• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.10-27
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• 2020

Endophytes are defined as microorganisms that spend part of lifetime interior of plant tissues without causing negative effects. They have been used for agricultural purpose, biofuel production, bioremediation, medication, etc. In particular, endophytes have been emerged as a good source for bioactive secondary metabolites. A large number of secondary metabolites are currently being reported. In this report, we focus on the secondary metabolites that were originated from endophytic fungi inhabiting medicinal plants. They were classified into several groups such as nitrogenous compounds, steroids, sulfide-containing metabolites, terpenoids, polyketides, and miscellaneous for discussion of chemical structures and biological activities.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.118-131
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• 2020

Mushrooms are known for their various attributes in the fields of nutrition and therapeutics. With exceptional taste, aroma, and nutritional value, they are considered 'functional food'-improving health and providing nutritional benefits to the body. Mushrooms have also been widely applied therapeutically as they possess diverse bioactive compounds known as secondary metabolites. These secondary metabolites demonstrated diverse biological properties such as anticancer, anti-diabetic, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-allergic, and antioxidative activities. This review presents bioactive compounds from the field of mushroom metabolite research and discusses important findings regarding bioactive compounds identified during the last five years (2015 - 2019).

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2018년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
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• pp.49-49
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• 2018

A variety of bioactive secondary metabolites have been reported from plant-associated microorganisms. Halophytes, plants that can only grow in hypersaline area, were reported to host beneficial microorganisms such as plant growth-promoting endophytes. The microorganisms have been reported to show notable mutualistic symbiosis with halophytes to help them survive in high saline condition. Finding out bioactive secondary metabolites as well as elucidation of relationship(s) between microbes and the host halophyte has been paid attention, because of their functional diversity. Novel microbes often have associated with novel natural products. In an effort to investigate natural compounds with interesting structures from fungi, we selected plants from a distinct environmental setting which could be a promising source. Several fungi were isolated from halophyte or medicinal plants. Some strains of the fungi were cultivated on a large scale and extracted with ethyl acetate, which were subjected to a series of chromatographic methods, leading to the isolation of tens of compounds. The isolated compounds were identified by analysis of spectroscopic methods such as 1D-, 2D-NMR, and MS. Details of isolation, structure determination, and biological activities will be discussed.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1039-1052
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• 2017

Endophytic fungi have currently been acknowledged as the most promising source of bioactive compounds for drug discovery, and considerable progress has been made in exploring their diversity, species richness, and bioprospecting. Fungal endophytes from unique environmental settings offer a pool of potentially useful medicinal entities. Owing to the constant stresses imposed on macroalgae by marine environments, it is believed that algae and their associated endophytic symbionts represent a good source of structurally diverse bioactive secondary metabolites. Despite the proven significance of active metabolites of algal endophytes, little have been exploited. This review highlights the latest discoveries in algicolous endophytic research, with particular focus on the bioactive metabolites from algal endophytes. Compounds are classified according to their reported biological activities, like anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant properties. Present experimental evidence suggests that a majority of the bioactive metabolites were reported from Phaeophyceae followed by Rhodophyceae and Chlorophyceae. An intensive search for newer and more effective bioactive metabolites has generated a treasure trove of publications, and this review partially covers the literature published up to 2016.

• 생약학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-48
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• 1990

Marine organisms have proven to be rich sources of interesting organic molecules. A great number of compounds with diverse structural features and interesting biological activities have been isolated. Recent studies on secondary metabolites of marine organisms are discussed with a focus on a variety of biological activities and marine natural product literatures are also reviewed.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.416-419
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• 2013

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2022

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious threat to the global healthcare system. Ineffective and resistance to antibiotic treatments have increased morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. New and effective antibiotics are needed to combat against bacterial resistance. Endophytic fungi are crucial reservoirs of novel bioactive metabolites. In particular, the secondary metabolites show promising therapeutic potential, notably, antibacterial. This review discussed the emerging potential of endophytic fungi as anti-MRSA agents. The ecological sources of endophytic fungi were discussed with the synthesis of bioactive metabolites. The mode of antibacterial actions was elucidated to give a better understanding of the mechanisms involved. This review may serve as an important reference for future discovery and developments of anti-MRSA agents from endophytic fungi.

• 생약학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.217-221
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• 2016

Endophytic fungi have yielded a variety of secondary metabolites so far. In the course of the project to find bioactive secondary metabolites from cultures of endophytic fungi, an isolate of Arthrinium phaeospermum (JS 0567) was selected for chemical investigation. A large scale culture of this strain in rice media was extracted with an organic solvent and the extract was subjected to a serious of chromatography, which led to six metabolites. Their chemical structures were elucidated as 2,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-1-methylxanthone(1), 2,3,4,6,8-pentahydroxy-1-methylxanthone(2), 3,4,6,8-tetrahydroxy-1-methylxanthone(3), 3,6,8-trihydroxy-1-methylxanthone(4), 2,4,2',4',6'-pentahydroxy-6-methylbenzophenone(5), and 5,7-di hydroxy-3-methylphthalide(6) on the basis of spectroscopic data. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the secondary metabolites from Arthrinium phaeospermum.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.69-86
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• 2023

The bioactive secondary metabolites produced by sea cucumbers are very diverse with differences in composition, linkages, molecular weight, and various functional properties. Due to their physicochemical properties, these bioactive molecules in sea cucumbers have found applications in various market segments such as functional foods and cosmetics. Sea cucumber side dishes are a prominent food item in traditional cuisine in East Asian countries such as South Korea, China, and Japan. In addition, many studies have reported that the consumption of sea cucumbers can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, the pathogenesis of cancer cells, chronic inflammatory diseases, etc. In particular, many studies have recently reported the potential of sea cucumbers to develop functional products to reduce inflammation, oxidative stress, diabetes, and cancer. Additionally, these bioactive properties associated with sea cucumbers make them ideal compounds for use as functional ingredients in functional food products. However, no report has yet reviewed the properties of sea cucumbers related to functional foods. Therefore, in this review, the primary focus is given to collecting published scientific data (from 2019 to 2023) on the bioactive properties of sea cucumbers relevant to the functional food industry.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.667-686
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• 2019

Streptomyces are attractive microbial cell factories that have industrial capability to produce a wide array of bioactive secondary metabolites. However, the genetic potential of the Streptomyces species has not been fully utilized because most of their secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (SM-BGCs) are silent under laboratory culture conditions. In an effort to activate SM-BGCs encoded in Streptomyces genomes, synthetic biology has emerged as a robust strategy to understand, design, and engineer the biosynthetic capability of Streptomyces secondary metabolites. In this regard, diverse synthetic biology tools have been developed for Streptomyces species with technical advances in DNA synthesis, sequencing, and editing. Here, we review recent progress in the development of synthetic biology tools for the production of novel secondary metabolites in Streptomyces, including genomic elements and genome engineering tools for Streptomyces, the heterologous gene expression strategy of designed biosynthetic gene clusters in the Streptomyces chassis strain, and future directions to expand diversity of novel secondary metabolites.