• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.1731-1739
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• 2012

In this study, seven strains isolated from mustard leaf kimchi were screened for their tolerance to simulated gastric and bile juices, the adhesive properties to Caco-2 cells, and the inhibition ability of Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 29631 adhesion. Lactobacillus acidophilus GK20, Lactobacillus paracasei GK74, and Lactobacillus plantarum GK81, which were resistant to bile as well as gastric juices, possessed high bile-salt hydrolase (BSH) activity towards both sodium glycocholate and sodium taurocholate. The strongest in vitro adherence of $53.96{\pm}4.49%$ was exhibited by L. plantarum GK81 followed by L. acidophilus GK20 with adhesion levels of $40.72{\pm}9.46%$. The adhesion of these strains was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced after exposure to pepsin and heating for 30 min at $80^{\circ}C$. Addition of $Ca^{2+}$ led to a significant (p < 0.05) increase of the adhesion of L. acidophilus GK20, but the adhesion ability of L. plantarum GK81 was not different from the control by the addition of calcium. In the competition and exclusion experiment, the adhesion inhibition of S. Typhimurium by L. plantarum GK81 strain was much higher than the other strains. Moreover, the exclusion inhibition of S. Typhimurium by L. acidophilus GK20 was considerably high, although the inhibition activity of this strain was lower than L. plantarum GK81.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.119-123
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• 2009

In vitro acid- and bile-tolerant lactic acid bacteria isolated and identified from Indonesian traditional fermented milk dadih might be considered as potential probiotic strains after further characterization with animal models, especially for their therapeutic properties. Five dadih lactic bacteria isolates each had moderate survival rate for 2 h at pH 2.0, as well as bile tolerance. The aim of this research was to identify candidate probiotic lactic bacteria among indigenous dadih lactic isolates originated from Bukit Tinggi, West Sumatra, especially their in vivo antimutagenic property. Milk cultured with Enterococcus faecium IS-27526 significantly lowered fecal mutagenicity of rats as compared to the control group, skim milk, and milk cultured with L. plantarum IS-20506. These results suggest that Enterococcus faecium IS-27526 may serve as a potential probiotic strain with its antimutagenicity.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.1003-1009
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• 1999

For the isolation of probiotics which may be used for the human beings and animals, we have screened the microorganisms from chicken intestines which have acid and bile tolerance and the growth inhibition of pathogenic E. coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Among them, a strain which was identified as Lactobacillus salivarius had around 66% of survival after 2h incubation in the artificial gastric juice and 9% of survival after 24h incubation in the presence of 0.3% bile salts, and showed complete inhibition against both path ogenic E. coli and Salmonella typhimurium after 24 h coincubation. Its storage stability after lyophilization could be improved by adding polyvinylpyrrolidone.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.1490-1499
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• 2016

In this study, 69 lactobacilli isolated from Tibetan Qula, a raw yak milk cheese, were screened for their potential use as probiotics. The isolates were tested in terms of: Their ability to survive at pH 2.0, pH 3.0, and in the presence of 0.3% bile salts; tolerance of simulated gastric and intestinal juices; antimicrobial activity; sensitivity against 11 specific antibiotics; and their cell surface hydrophobicity. The results show that out of the 69 strains, 29 strains (42%) had survival rates above 90% after 2 h of incubation at pH values of 2.0 or 3.0. Of these 29 strains, 21 strains showed a tolerance for 0.3% bile salt. Incubation of these 21 isolates in simulated gastrointestinal fluid for 3 h revealed survival rates above 90%; the survival rate for 20 of these isolates remained above 90% after 4 h of incubation in simulated intestinal fluid. The viable counts of bacteria after incubation in simulated gastric fluid for 3 h and simulated intestinal fluid for 4 h were both significantly different compared with the counts at 0 h (p<0.001). Further screening performed on the above 20 isolates indicated that all 20 lactobacilli strains exhibited inhibitory activity against Micrococcus luteus ATCC 4698, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115, and Salmonella enterica ATCC 43971. Moreover, all of the strains were resistant to vancomycin and streptomycin. Of the 20 strains, three were resistant to all 11 elected antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, tetracycline, penicillin G, ampicillin, streptomycin, polymyxin B, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, rifampicin, and gentamicin) in this study, and five were sensitive to more than half of the antibiotics. Additionally, the cell surface hydrophobicity of seven of the 20 lactobacilli strains was above 70%, including strains Lactobacillus casei 1,133 (92%), Lactobacillus plantarum 1086-1 (82%), Lactobacillus casei 1089 (81%), Lactobacillus casei 1138 (79%), Lactobacillus buchneri 1059 (78%), Lactobacillus plantarum 1141 (75%), and Lactobacillus plantarum 1197 (71%). Together, these results suggest that these seven strains are good probiotic candidates, and that tolerance against bile acid, simulated gastric and intestinal juices, antimicrobial activity, antibiotic resistance, and cell surface hydrophobicity could be adopted for preliminary screening of potentially probiotic lactobacilli.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.76-83
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• 2005

Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from pig feces for probiotics. The six isolated strains were identified as Lactobacillus paracasei (Lp), Lactobacillus fermentum (Lf), Lactobacillus brevis (Lb), Lactobacillus plantarum (P1 , P2), and Pediococcus pentosaceus (P3) by its sugar utilization, morphological and physiological characteristics. Pl was showed largest antibacterial inhibition zone among the isolated strains. It was against Salmonella gallinarum 25mm, E. coli 20.5mm, Staphylococcus aures 24mm, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 28mm by inhibitory zone, respectively. Lf was showed hyper acid tolerance, $80\%$ survival rate for 40 minutes, and P1, Lb showed hyper bile tolerance, $408\%,\;283\%$ survival rate for 9 hrs, respectively. Therefore the Lf, P1, and P2 strains were expected to probiotics.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.581-586
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• 2004

The growth characteristics and the properties of the Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) isolated from intestine of slaughting pig were examined in order to confirm whether it will be used practically as probiotics or not. E. faecium was identified by morphological and biochemical tests including of final confirming by API strep kit. Among 264 samples, 44 isolates (16.7%) of E. faecium were observed as an exellent growth as a range of $1{\times}10^7CFU/ml{\sim}3.3{\times}10^9CFU/ml$ in viable bacterial count on MRI medium. All isolates were shown non-haemolysis on the blood agar exception of 28 isolates shown ${\alpha}$-haemolysis and were identified as E. faecium by biochemical test using API strep enzyme kits. Eight strains (18.2%) were finally selected from which they were excellent sensitivity in showing of the acid-tolerance and the bile-tolerance in compare with reference strain.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.389-395
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• 1999

Bifidobcterium spp. can provide human being with several beneficial physiological. Therefor, there has been a considerable interest in products Bifidobcterium spp. dietary supplements or as starter cultures for probiotic products that may assint in the improvement of health on the human. But indusrial applications have been limited because Bifidobcterium spp. are sensitive to acidic pH due to organic acid produced by themselves and various conditions. The objective of this study was to establish new method for improvement of Bifidobcterium viability by entrapment im calcium alginate beads. We have a plan to select the most suitable polymer through the comparison with acid tolerance oxygen tolerance and theological properties of polymer. Increase of the viable number of Bifidobcterium induced increasing acid tolerance and oxygen tolernce trough the development of entrapment technique. The 4%, 3030mm diameter) sodium alginate beads led to the best survivability under acid condition. Especially, addition of 6% mannitol, 6% glycerol or 6% sorbitol to the sodium alginate helped a beneficial effect on viability against acid, bile salt, hydrogen peroxide and cold strage. The number of viability of entrapeede cells by retreatment was 96 fold higher than non-entrapeed cells after 5 hours of storage under pH 3 acidic condition. These experimental data clearly demonstrate that a whole cell immobilization by entrapment in calcium alginate beads is an important survival mechanism enable to withstand environmental stresses as the acidic condition, hydrogen peroxide toxicity and frozen state.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.1495-1500
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• 2008

