공급중단 후 혐기성가스만 유입시에는 처리효율이 30%로 저하하였다. 평균유입농도 40ppmv에서의 암모니아 제거 효율은 85%정도이었다. BTEX중 톨루엔과 에틸벤젠의 제거효율은 80%로 벤젠과 자일렌보다 높았다. 수분손실은 가스유입구에서 가장 높게 나타났으며 약 30일 운전기간 동안 pH저하에 의한 산성화는 발생하지 않았다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2006

In this study, conventional biofilters packed with flexible synthetic polyurethane (PU) foam carriers were operated to remove toluene from a contaminated air stream. PU foams containing various adsorbents (e.g., zeolite, sepiolite, dolomite and barite) were synthesized for the biofilter media and their adsorption characteristics of toluene were determined. Adsorption capacity of PU-adsorbent foam was in the order of PU-dolomite ${\approx}$ PU-zeolite > PU-sepiolite > PU-barite. During the biofiltration experiment, influent toluene concentration was in the range of 0-160 ppm and EBRT (i.e., empty bed residence time) was 45 seconds. Pressure drop of the biofilter bed was 4-5 mm $H_2O/m$ column height. The maximum removal capacity was in the order of PU-dolomite > PU-zeolite > PU-sepiolite > PU-barite, while the complete removal capacity was in the order of PU-dolomite > PU-sepiolite > PU-zeolite > PU-barite. The better biofiltration performance in PU-dolomite foam was because PU-dolomite foam had lower density and higher porosity than the others providing favorable conditions for microbial growth. The results of biodegradation kinetic analysis showed that PU-dolomite foam had higher maximum removal rate ($V_m\;=\;11.04\;g$ toluene/kg dry material/day) and saturation constant ($K_s\;=\;26.57\;ppm$) than the other PU foams. This supports that PU-dolomite foam was better than the others for biofilteration of toluene.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2000

음요수 중의 유기탄소의 제거수단으로써 biofiltration법의 타당성을 검토하였다.NOM에서의 생분해 가능한 분율을 알아보기위하여 행하여 졌다. UV 조사량을 3가지로 달리하였을 경우에 회분식에서의 생분해능과 비교하였다. 생물여과 반응기 실험의 경우에 생분해 특성을 검토한 결과 EBCT, 순환비 및 유입농도등과 같은 운전피라미터들이 생물여과 반응기의 생분해능에 영향을 미침을 알 수있었다. 생물여과 반응기의 유출수에서의 UV/DOC의 비는 반응기에 공급되는 원료중의 UV/DOC비에 비해 증가하였으며, 이로부터 생분해에 의해 저거된 DOC는 UV에 의해 그다지 흡수되지 않는 물질임을 알 수있었다. 본 여눅를 통해 생분해 가능한 DOC의 부분을 제거하는데 있어서 생물여과공법이 효과적인 방법이라는 것을 알수있었으며 UV처리와 bilfiltration을 연계한 공정은 수처리 시설에서 유출수의 DOC농도는 낮추는데 효과적인 한가지 방안으로 사료되었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.379-386
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• 2014

Adsorption and biodegradation performance of tetracycline antibiotic compounds such as ttetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC), minocycline (MNC), chlortetracycline (CTC), doxycycline (DXC), meclocycline (MCC), demeclocycline (DMC) on granular activated carbon (GAC) and anthracite-biofilter were evaluated in this study. Removal efficiency of seven tetracycline antibiotic compounds showed 54%~97% by GAC adsorption process (EBCT: 5~30 min). The orders of removal efficiency by GAC adsorption were tetracycline, demeclocycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, doxytetracycline, meclocycline and minocycline. Removal efficiencies of seven tetracycline antibiotic compounds showed 1%~61% by anthracite biofiltration process (EBCT: 5~30 min). The highest biodegradable tetracycline antibiotic compound was minocycline, and the worst biodegradable tetracycline antibiotic compounds were oxytetracycline and demeclocycline.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• 제18권E3호
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• pp.153-163
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• 2002

A laboratory- scale dual-column biofilter system was used to study the biofiltration of dimethyl disulfide (DMDS). The gas flow rate and DMDS concentration to the biofilter were varied to study their effect on the remov-al of dimethyl disulfide. Operating parameters such as pH, temperature, and water content were monitored during the biofilter operation and necessary precautions were taken to keep these parameters within the acceptable limits. It was observed that the removal efficiency of DMDS was optimal at neutral pH values. After five month op-eration, the neutralization of the filter beds with sodium carbonate became necessary for the optimum operation of the biofilters. The microbial population already present in the compost mixtures was found to be adequate in treat-ing DMDS. The compost mixtures were found to be similar in terms of biofiltration efficiency of DMDS. However, pressure drops observed in the first column compost mixture (compost/ peat mulch) was extremely high, making this compost economically not feasible. The second mixture (compost/bark) provided pressure drops within accept-able limits. A minimum residence time of 30 seconds at the optimal operating conditions appeared to be adequate for achieving high removal efficiencies (>90%).