• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.179-188
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: Reclamation of heavy metal-contaminated agricultural fields has intensively been done to ensure the soil quality and food security. This study evaluated the efficiency and longevity of current physical and chemical approaches for heavy metal-contaminated soils. METHODS AND RESULTS: Concentrations of 0.1 N HCl-leachable trace metals of Cd, Pb, and As from the stabilizing agents-treated soils decreased by 50%, 70%, and 40%, respectively, compared to the control. Among the stabilizing agents, the $CaCO_3$ was the best for stabilization. For physical stabilization, the soil dressing reduced the concentrations of Cd, Pb, and As by 88%, 94%,and 88%, respectively, compared to the control. Moreover, the dilution of the contaminated soils decreased the metals by an average of 25.3% when compared with the control. The longevity of each stabilization method was determined by using the availability assessment of heavy metals in the soils. Results showed that the leaching methods using HCl and $NH_4NO_3$ had 120 and 32 weeks longevity, respectively. Interestingly, any stabilization efficacy was not found over the time for Cd and Pb (i.e., cation metals), whereas the stabilization efficacy of As was sharply decreased under 50% after 32 weeks. However, the change of metal concentration was not significant with the physical stabilization compared to the chemical stabilization. CONCLUSION: The stabilization methods should carefully be selected based on long-term monitoring under climate conditions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.63-74
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• 2019

As the awareness of food security has increased, the Korean government has established national projects, such as Saemangeum proclaimed land, to secure sources of grain. Saemangeum is a large-scale agricultural area that was constructed to maintain preparedness for unstable food markets. This study aims to develop a $6^{th}$ Industrialization Model (SIM) for Saemangeum Grain Complex by applying feasible strategies to wheat and two-rowed barley which have low self-sufficiency rates. In addition, this study estimates the potential economic value of each development strategy associated with a sixth industrialization model to create higher added values from production, processing and tourism experiences. The strategic plan for primary, secondary, and tertiary industries is to combine cultivating and processing wheat and two-rowed barley for sales and linking them to tourism experience. This study shows value added from the combination of the primary, secondary and tertiary industry of wheat and two-rowed barley are 7.5 and 23.0 times more than those of the primary and tertiary industry combination, respectively. Through branding Saemangeum Grain Complex's products, such as Saemanguem bread and craft beer, would further enhance the economic benefits derived from the complex.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.321-330
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• 2019

With the rapid development trend in multidisciplinary science and convergence technology, digital data storages have been necessary in order to accumulate a huge amount of information with high security. The possibility that biological DNA code system can offer encoding and decoding information has been illustrated by many researchers. In this review, we summarized current issue of info-convergence nanohybrid system, so-called infohybrid. DNA-inorganic nanohybrid materials and devices to achieve DNA-based molecular information system are presented. The possible applications focusing on tracking-and-traceability management, authenticity verification, and nano-forensics are also reviewed with four steps of encoding, encrypting, decrypting and decoding. We also highlighted the potential of smart code system with Nano-Bio-Info-Cogno (NBIC) convergence technology through the recently published case study of Avatar DNA nanohybrid system with smart phone.

• BMB Reports
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• v.54 no.10
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• pp.497-504
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• 2021

EGR1 (early growth response 1) is dysregulated in many cancers and exhibits both tumor suppressor and promoter activities, making it an appealing target for cancer therapy. Here, we used a systematic multi-omics analysis to review the expression of EGR1 and its role in regulating clinical outcomes in breast cancer (BC). EGR1 expression, its promoter methylation, and protein expression pattern were assessed using various publicly available tools. COSMIC-based somatic mutations and cBioPortal-based copy number alterations were analyzed, and the prognostic roles of EGR1 in BC were determined using Prognoscan and Kaplan-Meier Plotter. We also used bc-GenEx-Miner to investigate the EGR1 co-expression profile. EGR1 was more often downregulated in BC tissues than in normal breast tissue, and its knockdown was positively correlated with poor survival. Low EGR1 expression levels were also associated with increased risk of ER+, PR+, and HER2- BCs. High positive correlations were observed among EGR1, DUSP1, FOS, FOSB, CYR61, and JUN mRNA expression in BC tissue. This systematic review suggested that EGR1 expression may serve as a prognostic marker for BC patients and that clinicopathological parameters influence its prognostic utility. In addition to EGR1, DUSP1, FOS, FOSB, CYR61, and JUN can jointly be considered prognostic indicators for BC.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.1298-1304
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• 2019

