• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.192-200
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• 1999

This paper describes experimental investigations of helium-air exchange flow through parti-tioned opening. Such exchange flow may occur following rupture accident of stand pipe in high temperature gas cooled reactor. A test vessel with a opening on top of test cylinder is used for experiments. An estimation method of mass increment is developed and applied to measure the exchange flow rate. A technique of flow visualization by Mach-Zehnder interferometer is provided to recognize the exchange flows. Flow measurements are made with partitioned opening for parti-tion rations $H_p/H_1$ in the range 0 to 1 where $H_p$ and $H_1$ are partition length and height of the open-ing respecticely. In the case of $H_p/H_1$ of 0 flow passages of upward flow of the helium and down-ward flow of the air within the opening are unseparated (bidirectional) and the two flows interact exchange flow rate is minimum through range of the partition ratios, Two flow zones i.e. separat-ed(unidirectional)flow zone and unseparated(bidirectional) flow zone exist with increasing the partition. length, The exchange flow rate increases with increasing the separated flow zone. It is found that a maximum exchange flow rate exists at $H_p/H_1$ of 1. As a result fo comparison of the exchange flow rates by changing the partition ration the fluids interaction in the unseparated zone is found to be an important factor on the helium-air exchange flow rate.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.6 no.10
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• pp.499-508
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• 2016

According to spreading K-pop globally, the market size related to K-pop stars is increasingly growing at home and abroad. Recently, services and products having direct interaction with the star are emerging. This research aims to propose a new service using a smart, connected social robotic figure that can support interaction between fans and K-pop stars. For this study, we begin by exploring literature about K-pop culture. Also, we investigate cases that connect between fans and stars and then build the development directions for a new service. Based on these development directions, we extract feasible technology and its interaction elements through analysing the cases of social robots. Finally, we propose the social robotic figure service in this research. This service proposed in this study can create and enhance diverse bidirectional communication between fans and stars through employing a user-customized, smart, connected figure based on a IoT platform. This research contributes to approaches for sustainable advance of K-pop through applying IoT technology.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.89.1-89.1
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• 2013

We present a multiwavelength study of the X-class flare, which occurred in active region (AR) NOAA 11339 on 3 November 2011. The EUV images recorded by SDO/AIA show the activation of a remote filament (located north of the AR) with footpoint brightenings about 50 min prior to the flare occurrence. The kinked filament rises-up slowly and after reaching a projected height of ~49 Mm, it bends and falls freely near the AR, where the X-class flare was triggered. Dynamic radio spectrum from the Green Bank Solar Radio Burst Spectrometer (GBSRBS) shows simultaneous detection of both positive and negative drifting pulsating structures (DPSs) in the decimetric radio frequencies (500-1200 MHz) during the impulsive phase of the flare. The global negative DPSs in solar flares are generally interpreted as a signature of electron acceleration related to the upward moving plasmoids in the solar corona. The EUV images from AIA $94{\AA}$ reveal the ejection of multiple plasmoids, which move simultaneously upward and downward in the corona during the magnetic reconnection. The estimated speeds of the upward and downward moving plasmoids are ~152-362 and ~83-254 km/s, respectively. These observations strongly support the recent numerical simulations of the formation and interaction of multiple plasmoids due to tearing of the current-sheet structure. On the basis of our analysis, we suggest that the simultaneous detection of both the negative and positive DPSs is most likely generated by the interaction/coalescence of the multiple plasmoids moving upward and downward along the current-sheet structure during the magnetic reconnection process. Moreover, the differential emission measure (DEM) analysis of the active region reveals presence of a hot flux-rope structure (visible in AIA 131 and $94{\AA}$) prior to the flare initiation and ejection of the multi-temperature plasmoids during the flare impulsive phase.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.560-568
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• 2012

As for the implementation technology of virtual space, the experience method becomes multifunctional and it recognizes movement, sound, temperature and pressure and is expanding to the studies on the interaction possible intelligent interaction technology field between contents and users. The virtual reality technology is being studied to apply the 3D graphic technology and physical phenomena to virtual space to increase the sense of reality and use hardware devices to the virtual environment to increase immersive experience. The production of interactive contents about the virtual underwater environment needs bidirectional interface technology to connect hardware devices and ocean contents in order to increase the sense of a user to increase the sense of immersion. In this study, it tried to express the virtual underwater environment with the sense of actuality and reality from the analysis of the environmental factors according to changes in depth of water and from the application of the normalized underwater physical laws. Also it was to develop sensory contents having to experience the skin scuba without directly entering the water by connecting a sensory simulator about the skin scuba with the virtual underwater environment.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.279-292
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• 2018

