• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.1 s.47
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• pp.7-14
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• 2006

Melting slag generated from the lots of municipal incineration ash, which causes the one of big urban problems in modern industrial society, was used as starting material for the hydrothermal synthesis of zeolite. P-type zeolite has been successfully synthesized by the combined process of both 'hydrogelation' and 'clay conversion' method. Commercial sodium silicate was used as Si source, and $NaAlO_2$ was prepared by the reaction in a $Na_{2}O/Al_{2}O_{3}$ molar ratio of 1.2. The optimum conditions for zeolite synthesis was found to be the $SiO_{2}/Al_{2}O_{3}$ ratio in the 3.2 and 4.2 range, the $H_{2}O/Na_{2}O$ ratio in the 70.7 and 80.0 range, and more than 15-hour reaction time at $80^{\circ}C$, In the synthesized zeolite, inhomogeneous melting slag particles were disappeared and homogeneous P-type zeolite crystal was grown. The cation exchange capacity of the synthesized zeolite was determined to be approx. 240 cmol/kg.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.982-996
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• 2010

This study classified the body shapes of Korean obese women and investigated the differences of each body shape, using 2004 Size Korea data. For selecting the obesity sample, 7 obesity judgment indices were chosen through previous clothing-related studies. A total of 636 females defined as "obese" by 5 out of 7 indices were selected as subjects and 54 body measurements and obesity judgment indices were used in this study. Firstly, mean, standard deviation, minimum, and maximum values of each measurement and item were obtained from the descriptive analysis of 53 measurements. According to the descriptive analysis, all measurements and obesity judgment indices of the subjects demonstrated a serious obesity level shown by BMI 27.11, R$\ddot{o}$hrer index 1.76, Vervaeck index 104.77, Relative weight 133.00, WHR 0.90, and waist circumference 86.71cm. In addition, the measurements and indices showed considerable differences between minimum and maximum values. Significant differences were identified in all measurements and items at a significant level, p=.001. Each distribution of body types according to age, stature, bust, and waist circumference groups was provided in this study. Secondly, factor analyses were conducted using 38 measurement items to extract the body characteristics of obese women. Factor 1 was "circumference measurements & obesity judgment indices," Factor 2 was "heights & arm-related lengths," and Factor 3 was "size and ratio of waist circumference & hip circumference." Factor 4 was "lengths in upper body," Factor 5 was "back width in upper body," Factor 6 was "side neck point to bust & bust circumference," Factor 7 was "length in lower body & arm circumferences" and Factor 8 was "neck base circumference & front width in upper body." These 8 factors explained 76.54% of the total variance. Finally, 5 body types were selected in the cluster analysis. Type 1 (with big back widths & arm circumferences) was 15.5% of the entire subjects, Type 2 (the shortest and fattest, with big upper body) was 18.8%, Type 3 (with big breast) was 27.8%, Type 4 (the tallest and longest in arm lengths, with the smallest arm circumferences and lengths in torso) was 22.5%, and Type 5 (with big hips compared to waist circumferences, smaller height and upper body) was 15.5%. Fundamental differences were identified in all measurements and items at the significant level of p=.001. In addition, each distribution of body type according to age, height, bust, and waist circumference groups was provided in this study.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.321-327
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• 2018

Blast furnace slag has been actively used as a substitute for cement in the construction field with high value-added through resource recycling research. However, most of the slag cannot find a clear recycling purpose. This is because some slags contain unstable materials and are used for road-use asphalt and embankment, which are low value-added materials. Electric arc furnace reduction slag(ERS) has been reported to contain a large amount of unstable free CaO due to deoxidation and component adjustment. In this study, free CaO of ERS which is generated in Korean steelmakers is quantitatively evaluated by using ethylene glycol method. As a result of free CaO quantitative evaluation of ERS, it was confirmed that there is a big difference according to the location of each field. In addition, ERS generally existed in powder form as undifferentiated characteristics, but it was confirmed that free CaO content was different due to hydration product in aggregate form due to water treatment. In addition, free CaO is an amorphous material and its crystallization characteristics are different due to the influence of temperature when it is cooled. ERS requires a long-term aging period as it contains a lot of free CaO.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.203-215
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• 2018

This study suggests a method to construct large scale dynamic O/D reflecting the characteristic that the passengers' travel patterns change according to the land use patterns of the destination. There are limitations in the existing research about dynamic O/D estimation method, such as the difficulty of collecting data, which can be applied only to a small area, or limiting to a specific transportation network such as highway networks or public transportation networks. In this paper, we propose a method to estimate dynamic O/D without limitation of analysis area based on transportation resources that can be easily collected and used according to the big data era. Clustering analysis was used to calculate the departure time trip distribution ratio based on arrival time and departure time trip distribution function was estimated by each cluster. As a result of the comparison test with the survey data, the estimated distribution function was statistically significant.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.523-529
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• 2016

