• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2023

PURPOSE: This study assessed the influence of bilateral coordination exercises on unstable support surfaces on leg muscle activation and balance in stroke patients. METHODS: Two groups were recruited for comparison: an experimental group of 10 individuals who performed bilateral coordination exercises on unstable surfaces and a control group of 10 individuals who performed the same exercises on stable surfaces. All participants were assigned randomly. Pre-tests were conducted to measure the leg muscle activation and balance levels of the participants prior to the experiment. The intervention was comprised of three 30-minute weekly sessions for four weeks, followed by a post-test after the four-week period. RESULTS: Significant differences were identified within the experimental group in relation to all muscles (p < .01) and balance (p < .05). Within the control group, significant differences were identified in relation to the rectus femoris muscle, biceps femoris muscle, and balance (p < .05). Significant differences between the two groups were only observed in relation to the tibialis anterior and soleus muscles (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Only the tibialis anterior and soleus muscles showed significant differences between the two groups. This effectiveness may be attributed to using an ankle strategy to maintain body balance during exercise on unstable surfaces.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2011년도 하계학술대회
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• pp.303-304
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• 2011

영역기반 스테레오 매칭의 분야에서 최근 인간의 시각체계(Human Visual System)에 기반하여 영역내의 밝기값과 거리값에 따라 적응적으로 가중치를 부여하는 적응적 영역 가중치(Adaptive Support-Weight) 방법이 좋은 매칭 결과를 보이고 있다. 하지만 이 방법은 영역 윈도우의 크기가 커짐에 따라 기하급수적으로 계산량이 많아지는 단점을 보이고 있다. 이에 Bilateral filter 수식으로 근사화 후 Integral Histogram 기법을 적용하여 영역 윈도우의 크기에 상관없이 상수 시간 O(1) 내에 매칭을 수행하는 연구가 진행되었다. 하지만 이 방법은 근사화 과정에서의 원 ASW 수식을 왜곡하기 때문에 매칭 정확도의 손실을 가져오게 된다. 이에 본 논문에서는 Bilateral 접근 방식, Sub-Block 방식 및 적응적 시차 탐색 방식에 대하여 각 방식에서 필요한 메모리 자원과 소모되는 계산량의 비용과 동시에 매칭 결과 정확도 면에서 비교하고 가장 좋은 접근 방식을 도출하고자 한다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.226-233
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• 2020

Background: We aimed to compare interlaminar epidural steroid injections (ILESI) and bilateral transforaminal epidural steroid injections (TFESI) on pain intensity, functional status, depression, walking distance, and the neuropathic component in patients with lumbar central spinal stenosis (LCSS). Methods: The patients were divided into either the ILESI or the bilateral TFESI groups. Prime outcome measures include the numerical rating scale (NRS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), Beck depression inventory (BDI), and pain-free walking distance. The douleur neuropathique en 4 questions score was used as a secondary outcome measure. Results: A total of 72 patients were finally included. NRS, ODI, and BDI scores showed a significant decline in both groups in all follow-ups. Third-month NRS scores were significantly lower in the ILESI group (P = 0.047). The percentages of decrease in the ODI and BDI scores between the baseline and the third week and third month were significantly higher in the ILESI group (P = 0.017, P = 0.001 and P = 0.048, P = 0.030, respectively). Pain-free walking distance percentages from the baseline to the third week and third month were significantly higher in the ILESI group (P = 0.036, P < 0.001). The proportion of patients with neuropathic pain in the bilateral TFESI group significantly decreased in the third week compared to the baseline (P = 0.020). Conclusions: Both ILESI and TFESI are reliable treatment options for LCSS. ILESI might be preferred because of easier application and more effectiveness. However, TFESI might be a better option in patients with more prominent neuropathic pain.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.78-85
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• 2024

