• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.89-98
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• 1988

율무쌀이 흰쥐의 혈장과 조직의 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 이지질 및 총담즙산 수준에 미치는 영향을 알아보자 흰쥐에 1%의 콜레스테롤을 첨가시킨 실험식이를 자유급식하여 사양한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 식이섭취량, 식이효율, 증체량은 각 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 2)형장콜레스테롤 함량은 라이드 급여시 현저히 높았으며 라이드-ㅠ율무쌀을 급여시에는 가장 낮았다. 혈장의 중성지방 역시 라이드 급여시 높았다. 혈장의 인지질 역시 라아드 급여서 현저히 높았고 대두유군이 가장 낮았다. 혈장의 총담즙산 함량은 각군간에 차이가 없었으며 혈장 담즙산은 glycoursodeoxy cholicacid, tauroursodeoxy choilic acid와 cholic acid이었다. 3) 간의 단위무게당 총지질, 콜레스테롤, 중성지방역시 라이드- 율무쌀 급여시 현저히 낮았다. 4) 소장의 단위무게당 총지질, 콜레스테롤, 중성지방 함량도 역시 라이드-율무쌀을 급여시 낮았다. 5)실험식의 소화율을 모든식이 처리간에 차이가 없었으나 콜레스테롤 보유율은 라이드-전분군이 가장 높았고 대두유-율무쌀군이 가장 낮았다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.53-77
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• 1993

In this study, an attempt was made to investigate the probable organelles participating in the secretion of biligrafin. The animals (ICR male mice, 25-30gm) were divided into normal control and 6 biligrafin injected groups to which 30% biligrafin (0.006ml/gm b.w.) were injected at 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 min prior to the sampling. The mice of each group were perfused through the heart with ice-cold 2.5% glutaraldehyde buffered with 0.1M Na-cacodylate (pH. 7.4) under the Na-pentobarbital (Nembtal 0.0015mg/gm b.w.) anesthesia and liver tissues were taken from each group. Some specimens were immersed 1 hr in the same solution used in the perfusion. After an overnight rinse in 0.1M Na-cacodylate buffer containing 10% DMSO and 7.6% sucrose, $75{\mu}m$ fronzen sections were made for cytochemical study. The sections were incubated in thiamin pyrophosphatase (TPPase) and inosine diphosphatase (ID Pase) media for 70 min at $37^{\circ}C$ respectively and acid phosphatase (AcPase) medium for 40 min at $37^{\circ}C$. They were postfixed in 1 % $OsO_4$ for 1 hr. The other specimens were immersed for 8 hrs in the fixative consisting of 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 3.0% paraformaldehyde buffered with Na-cacodylate (pH. 7.4). All of the osmificated specimens were processed for electron microscopy. In both normal and biligrafin injected groups, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), vacuoles, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes were seen in the vicinity of bile canaliculus. In the biligrafin injected groups, however, the Golgi apparatus appeared to be decreased and ER and vacuoles were dilated and increased. The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) having a few attached ribosomes appeared to be the round saccule, especially at 20 min after biligrafin injection. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) seemed to be formed by the detachment of ribosomes at the cisternal end of RER. The cistern of SER showed saccules which probably budded off to form the vacuole. The vacuoles were devoid of visible centents. This finding seemed to be in agreement with the biochemical property of the bile constituents. The fusion between the vacuoles and bile canaliculus were frequently seen in the groups injected with biligrafin. The lysosome did not show any changes in the biligrafin injected groups. Accumulation of some material and lipid droplets were seen at the 40 and 80 min after biligrafin injection, especially at the latter. At 160 and 320 min after biligrafin injections, however, they were decreased successively while the RER stack, free ribosomes and polysomes were increased. Although the reactive products of TPPase and IDPase were observed in the ER saccules and vesicles of the normal control and biligrafin injected groups, the fusion between the bile canaliculus and saccules or vesicles could easily be seen in the latter. The AcPase activity, however, was observed in the cistern at the maturing face of Golgi apparatus and lysosomes in both normal and biligrafin groups. The results suggest that the biligrafin is excreted via the vesicles, vacuoles or sacoules probably derived from the SER without the participation of Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, and the excess amount of material is stored as inclusions during the repairing of the organelles being overactive.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.571-575
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• 1993

대두 펩타이드의 표면소수도가 혈청 콜레스테롤의 농도에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여, 대두 단백질(ISP), 카세인(CNP), 이들 단백질을 펩신으로 가수분해하여 pH에 따른 펩타이드 침전 획분들(SHT, SH8, SH6, SH4, CHT, CH6, CH5, CH4)을 흰쥐에 섭취시키고 혈청 콜레스테롤 농도 및 분변 스테로이드이 배설량을 측정하였다. 그리고 각 펩타이드의 표면소수도를 ANS 형광법 및 SDS 결합법으로 측정하여, 이들의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 펩타이드의 ANS 표면소수도가 높아질수록 분변으로 배설된 스테로이드량은 증가하였으며(r=0.81), 혈청 콜레스테롤 농도는 낮아졌다.(r=-0.868). 그러나 SDS 표면소수도는 그들과 상관관계가 없었다. 또한 대두 단백질은 가수분해에 의하여 ANS 표면소수도가 증가하였다. 이상의 결과는 흰쥐의 담즙염이, 소화중 생성된 높은 표면소수도의 펩타이드와 결합하여 체외로 배출되므로서 대두단백질의 섭취에 의한 혈청 콜레스테롤 농도가 낮아짐을 시사하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.127-140
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• 1994