Since the 9·11 terror attack in 2001, the Maritime Logistics Security System has been strengthened and required X-ray image for every imported cargos from manufacturing countries to United States. For scanning cargos, the container inspection systems use high energy X-rays for examination of contents of a container to check the nuclear, explosive, dangerous and illegal materials. Nowadays, the X-ray cargo scanners are established and used by global technologies for inspection of suspected cargos in the customs agency but these technologies have not been localized and developed sufficiently. In this paper, we propose the X-ray array detector system which is a core component of the container scanning system. For implementation of X-ray array detector, the analog and digital signal processing units are fabricated with integrated hardware, FPGA logics and GUI software for real-time X-ray images. The implemented system is superior in terms of resolution and power consumption compared to the existing products currently used in ports.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.1310-1338
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• 2023

As Internet of Things (IoT) applications and devices rapidly grow, cyber-attacks on IoT networks/systems also have an increasing trend, thus increasing the threat to security and privacy. Botnet is one of the threats that dominate the attacks as it can easily compromise devices attached to an IoT networks/systems. The compromised devices will behave like the normal ones, thus it is difficult to recognize them. Several intelligent approaches have been introduced to improve the detection accuracy of this type of cyber-attack, including deep learning and machine learning techniques. Moreover, dimensionality reduction methods are implemented during the preprocessing stage. This research work proposes deep Autoencoder dimensionality reduction method combined with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) classifier as botnet detection system for IoT networks/systems. Experiments were carried out using 3- layer, 4-layer and 5-layer pre-processing data from the MedBIoT dataset. Experimental results show that using a 5-layer Autoencoder has better results, with details of accuracy value of 99.72%, Precision of 99.82%, Sensitivity of 99.82%, Specificity of 99.31%, and F1-score value of 99.82%. On the other hand, the 5-layer Autoencoder model succeeded in reducing the dataset size from 152 MB to 12.6 MB (equivalent to a reduction of 91.2%). Besides that, experiments on the N_BaIoT dataset also have a very high level of accuracy, up to 99.99%.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.1017-1028
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• 2024

Lignocellulolytic enzymes play a crucial role in efficiently converting lignocellulose into valuable platform molecules in various industries. However, they are limited by their production yields, costs, and stability. Consequently, their production by producers adapted to local environments and the choice of low-cost raw materials can address these limitations. Due to the large amounts of olive stones (OS) generated in Morocco which are still undervalued, Penicillium crustosum, Fusarium nygamai, Trichoderma capillare, and Aspergillus calidoustus, are cultivated under different fermentation techniques using this by-product as a local lignocellulosic substrate. Based on a multilevel factorial design, their potential to produce lignocellulolytic enzymes during 15 days of dark incubation was evaluated. The results revealed that P. crustosum expressed a maximum total cellulase activity of 10.9 IU/ml under sequential fermentation (SF) and 3.6 IU/ml of β-glucosidase activity under submerged fermentation (SmF). F. nygamai recorded the best laccase activity of 9 IU/ml under solid-state fermentation (SSF). Unlike T. capillare, SF was the inducive culture for the former activity with 7.6 IU/ml. A. calidoustus produced, respectively, 1,009 ㎍/ml of proteins and 11.5 IU/ml of endoglucanase activity as the best results achieved. Optimum cellulase production took place after the 5th day under SF, while ligninases occurred between the 9th and the 11th days under SSF. This study reports for the first time the lignocellulolytic activities of F. nygamai and A. calidoustus. Furthermore, it underlines the potential of the four fungi as biomass decomposers for environmentally-friendly applications, emphasizing the efficiency of OS as an inducing substrate for enzyme production.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.491-497
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• 2024