Objective: This Study aimed to examine the changes in muscle activity of trunk muscles by performing three squat exercises on normal adults. Design: cross-sectional study Methods: Thirty-two adult subjects participated in this study. General squat, overhead squat, and overhead squat combined with abdominal stabilization were randomly performed for 5 seconds, 3 times, to calculate the average muscle activation. Muscle activation was normalized using electrodes on the rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, and erector spinae muscles to measure maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) for 5 seconds, repeated 3 times each. Results: There was a significant difference in the mean and maximal muscle activity of the bilateral erector spinae (ES) when comparing the squat to the overhead squat (p<0.05). There was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the mean and maximal muscle activity of the bilateral external oblique (EO) when comparing the overhead squat to the overhead squat combined with the abdominal stabilization technique. When comparing the squat to the overhead squat with abdominal stabilization, there was a significant difference in the mean and maximum muscle activity of the bilateral RA, EO, and left Internal oblique (IO) (p<0.05), and there was a significant difference in the maximum muscle activity of the bilateral erector spinae (ES) (p<0.05). Post hoc tests showed significant differences between squatting methods for the RA, EO, IO, and ES (p<0.017). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that squats combined with abdominal stabilization were more effective at activating core muscles than squats or overhead squats alone.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2022

본 연구는 조기 양측 인공와우이식 아동과 건청 아동 간 파열음의 조음위치와 발성유형에 대한 성대진동 시작시간(voice onset time, VOT)의 차이를 살펴봄으로써, 조기 양측 인공와우이식을 통한 청각적 보상과 피드백이 청각장애 아동의 말 운동통제 능력에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 대상자는 만 5세부터 10세 사이의 양측 인공와우이식 아동 15명과 건청 아동 15명을 선정하였다. 검사 과제는 조음위치 및 발성 유형을 고려한 9개 파열음의 VCV음절을 사용하였다. VOT 측정을 위해 Praat 프로그램을 사용하였으며, 정확한 측정을 위해 녹음된 음성, 스펙트로그램, 포먼트 정보를 함께 사용하였다. 삼원혼합분산분석 결과, 집단에 대한 주 효과는 유의하지 않았다. 조음위치에 대한 주 효과는 유의하였으며, 연구개음의 VOT값이 양순음과 치조음보다 유의하게 길었다. 발성유형에 대한 주 효과도 유의하였으며, VOT값은 격음, 평음, 경음 순으로 유의하게 길었다. 이러한 결과는 조기 양측 인공와우이식을 통한 양이 청취가 고도 이상의 난청 아동의 말 운동 통제 능력에 긍정적인 영향을 준다는 것을 시사한다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.1371-1378
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• 2017

본 논문은 양방향 가중치를 이용하는 기존의 업샘플링 방법들에서 나타난 색상 텍스쳐 복사(color texture copy) 문제를 방지하기 위해 선택적 양방향 가중치와 라플라시안 함수를 이용한 색상 가중치를 제안한다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 먼저 3차 회선 보간법(bicubic interpolation)을 통해 높은 해상도의 깊이영상을 생성한다. 그 후 색상영상과 깊이영상의 주변 화소값 차이를 이용하여 색상 텍스쳐 영역을 추정한다. 만일 보간 된 화소가 색상 텍스쳐 영역에 속한다면 해당화소를 포함하는 $3{\times}3$ 영역의 화소들에 대한 거리정보와 깊이정보의 가중치를 구하고 경계 화소값 결정을 위한 비용계산을 수행한다. 반면에 색상 텍스쳐 영역에 포함되지 않는 화소는 깊이정보 가중치 대신 색상정보 가중치를 구하여 비용계산을 수행한다. 아홉 개의 화소에 대한 비용계산이 끝나면 가장 작은 경계 화소값 결정 비용을 가지는 화소 값을 결과영상의 화소값으로 정한다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 PSNR 및 주관적 화질 비교에서 우수한 성능을 보였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2017

x선 영상은 각종 의료 검진 분야와 보안검사에 널리 이용되고 있다. 하지만 대부분의 x선 영상은 잡음을 포함하고 있으며 이러한 잡음은 x선 영상분석에 방해가 되기 때문에 x선 영상의 잡음을 제거할 필요가 있다. 본 논문은 화소값 가중치와 화소 거리 가중치를 이용하여 x선 영상의 잡음을 제거하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 먼저 양방향 필터를 이용하여 x선 영상의 노이즈를 1차적으로 제거하고 원본 x선 영상의 경계 영역을 추정한다. 그 후 현재 화소가 경계 영역에 속한다면 해당화소를 포함하는 $3{\times}3$ 영역의 화소들에 대한 원본화소와 노이즈제거 화소를 이용하여 가중치를 구하고 경계 화소값 결정을 위한 비용계산을 수행한다. 그 후 가장 작은 경계 화소값 결정 비용을 가지는 화소 값을 결과영상의 화소값으로 정한다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 PSNR 및 주관적 화질 비교에서 우수한 성능을 보였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.4921-4926
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• 2015