The effect of milk in low and high cholesterol diet was invesigated on serum cholesterol metabolism and lipid contents of serum, aorta, liver of rats. Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into low(0.01% w/w) and high(1.01% w/w) cholesterol-diets groups. Low cholesterol groups subdivided into four groups ; control group was given water and three milk groups were given low heat milk(LM), ultra-high heat milk(HM), and powder milk(PM), respectivily, instead of water. High cholesterol groups were consisted of three groups ; control, LM, and HM groups. After feeding these experimental diets for six weeks, lipid levels were measured in serum and tissure and dried feces were analyzed for neutral and acidic sterols. Results obtained from this study are as follows : 1) Nutrient intakes, body weight gains and aorta weights did not differ among groups, but liver weights were higher in high cholesterol fed rats than low cholesterol fed rats. 2) Serum protein contents were increased independently by intakes of high cholesterol and milk. 3) Serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were increased but phospholipid levels and HDL-cholesterol/total-cholesterol ratios were decreased by high cholesterol in diet. And milk supplementation decreased serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels but increased phospholipid levels and HDL-cholesterol/total-cholesterol ratios. 4) Contents of cholesterol and triglyceride in aorta and liver were elevated by dietary high cholesterol and lowered by consumption of all three types of milk. 5) Levels of cholesterol and triglyceride among serum, aorta and liver were highly correlated (r=0.7-0.9, p<0.001). 6) Fecal excretion of total sterols was three times high in high cholesterol group, compared with low cholesterol groups and were increased about 20% by milk consumption. 7) The effects of milk were more pronouncely shown in low cholesterol groups and mostly confined to LM and HM groups, rarely shown in PM group. It is concluded from the present study that milk had the hypolipidemic as well as hypocholes terolemic effect, which appears to be mediated through increased fecal bile acid excretion. But the effect is likely to be shaded by excess consumption of dietary cholesterol and was almost absent in powder milk.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.308-313
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• 1997

흰쥐에 cholesterol(0.5%) 및 A. keiskei(5%)를 급여 한 후 혈장 및 간장 지질대사 및 분변 중의 neutral steroids 및 담즙산 배설에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. 혈장 cholesterol 농도는 식이중 cholesterol 첨가에 의해 현저히 증가되었으며, A. keiskei 급여시 유의적으로 감소하였다. 식이중 cholesterol 첨가는 혈장 HDL-cholesterol 함량을 유의적으로 감소시키는 반면 LDL-cholesterol을 크게 증가시켜 동맥경화지수를 높였다. A. keiskei 급여는 혈장 LDL-cholesterol의 유의적으로 감소시켰으며, 동맥경화지수도 cholesterol을 급여하지 않은 군에서 0.21, cholesterol 급여 군에서 0.52를 보여 A. keiskei를 급여하지 않은 각각의 대조군에 비하여 유의적 감소를 보여 A. keiskei가 혈장지질 개선효과를 보였다. A. keiskei 급여는 또한 cholesterol 급여와 관계없이 혈장 triglyceride 함량을 유의적으로 감소시키는 결과를 보였으나, 혈장 인지질 함량에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. A. keiskei 급여는 간조직의 total cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester 및 phospholipid 함량에는 영향을 미치지 않았으나, triglyceride 함량은 식이중 cholesterol 첨가와 관계없이 유의적으로 감소시켰다. A. keiskei는 cholestanol, 총 neutral steroid 및 담즙산의 배설을 증가시켰다. 이와 같은 결과로 보아 A. keiskei에 의한 혈장 cholesterol의 감소는 cholesterol 흡수의 감소 및 cholesterol을 cholestanol으로의 전환과 담즙산으로의 배설이 증가됨에 일부 기인하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.958-962
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• 1996

해조류인 참도박으로 부터 고지혈증 개선효과를 관찰하기 위하여 고지혈증을 유발시킨 흰쥐에 메탄올 추출물을 투여하고 혈액 및 간조직에서의 지방 함량을 측정하였다. 그 결과 참도박의 메탄올 추출물의 투여는 지방조직의 무게는 정상군에는 미치지 않으나 대조군에 비해 다소 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 고지방식이로 인위적으로 고지혈증을 유발시켰을때 정상군보다 total cholesterol, LDL-cholestero의 함량이 증가되던 것이 추출물의 투여로 total cholesterol의 함량이 현저히 감소되었으나 LDL-cholesterolt의 함량은 별다른 영향이 없었다. 또한 이들의 고지방식이군 보다 total lipid, triglyceride의 함량도 감소시켰다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.890-895
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• 2008

