• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2014

This study was compared the variation system of body posture condition for stability by the posture. We used a model of bio parameter on the basis of the move state in the standing posture. We compared the sway movement derived from average of the physical sensing condition. Vision condition of variation average (Vi-${\sigma}_{AVG-AVG}$) was verified slightly greater at $13.746{\pm}4.05$ unit. Vestibular condition of variation average (Ve-${\sigma}_{AVG-AVG}$) was verified slightly larger at $7.829{\pm}1.071$ unit. Somatosensory condition of variation average (So-${\sigma}_{AVG-AVG}$) was verified slightly smaller at $2.592{\pm}0.538$ unit. CNS condition of variation average (C-${\sigma}_{AVG-AVG}$) was verified slightly larger at $0.46{\pm}0.105$ unit. The valuation system will be to deduce the model of body management with falling and stroke and all that sort of things. There will be to infer a data algorithm and the evaluation of processing system.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2004년도 International Conference Global Environmental Problems and their Health Consequences
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• pp.139-141
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• 2004

Emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one of the popular issues of air pollution in Korea, especially in Ulsan city, where much chemical plants are located. It is necessary to detect the VOCs precisely in order to control the air pollution during the plant operation. In general, to examine the concentration of VOCs, gas chromatography (GC) is used. However, most plant operators are using the easy operating handy VOCs detector, which is imported, because GC is difficult to treat and the installation price is high although it is very useful equipment. Therefore, the development of the VOCs detector becomes one of the urgent issues. In this study, sensing characteristics of selected VOCs for the development of VOCs detector was investigated. Semiconductor sensor and several VOCs such as aliphatic, aromatic, and non-homogeneous hydrocarbons were used for the experiment. Through the various experiments, sensor used in the experiment has shown high linearity and sensitivity for most VOCs in the range of 1 -500 ppm concentration.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.1975-1979
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• 2011

The modification of a gas diffusion layer (GDL), a vital component in polymer electrolyte fuel cells, is described here for use in the electrochemical detection of antibody-antigen biosensors. Compared to other substrates (gold foil and graphite), mouse anti-rHBsAg monoclonal antibody immobilized on gold-coated GDL (G-GDL) detected analytes of goat anti-mouse IgG antibody-ALP using a relatively low potential (-0.0021 V vs. Ag/AgCl 3 M NaCl), indicating that undesired by-reactions during electrochemical sensing should be avoided with G-GDL. The dependency of the signal against the concentration of analytes was observed, demonstrating the possibility of quantitative electrochemical biosensors based on G-GDL substrates. When a sandwich method was employed, target antigens of rHBsAg with a concentration as low as 500 ng/mL were clearly measured. The detection limit of rHBsAg was significantly improved to 10 ng/mL when higher concentrations of the 4-aminophenylphosphate monosodium salt (APP) acting on substrates were used for generating a redox-active product. Additionally, it was shown that a BSA blocking layer was essential in improving the detection limit in the G-GDL biosensor.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.93-105
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• 2011

This paper presents a flexible low-profile antenna sensor for fatigue crack detection and monitoring. The sensor was inspired by the sense of pain in bio-systems as a protection mechanism. Because the antenna sensor does not need wiring for power supply or data transmission, it is an ideal candidate as sensing elements for the implementation of engineering sensor skins with a dense sensor distribution. Based on the principle of microstrip patch antenna, the antenna sensor is essentially an electromagnetic cavity that radiates at certain resonant frequencies. By implementing a metallic structure as the ground plane of the antenna sensor, crack development in the metallic structure due to fatigue loading can be detected from the resonant frequency shift of the antenna sensor. A monostatic microwave radar system was developed to interrogate the antenna sensor remotely. Fabrication and characterization of the antenna sensor for crack monitoring as well as the implementation of the remote interrogation system are presented.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.53-67
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• 2011

Human state in human-machine systems highly affects the overall system performance, and should be detected and monitored. Physiological cues are essential indicators of human state and useful for the purpose of monitoring. The study presented in this paper was focused on developing a bio-inspired sensing system, i.e., Nano-Skin, to non-intrusively measure physiological cues on human-machine contact surfaces to detect human state. The paper is presented in three parts. The first part is to analyze the relationship between human state and physiological cues, and to introduce the conceptual design of Nano-Skin. Generally, heart rate, skin conductance, skin temperature, operating force, blood alcohol concentration, sweat rate, and electromyography are closely related with human state. They can be measured through human-machine contact surfaces using Nano-Skin. The second part is to discuss the technologies for skin temperature measurement. The third part is to introduce the design and manufacture of the Nano-Skin for skin temperature measurement. Experiments were performed to verify the performance of the Nano-Skin in temperature measurement. Overall, the study concludes that Nano-Skin is a promising product for measuring physiological cues on human-machine contact surfaces to detect human state.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.95-100
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• 2006