Over the past five years, the proportion of patients with arrhythmia heart disease among teenagers and those in their 20s has been increasing. Heart disease has consistently remained the second leading cause of death in Korea and as the number has increased, electrocardiogram testing for arrhythmia has become important. However, specialized electrocardiogram medical devices are economically burdensome and are difficult to store individually in hospitals due to their large size and difficulty in operation. Testing is conducted through visits. Therefore, it is essential to enable individuals to perform ECG self-examinations using an Arduino-based ECG sensor that is affordable and easy to use in daily life, so that arrhythmia can be identified through individual ECG measurement. In this study, data is measured using an electrocardiogram sensor (AD8232), and changes in bio signals are visually provided through real-time monitoring, allowing users to make intuitive decisions and at the same time understand test results. To safeguard sensitive personal information, we have developed a web service that provides individual heart disease and customized health guides that can protect personal information through web vulnerability security using session and user authentication and SSL.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2015

Recently, the environment of a hospital information system is a trend to combine various SMART technologies. Accordingly, various smart devices, such as a smart phone, Tablet PC is utilized in the medical information system. Also, these environments consist of various applications executing on heterogeneous sensors, devices, systems and networks. In these hospital information system environment, applying a security service by traditional access control method cause a problems. Most of the existing security system uses the access control list structure. It is only permitted access defined by an access control matrix such as client name, service object method name. The major problem with the static approach cannot quickly adapt to changed situations. Hence, we needs to new security mechanisms which provides more flexible and can be easily adapted to various environments with very different security requirements. In addition, for addressing the changing of service medical treatment of the patient, the researching is needed. In this paper, we suggest a dynamic approach to medical information systems in smart mobile environments. We focus on how to access medical information systems according to dynamic access control methods based on the existence of the hospital's information system environments. The physical environments consist of a mobile x-ray imaging devices, dedicated mobile/general smart devices, PACS, EMR server and authorization server. The software environment was developed based on the .Net Framework for synchronization and monitoring services based on mobile X-ray imaging equipment Windows7 OS. And dedicated a smart device application, we implemented a dynamic access services through JSP and Java SDK is based on the Android OS. PACS and mobile X-ray image devices in hospital, medical information between the dedicated smart devices are based on the DICOM medical image standard information. In addition, EMR information is based on H7. In order to providing dynamic access control service, we classify the context of the patients according to conditions of bio-information such as oxygen saturation, heart rate, BP and body temperature etc. It shows event trace diagrams which divided into two parts like general situation, emergency situation. And, we designed the dynamic approach of the medical care information by authentication method. The authentication Information are contained ID/PWD, the roles, position and working hours, emergency certification codes for emergency patients. General situations of dynamic access control method may have access to medical information by the value of the authentication information. In the case of an emergency, was to have access to medical information by an emergency code, without the authentication information. And, we constructed the medical information integration database scheme that is consist medical information, patient, medical staff and medical image information according to medical information standards.y Finally, we show the usefulness of the dynamic access application service based on the smart devices for execution results of the proposed system according to patient contexts such as general and emergency situation. Especially, the proposed systems are providing effective medical information services with smart devices in emergency situation by dynamic access control methods. As results, we expect the proposed systems to be useful for u-hospital information systems and services.

• Bioinformatics and Biosystems
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.99-102
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• 2006

The Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) is one of the most established software in bioinformatics research and it compares a query sequence against the libraries of known sequences in order to investigate sequence similarity. Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) are single-pass sequence reads from mRNA (or cDNA) and represent the expression for a given cDNA library and the snapshot of genes expressed in a given tissue and/or at a given developmental stage. Therefore, ESTs can be very valuable information for functional genomics and bioinformatics researches. Although major bio database (DB) websites including NCBI are providing BLAST services and EST data, local DB and search system is demanding for better performance and security issue. Here we present animal EST DBs and local BLAST search system. The animal ESTs DB in NCBI Genbank were divided by animal species using the Perl script we developed. and we also built the new extended DB search systems fur the new data (Local Animal BLAST Search System: http://bioinfo.kohost.net), which was constructed on the high-capacity PC Cluster system fur the best performance. The new local DB contains 650,046 sequences for Bos taurus(cattle), 368,120 sequences for Sus scrofa (pig), 693,005 sequences for Gallus gallus (fowl), respectively.