The antioxidant activity of resveratrol in cholesterol-fed rats, along with its hypolipidemic effects was determined. Thirty two male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups (Control, Res30 and Res70) and fed a hyperlipidemic diet for 4 weeks. Resveratrol was suspended in 0.3% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) solution and given to rats of the Res30 and Res70 groups once a day for 4 weeks by oral intubation at a dose of 30 and 70 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The control group received 0.3% CMC solution alone. Resveratrol significantly lowered serum lipid, hepatic cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels compared to the control. Excretion of bile acids was significantly enhanced by resveratrol. The overall potential of the antioxidant system was significantly enhanced by the resveratrol as plasma and hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels were lowered while serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) activities were increased in the cholesterol-fed rats. These findings suggest that resveratrol maintains an antioxidant efficacy as well as its anti-hyperlipidemic effect.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2014

The work is directed toward the synthesis of a series of DO3A conjugates of tranexamates (1c-e) and their Gd complexes (2c-e) for use as a liver-specific MRI CA. All these complexes show thermodynamic and kinetic stabilities comparable to those of structurally related clinical agents such as Dotarem$^{(R)}$. Their $R_1$ relaxivities also compare well with those of commercial agent, ranging 3.68-4.84 $mM^{-1}s^{-1}$. In vivo MR images of mice with 2a-e reveal that only 2a exhibits liver-specificity. Although 2b and 2c show strong enhancement in liver, yet no bile-excretion is observed to be termed as a liver-specific agent. The rest behaves much like ordinary ECF CAs like Dotarem$^{(R)}$. The new series possess no toxicity to be employed in vivo.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.173-184
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• 1994

The general and some pharmacological actions of DWP 305 were investigated in animals and the following results were obtained. In central nervous system, DWP 305 had no effects on the pentobarbital induced anaesthesia, locomotor activity, rotarod test, traction test, analgesic action in mice and body temperature in rat. DWP 305 showed no depressive action on convulsion induced by strychnine, electronic shock and pentylenetetrazole. From these results, DWP 305 was considered to have no pharmacological effect on the central nervous system. Furthermore, DWP 305 had no influences on the normal blood pressure and heart rate. In the isolated ileum of guinea pig, DWP 305 inhibited contractive effects against the acetylcholine (10$^{-6}$ g/mι), histamine (10$^{-6}$ g/mι), 5-hydroxytryptamine (10$^{-6}$ g/mι) and BaCl$_2$(10$^{-4}$ g/mι) at a concentration of 2.15$\times$10$^{-4}$ g/ml in bath. In the isolated trachea and vats deference, DWP 305 showed no effect on the contractions produced by histamine and norepinephrine, respectively. DWP 305 showed inhibitory effect on the contractions produced by acetylcholine and oxytocin at a concentration of 2.15$\times$10$^{-4}$ g/ml on the isolated nonpregnant rat uterus. DWP 305 had no effect on the isolated right atrium of guinea pig, bile excretion, urine volume, pH, gastrointestinal motility, gastric secretion and blood aggregation.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권10호
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• pp.1258-1263
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 고콜레스테롤 흰쥐에 무청파우더를 공급함으로써 분변을 통한 지질배설과 장기능 개선에 미치는 효과와 그 작용기전을 규명하고자 간조직의 UDP-glucuronyl transferase 활성변화와 분변중의 지질 및 sterol류의 조성을 관찰하였다. 실험동물은 체중 100 g내외의 Sprague-Dawley 종 수컷 흰쥐를 이용하였으며, 정상군과 고콜레스테롤 식이 실험군으로 나눈 후 정상군은 다시 무청파우더를 공급하지 않은 군(N group), 무청파우더를 공급한 군(NR group)으로 나누고 고콜레스테롤 식이 실험군은 무청파우더를 공급하지 않은 군(HC group)과 무청파우더를 각각 2.5%(HRL group), 5%(HRM group), 10%(HRH group)씩 공급한 군으로 나누었다. 식이와 식수는 자유섭식 시켰으며, 4주 간 사육한 후 희생시켰다. 분변량은 무청공급군들에서 무청의 공급량이 증가할수록 많은 배변량을 보였다. 수분함량 역시 HC군에 비해 무청공급군들에서 많은 함량을 보였다. 분변중의 총지질, 총콜레스테롤 및 TG 함량은 HC군에 비해 무청공급 군들에서 현저하게 증가되었다. 분변중의 bile acid 함량은 HC군에 비해 HRM 및 HRH군에서 2.3배 및 2.7배씩 각각 증가되었다. 분변중의 중성 스테롤류인 cholesterol, coprostanol, coprostanone 함량은 HC군에 비해 다소 높은 경향이었다. 간 microsome의 UDPGT의 활성은 HC군에 비해 HRH군에서 38% 유의적으로 증가되어 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 통해 무청은 고콜레스테롤 식이 흰쥐에서 간조직의 UDPGT 활성의 증가로 담즙산의 흡수를 지연시킴으로써 고콜레스테롤 섭취 시 분변중으로 총지질, 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 중성스테롤 및 산성스테롤인 담즙산의 배설을 증가시키는 작용을 나타내었고, 따라서 장 기능 및 지질대사 개선을 위한 우수 물질임을 알 수 있었다.