In an attempt to develop a probiotic formulation for poultry feed, a number of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from chicken intestinal specimens and a series of in vitro experiments were performed to evaluate their efficacy as a potential probiotic candidate. A total of 650 LAB strains were isolated and screened for their antagonistic potential against each other. Among all the isolates only three isolates (TMU121, 094 and 457) demonstrated a wide spectrum of inhibition and were thus selected for detailed investigations. All three selected isolates were able to inhibit the growth of E. coli and Salmonella species, although to variable extent. The nature of the inhibitory substance produced by the isolates TMU121 and 094 appeared to be associated with bacteriocin, as their activity was completely lost after treatment with proteolytic enzymes, while pH neutralization and catalase enzyme had no effect on the residual activity. In contrast, isolate TMU457 was able to resist the effect of proteolytic enzymes while pH neutralization completely destroyed its activity. Attempts were made to study the acid, bile tolerance and cell surface hydrophobicity of these isolates. TMU121 showed high bile salt tolerance (0.3%) and high cell surface hydrophobicity compared to the other two strains studied, while TMU094 appeared the most pH resistant strain. Based on these results, the three selected LAB isolates were considered as potential ingredients for a chicken probiotic feed formulation and were identified to species level based on their carbohydrate fermentation pattern by using API 50CH test kits. The three strains were identified as Lactobacillus fermentum TMU121, Lactobacillus rhamnosus TMU094, and Pediococcus pentosaceous TMU457.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.339-349
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to identify lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from kimchi and to evaluate its characteristics and functional properties for application in fermented dairy products as a probiotic or commercial starter culture. Eight stains isolated from kimchi were selected through an investigation of phenotypic characteristics. Two strains (DK211 and DK303) were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum, another two (DK207 and DK215) as Lactobacillus paracasei, and one (DK301) as Lactobacillus sakei. The remaining three strains were identified as species of Weissella. All selected Lactobacillus strains had acid and bile tolerance, even though there was wide variation in the ability of each strain. DK303 showed a remarkably higher proteolytic activity. There were no significant differences in β-galactosidase activity among the tested strains, except that DK301 showed no activity. Auto-aggregation varied between 82.1 and 90.0%, and hydrophobicity values ranged from 0.5 to 51.6%.The strongest auto-aggregation and hydrophobicity were observed in DK211. All selected strains showed better 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrzyl (DPPH) scavenging activity than commercial strains. DK211, DK215, DK301, and DK303 had effective inhibitory activity against all pathogens tested except E. coli. When selected strains were used for yogurt preparation as a single starter culture, the time required to reach target titratable acidity (0.9) was 11-12 h. The yogurt fermented with DK211 had favorable panelists ratings for most sensory attributes, which were comparable with yogurt fermented with a commercial strain. The results suggest that strains isolated from kimchi could be potential probiotic and starter cultures for use in yogurt manufacturing.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.1244-1247
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• 2003

발효 및 유산균 제품에 모유만을 먹은 생후 3개월된 유아의 분변으로부터 bromocresol pule을 함유한 MRS 배지에서 노란색의 집락을 형성하는 균주들을 내산성 및 담즙산 내성이 우수한 13종의 Lactobacillus 균주들을 분리하였으며 당발효성 및 생화학적 실험을 토대로 분리된 유산균들을 동정하였다. 최종적으로 선발한 균주를 L. acidophilus로 KY1909로 명명하였다. Lactic acid 생성 능력을 평가한 후 이성질체를 분석한 결과 상업적으로 이용되는 L. acidophilus NCFM, L. acidophilus CH5, L. acidophilus NOCKS 균주들은 전체 lactic acid 중에서 L(+) form이 차지하는 비율이 각각 52.49, 40.63 및 63.13%로 나타났으나, L. acidophilus KY1909는 L(+) lactic acid의 비율이 93.96%로 나타났다.