• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 1992

Bioelectrical Impedance method for measuring human body composition is based upon the principle that the electrical conductivity of the fat-free mass (FFM) is far greater than that of the (at. Deter- mination o( impedance was nlade in 30 healthy and obese men aged $40.9{\pm}14.7$yr (mean${\pm}$SD) and 25 healthy and obese women aged $44.0{\pm}10.2$ yr. A commercial impedance body fat analyzer was used with a four electrode arrangement that introduced a painless constant current(ImA at 50 kHz) into the body. Linear relationships were found between impudence values and FFM(r=-0.786) and between weight and FFM(r=0.837). Signigicant increases in the correlation coefficients were ob served when the predicator Hta/z was regressed against FFM(r=0.912) where Ht Is height and Z Is impedance. A linear regression equation, FFM=0.586(Htf/z) +0.317(Weight) -1.674(r=0.977), was found. The correlation coefficient of % body fat between the impedance and infrared methods was 0.898. These data Indicate that the bioelectrical impedance technique is a reliable and valld approach for the estimation of human body composition. This method Is safe, noninvasivr, prouides rapld measure menu, requires little operator skill and subject cooperation, and Os portable. Finally measurement of percent body fat was made possible using both the regression equation and a developed impedance measuring device which measures impedance between wrist and ankle.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.11c
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• pp.331-333
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• 2004

In this study, we implement the multiple frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis system for body composition analysis. Overall system consists of : 1) conductivity electrodes to contact with hands and foots, 2) multiple frequency alternating current signal generator for generating 5, 50, 250kHz frequency and 800uA contained alternating current signal, 3) voltage signal detector, 4) phase signal detector, 5) key-pad to input individual information, 6) micro controller for data processing, 7) LCD for processed data to display, 8) system power, We explain the architecture of the system and required theory to implement the system. Finally, experimental results are illustrated to show the performance of the system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.514-520
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to provide the reference data for estimating body composition and developing equations for prediction of percent body fat. This study was designed of two aspects: Comparison of percent body fat measurements between two operators. comparison of percent body fat measurements among four instruments. Percent body fat of college girls(n=71) aged 18-24 was measured by skinfold thickness, near-infratred interactance(Futrex-5000), and bioelectrical impedance analysis (TBF-105, Spectrum II). All measurements were duplicated & measured by two operators. The results are summarized as follows: Percent body fat observed from two operators had no significant difference. There was significant difference from four instruments. However, we found close relation between Skinfold thickness & TBF-105, Spectrum II & Near-infrared interactance. Four instruments have several assumptions and limitations. Therefore, many researches for developing new equations are required for Korean people.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.07e
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• pp.34-37
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is the development of portable body fat meter. Bioelectrical impedance method for measuring human body composition is based upon the principle that the electrical conductivity of the fat mass is far greater than that of the fat. Finally measurement of percent body fat was made possible using a developed impedance measuring device which measure impedance between the thumb and ring finger.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2017

In this study, bioelectrical impedance analysis, which has been used to assess an alteration in intracellular fluid (ICF) of the body, was applied to detect intravenous infiltration. The experimental results are described as follows. Firstly, when infiltration occurred, the resistance gradually decreased with time and frequency i.e., the resistance decreased with increasing time, proportional to the amount of infiltrated intravenous (IV) solution. At each frequency, the resistance gradually decreased with time, indicating the IV solution (also blood) accumulated in the extracellular fluid (ECF) (including interstitial fluid). Secondly, the resistance ratio started to increase at infiltration, showing the highest value after 1.4 min of infiltration, and gradually decreased thereafter. Thirdly, the impedance ($Z_C$) of cell membrane decreased significantly (especially at 50 kHz) during infiltration and gradually decreased thereafter. Fourthly, Cole-Cole plot indicated that the positions of (R, $X_C$) shifted toward left owing to infiltration, reflecting the IV solution accumulated in the ECF. The resistance ($R_0$) at zero frequency decreased continuously over time, indicating that it is a vital impedance parameter capable of detecting early infiltration during IV infusion. Finally, the mechanism of the current flowing through the ECF, cell membrane, and ICF in the subcutaneous tissues was analyzed as a function of time before and after infiltration, using an equivalent circuit model of the human cell. In conclusion, it was confirmed that the infiltration could be detected early using these impedance parameters during the infusion of IV solution.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.349-353
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• 2020

Background: The dosage of the anesthetic drugs is generally determined by the total body weight of the patients. However, the drugs can be overdosed when the patient is morbidly obese. We have determined anesthetic induction dose based on lean body mass estimated from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Case: We report a case of morbidly obese patient (161 cm, 138 kg and body mass index 53.1) who had an elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The dose of induction agent was determined by lean body mass estimated by BIA, and the sedation was assessed by the observer's assessment alertness/sedation scale. Conclusions: Dose determination through lean body mass measured by BIA is useful in highly obese patients.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.160-167
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• 2017