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer type among women with increasing incidence rates, improved prognosis and survival. According to the localization of the tumor, breast cancer is designated as unilateral (UBC) or bilateral (BBC). BBC can be classified as synchronous (SBBC) or metachronous (MBBC) based on the time interval between the diagnosis of the first and the secondary tumors. According to the guideline of WHO 2012, BBC is generally defined as SBBC when contralateral breast carcinoma is diagnosed within 3 months. The aim of this study was to compare the characteristics and patterns of metastasis of BBC patients with UBC. Materials and Methods: A cohort of 768 patients with breast cancer treated at the Turkish Ministry of Health-Izmir Bozyaka Research and Training Hospital between 1976 and 2012 were studied. Survival analysis was performed comparing UBC and BBC patients. In addition, evaluations were performed in patients with SBBC and MBBC sub-groups. We used a 3-months interval to distinguish metachronous from synchronous. Results: When clinical and histopathological parameters were statistically evaluated, ER status, event-free and overall survival were found to be significant between UBC and BBC patients. In comparison of SBBC and MBBC patients, age, histological type of tumor, event-free and overall survival were found to be significant. Conclusions: BBC cases were found to show worse prognosis than UBC cases. Among BBC, SBBC had the worst prognosis based on overall survival rates.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.80-86
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to compare the muscle activity of the abdominal and lumbar multifidus during unilateral prone hip extension on the floor and on a round foam roll. Fifteen healthy participants were recruited. They were instructed to perform a unilateral hip extension on the floor and on a round foam roll in the prone position. Surface electromyography (EMG) signals were recorded from bilateral lumbar multifidus (LM), external oblique (EO), and internal oblique (IO) muscles. A paired t-test was used to compare muscle activity, with the level of significance set at ${\alpha}$=.05. The results showed that bilateral LM, EO, IO EMG activity during right-hip extension on a round foam roll was greater than that on the floor, and EMG activity of bilateral LM, right EO, and left IO during left-hip extension on a round foam roll was greater than that on the floor (p<.05). These findings suggest that the unilateral hip-extension exercise on a round foam roll can be used to activate the lumbar multifidus and abdominal oblique muscles and causes a different increasing pattern between the two lifting sides.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2002

Background and objectives : There may be frequent lymphatic neck metastasis among supraglottic cancer patients after their primary surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic neck dissections in supraglottic cancer patients to lower the neck metastasis. Material and method : The authors retrospectively reviewed medical records of 52 patients (7 females. 45 males) who had received the operations for the supraglottic cancer from 1995 to 2000. They were preoperatively examined with Computer Tomographic images, and also examined by the cervical neck palpations. Postoperative pathologic specimens were reviewed and the Pathologic stagings were confirmed by the pathologist. Results : Among 52 patients who received surgery for supraglottic carcinoma, 5 patients received ipsilateral neck dissection, 12 patients received ipsilateral neck dissection with postoperative radiation therapy, 10 Patients received bilateral neck dissection and 25 patients received bilateral neck dissection with postoperative radiation treatment. In comparison of the data of N0 to N+ conversion rate of neck, there were 11 ipsilateral T3 N0 patients and 2 patients(18%) were converted to N+ status, and there were 8 Patients with T4 N0 stages, and 3 patients(38%) were converted to N+ status. In comparing the data of contralateral neck dissection on N0 patient, there were 8 patients of T3 N0 patients, and there was 1 patient (13%) who showed recurrence. There were 5 patients of T4 N0 stages and there was 1(20%) patient with recurrences. When the ipsilateral N stages were N2a, and N2b, there 1 case of contraleral N+ conversions, respectively. In recurrences, there were 2 patients of N2b staged patients and 1 patient of N2c patient that showed recurrence during the follow up period. Conclusion : This data shows that at least an ipsilateral neck dissection is necessary in order to prevent the recurrences, and also suggests that bilateral neck dissection is necessary for the higher T stage. Since the higher N staged patients showed higher rate of recurrence, so that neck dissection is mandatory for the higher N staged patients.