Measurements of ocean color from space since 1970s provided vital information with reference to physical and biogeochemical properties of the oceanic waters. The utility of these data has been explored in order to map and monitor highly toxic/or harmful algal blooms (HABs) that affected most of coastal waters throughout the world due to accelerated eutrophication from human activities and certain oceanic processes. However, the global atmospheric correction and bio-optical algorithms developed for oceanic waters were found to yield false information about the HABs in coastal waters. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential use of red tide index (RI) method, which has been developed by Ahn and Shanmugam (2005), for mapping of HABs in Korean and neighboring waters. Here we employed the SSMM to remove the atmospheric effect in the SeaWiFS image data and the achieved indices by RI method were found more appropriate in correctly identifying potential areas of the encountered HABs in Korean South Sea (KSS) and Chinese coastal waters during 1999-2004. But the existence of high absorbing and scattering materials greatly interfered with the standard OC4 algorithm which falsely identified red tides in these waters. In comparison with other methods, the RI approach for the early detection of HABs can provide state managers with accurate identification of the extent and location of these blooms as a management tool.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume I
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• pp.446-449
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• 2006

It is backscattering of solar radiation by water body that makes ocean color observable from above, either by airplanes or satellites. Given the very low direct contribution to backscattering by phytoplankton cells, it is curious why the retrieval of phytoplankton concentration from remotely observed ocean color is evidently successful. From semianalytical bio-optical models, a dataset is created of spectral absorption, scattering and backscattering coefficients as a function of chlorophyll concentration. Four scenarios are considered, 1) only molecular and no particle scattering, 2) random particle backscattering uncorrelated with chlorophyll concentration, 3) constrained random particle scattering with known backscattering ratio, and 4) constrained random scattering with random backscattering ratio. Scenario 1 only introduces moderate errors of -20% - 90%. And for scenarios 3 and 4, the errors are largely within 30% and 100%. Scenario 2 introduces the largest errors, with the retrieved chlorophyll concentration virtually uncorrelated with the true values, implying the backscattering must somehow be related to the trophic state. The results of the study suggested These 3 cases confirmed that while it is the absorption by phytoplankton that in large part decides the accuracy of chlorophyll concentration retrieval, for the success of monitoring of global ocean primary productivity we have to improve our knowledge on particle backscattering.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

Recent experimental observations support the hypothesis that mechanical stimuli play a role in regulating the specialized molecular expression of articular cartilage in vitro and in vivo. Other studies have demonstrated that the continuous passive motion(CPM)bioreactor for whole joints can provide a platform for possible future in vitro studies and applications, including possible interactions of bio-mechanical and biochemical signals. In this study, we have developed acustom-made bioreactor capable of bending and stretching with circular type motion, and a biomimetic knee joint model, using a 3D printer. This system could be used to investigate the effects of rehabilitative joint motion of dynamic culture.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.42-45
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• 2015

The ability to take electrocardiographic measurements while performing our daily activities has become the people-choice for modern age vital sign sensing. Currently, wet and dry ECG electrodes are known to pose threats like inflammations, allergic reactions, and metal poisoning due to their direct skin interaction. Therefore, the main goal in this work is to implement a very small ECG sensor system with a capacitive coupling, which is able to detect electrical signals of heart at a distance without the conductive gel. The aim of this paper is to design, implement, and characterize the contactless ECG electrodes. Under a careful consideration of factors that affect a capacitive electrode functional integrity, several different sizes of ECG electrodes were designed and tested with a pilot ECG device. A very small cotton-insulated copper tape electrode ($2.324cm^2$) was finally attained that could detect and measure bioelectric signal at about 500 um of distance from the subject's chest.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.315.1-315.1
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• 2014

The use of cellulose papers has recently attracted much attention in various device applications owing to their natural advantageous properties of earth's abundance, bio-friendly, large-scale production, and flexibility. Conventional metal oxides with novel structures of nanorods, nanospindles, nanowires and nanobelts are being developed for emerging electronic and chemical sensing applications. In this work, both ZnO (n-type) nanorod arrays (NRAs) and CuO (p-type) nanospindles (NSs) were synthesized on cellulose papers and the p-n junction property was investigated using the electrode of indium tin oxide coated polyethylene terephthalate film. To synthesize ZnO and CuO nanostructures on cellulose paper, a simple and facile hydrothermal method was utilized. First, the CuO NSs were synthesized on cellulose paper by a simple soaking process, yielding the well adhered CuO NSs on cellulose paper. After that, the ZnO NRAs were grown on CuO NSs/cellulose paper via a facile hydrothermal route. The as-grown ZnO/CuO NSs on cellulose paper exhibited good crystalline and optical properties. The fabricated p-n junction device showed the I-V characteristics with a rectifying behaviour.