Many stroke patients undergoing rehabilitation therapy require a quantitative indicator for the evaluation of body composition in paretic and non-paretic regions. In this study, the body fluid alteration in the paretic and non-paretic regions of stroke patients with hemiplegia caused by cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction was analyzed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Alterations in body fluids were investigated to assess the physical status of the paretic and non-paretic regions of 20 stroke patients with hemiplegia caused by cerebral hemorrhage (7 patients) and cerebral infarction (13 patients). Extracellular water (ECW), intracellular water (ICW), ICW/ECW, total body water (TBW), ECW/TBW, and TBW/fat-free mass were utilized to evaluate the functional status of the paretic and non-paretic regions. Compared with the non-paretic region, the paretic region had high ECW and low ICW. Due to the loss of motor function and nutritional imbalance caused by the stroke, the amount of fat increased while the muscle quantity and quality significantly decreased in the paretic region. Thus, BIA can be a useful tool for quantitatively assessing paretic and non-paretic regions in stroke patients with hemiplegia.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.113-123
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• 2008

Objectives: Obesity is chronic condition which can severely influence health. People with a high percentage of body fat (%BF) have high prevalence of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. Abdominal obesity (AO) seems to play a major role in the development of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and hyperlipidemia. This study investigated the %BF and AO of workers in the automobile manufacturing industry. Methods: The subjects were categorized by sex, age, job class, drinking history and smoking history. %BF and AO were measured by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (Jawon Medical, Seoul, Korea). We analyzed the relationship between age, sex, job class, drinking history, smoking history and %BF and WHR into frequencies, $X^2$-test using the SPSS Ver. 12.0. Results: Regarding the relationship between sex and %BF, AO, there was statistically significant difference as men had a significant higher level of %BF and AO than women. There was a positive correlation between age and both %BF and AO. Workers in their 40s especially ran level of AO up. In job class, office workers were apt to have a higherlevel of %BF and AO than production line workers. %BF and AO of the non-drinker group showed a lower level than the drinker group. On the other hand, the ex-smoker group had higher levels of %BF and AO than the non-smoker or current-smoker groups. Conclusions: The above results showed that men, the advanced in years, office workers, drinkers and ex-smokers had high levels of %BF and AO.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.299-311
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• 2004

Purpose: Somatotype drawing developed by Sorensen et al.(1983) has been evaluated as a simple instrument of obesity level without real somatic measuring as height and weight. This study was designed to validate somatotype drawings for obesity assessment by bioelectrical impedance body component analysis. Method: At first questionnaire of somatotype drawing was done. Subjects were measured body component by bioelectrical impedance analysis as weight, BMI(body mass index), WHR(waist-hip ratio), body water, protein mass, mineral mass, body fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, soft lean mass, fat free mass and percent body fat. We evaluated correlations between these data and somatotype drawings and tried to grouping of somatotype drawings with the means of major body component value. Result: The data were collected from 205 college women whose height and weight were $161.2\pm4.8,\;55\pm8.3$. Spearman's correlation coefficients of somatotype drawing were 0.74 with BMI, 0.68 with weight 0.69 with body fat mass, 0.65 with WHR. 0.64 with percent body fat after adiusted age. The grade of somatotype drawings were grouped as 1-2, 3-4, 5-6. 7-9 by BMI, body fat mass, weight, 1, 2-4, 5-6, 7-9 by WHR and 1-2, 3-4, 5-9 by percent body fat(ANOVA and Duncan's method). Conclusion: So quick instrument using somatotype drawings were useful tools for evaluation of obesity level and is applicable to screen degree of body fat in self-administered questionnaire survey.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.582-587
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• 2014

This study have researched on feasibility of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA, which is simple useful evaluation tool for predictive factor of cardiovascular disease) to patients who have to travel along the sea for a long-period time and have difficulty in visiting medical institutions. We studied on the basis of total cholesterol value, which is nowadays widely used tool for predictive factor of cardiovascular disease, and also studied its association with BIA value via statistical analysis. Our result showed correlation with fat thickness of individual sites, and especially, fat thickness of left thigh showed high relation with total cholesterol value. This result shows that people who are in travel of long-period of time at sea are feasible of using BIA to evaluate changes of left thigh fat thickness as predictive factor for cardiovascular disease. Due to lack of advanced researches further studies should be done. And based on special circumstances in sea, more studies should be done to validity concerning this circumstances and accuracy of this evaluation tool.