Stereo matching algorithm is an essential part in computer vision and photography. Accuracy and computational complexity are challenges of stereo matching algorithm. Much research has been devoted to stereo matching based on cost volume filtering of matching costs. Local stereo matching based guided image filtering (GIF) has a computational complexity of O(N), but is still not enough to provide real-time 3-dimensional (3-D) video services. The proposed algorithm concentrates reduction of computational complexity using the concept of fast guided image filter, which increase the speed up to $O(N/\small{s}^2)$ with a sub-sampling ratio $\small{s}$. Experimental results indicated that the proposed algorithm achieves effective local stereo matching as well as a fast execution time for 3-D video service.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2002

A useful receptor for the sensing of ${CIO_4}^-$ species with remarkable selectivity has been developed. The hypersensitive interaction between a host and a guest has been investigated for the complex $[Pd(Me_4en)(Py_2S){\cdot}2ClO_4]_4$ ($Me_4en$ = N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine; $Py_2S$ = 4,4'-dipyridyl sulfide). The pyridyl moiety of $Py_2S$ exhibits two sets of $^1H$ resonances that are delicately dependent upon temperature, concentration, and media. The nonrigidity has been explained in terms of an electrostatic equilibrium between the tetrameric host and the ${CIO_4}^-$ guest. The equilibrium is a useful method for the detection of ${CIO_4}^-$ anion with remarkable selectivity via "a restricted guest within a big host" in aqueous solution.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.395-406
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• 2007

Races in programs with OpenMP directives must be detected for debugging, because they may cause unexpected result by non-deterministic executions. But, Thread Checker of Intel corporation, a well-known existing tool for detecting the races, is not practical because this tool does not verify the existence of races and is known that the cost for race detection is too big. This paper presents a web-based tool which verify the existence of races with an optimal functionality and performance using the results from the property analysis of OpenMP program as well as the user requirements. Our tool is proved to be practical in the aspect of functionality and performance by experiments using synthetic programs, because the suggested tool can verify the existence of race and shows O(n) as the ratio of time consumption while Thread Checker can not verify the existence of race and shows $O(n^2)$ as the ratio, where n is the number of total accesses.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.5 no.19
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• pp.3-16
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• 1972

1. Purposes and importances of the study. In gaining heating resources by combustion of briquette, which is the necessaries of every day's life, victims occur from poisonous affection of combustion gas (carbon mono-oxide) in every year and this gas attributable to increase death rate proportion to the high demand of briquette usage. It arise great problem ill point of national sanitation. Therefore, the study has a big aim to accomplish depressing CO gas or stimulating comlete combustion by both the methods of physical improvement of present combustion devices and chemical improvement by using V$_2$O$\sub$5/ catalyst to depress CO gas or fasten complete combustion Progress. Sucessful result of this study will not only to decrease the death rate but also to contribute fearless handling of briquette combustion so as to perform improving public Welfare. 2. Contents and scope of study. A. comparison of present and improved fuel hole device. B. Examination of effectness of improved elements. C. Effectness of miffed usage of catalyst. D. Comparison of Catalyst effectness. E. Examination of effectness of black slate containing V$_2$O$\sub$5/. 3. Results and recommendations of the study A. Absolute necessity of supplying secondary air by improved combustion device. B. Oxide Vanadium (V$_2$O$\sub$5/) has the greatest effectness to eliminate CO gas. C. Most effective catalyst of V$_2$O$\sub$5/ containing slate comes from "Samgoe" coal mine. D. By plastering catalyst on the cover plate of fire hole, it stimulate chemical reaction of re-combustion and preserving heat. E. Recommend to continute further precise study to practice with low-cost and handy devices to be applied the study results.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.297-302
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• 2013

Pleurotus eryngii is one of the main export items in Korean mushroom industry. Whole mushrooms were packed with 30 um polypropylene anti-fog film without trimming. The range of package weight and oxygen permeability of film were 400 g and 2000 $c/m^2$, 24 h,atm, respectively. The anti-browning treatments were sprayed by 0.5%(w/w) solution of Sporix Sporix(Sodium polyphosphate and $ClO_2$ gas The weight loss ratio was increased with increasing shelf period and temperature. There were no big differences in weight loss ratio according to browning inhibitors. In case of $ClO_2$ treatment, the hardness and lightness of stem was showed higher than other treatment for shelf period. As results of freshness, the optimum browning inhibitor of P. eryngii was $ClO_2$ treatment and the shelf life was extended 36days at $10{\sim}15^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.367-377
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• 1997

In order to set public policy to overcome 'water crises' on both quantity and quality of water, we looked into the national-economic role of Korea water utility by two approaches. First, we examined the relationship between water consumption and economic growth during 1978-94, a period of rapid increase in water consumption caused by prompt industrialization and urbanization. The price and income elasticities of aggregate and sectoral demand for water were estimated. Second, we developed a static input-output(I-O) framework for analysing water issues in the short run. In addition, we discussed two topics in its application: i) sectoral failure(shortage) costs by supply-driven I-O model, ii) Leontief price model's sectoral pervasive effects of price due to rise in water rate. In conclusion, we found that investments to water sector and water shortage has a big influence on the standard of living and industrial production. Also we found that raising water rate to encourage conservation or to create investment funds decreases demand for water significantly but has a small influence on overall price levels.