Inspired by the energy harvesting eel, a flexible flag behind a D-shape cylinder in a uniform viscous flow was simulated by using the immersed boundary method (IBM) along with low-speed wind tunnel experimentation. The flag in the wake of the cylinder was strongly influenced by the vortices shed from the upstream cylinder under the vortex-vortex and vortex-body interactions. Geometric and flow parameters were optimized for the flexible flag subjected to passive flapping. The influence of length and bending coefficient of the flexible flag, the diameters (D) of the cylinder and the streamwise spacing between the cylinder and the flag, on the energy generation was examined. Constructive and destructive vortex interaction modes, unidirectional and bidirectional bending and the different flapping frequency were found which explained the variations in the energy of the downstream flag. Voltage output and flapping behavior of the flag were also observed experimentally to find a more direct relationship between the bending of the flag and its power generation.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.21-31
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• 2020

This study investigates the dynamic effects of economic development, international cooperation, electricity consumption, and political risk on the escalation of CO₂ emission in Vietnam. We adopted autoregressive distributed lag model and Granger causality method to examine the interaction between CO₂ and various economic and political factors, including foreign direct investment, trade openness, economic growth, manufacture, electricity consumption, and political risk in Vietnam since the economic revolution in 1986. The findings reflect opposite influence between these factors and the level of CO₂ in the intermediate and long-term durations. Accordingly, foreign direct investment and CO₂ emission have a bidirectional relationship, in which foreign direct investment accelerates short-term CO₂ emission, but reduces it in the long run through an interactive mechanism. Moreover, economic development increases the volume of CO₂ emission in both short and long run. There was also evidence that political risk has a negative effect on the environment. Overall, the findings confirm lasting negative environmental effects of economic growth, trade liberalization, and increased electricity consumption. These factors, with Granger causality, mutually affect the escalation of CO₂ in Vietnam. In order to control the level of CO₂, more efforts are required to improve administrative transparency, attract high-quality foreign investment, and decouple the environment from economic development.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.91-107
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• 2012

This study aimed to understand communicative and socialization practices of immigrant bilingual families in everyday learning situations by examining interactions between parents and children in the United States. Drawn on language socialization theory and socio-cultural factors influencing immigrants, this study explored how three Korean American mothers struggled as they helped their children with homework by interviewing the mothers and observing mother-child interaction during homework time. The study paid attention to the emotional values of immigrant parents that they tried to teach their children who are members in two distinctive communities, such as Korean American and mainstream American. The findings showed that parental socialization practices had effects on children's emotional and social competence and at the same time the socialization process was bidirectional. Mothers started with Korean values, but they faced challenges with the English language, different demands for American homework, and children's rejection of their attempts. Mothers needed to change their strategy and borrow American ways of keeping emotional distance from their children by acknowledging their independence. Their struggles are discussed with attention to their language choice and culture.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.02a
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• pp.2078-2079
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• 2009

This research suggests the framework for human body learning system using various forms of bidirectional interfaces. The existing systems mostly use the limited and unidirectional methods which are merely focused on the visual information. Our system provides more realistic visual information using 3D organ models from the real human body. Also we combine the haptic and augmented reality techniques into our system for wider range of interaction means. Through this research, we aim to overcome the limitation of existing science education systems and explore the effective scheme to fuse the real and virtual educational environment into one.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.1141-1150
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• 2007

Molecular modeling study has been performed to assist in the design of PTP1B inhibitors using FlexX. FlexX dockings with 19 test ligands, whose structures have been determined by X-ray crystallography, were successful in reproducing the experimental conformations within the protein. An increase in biological activity is observed as hydrophobic character of formylchromone derivatives increases. Most ligands bind to the activesite regions of the protein successfully in two different score runs. The Drug score run gave better results than the FlexX score run based on the score, rank, binding modes and bond distance of docked structures. Consensus values from the CScore scoring function are between 3 and 5, suggesting that the scoring scheme is reliable. All formylchromone inhibitors considered in this work show unidirectional binding modes in the active site pocket, which is contrary to the bidirectional X-ray results by Malamas et al. and amino acid residues responsible for such orientation are identified to help further development of the inhibitors.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.01a
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• pp.1-5
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• 2011

A change toward a digital society is requiring of the human quotient who had new informatization ability, and is large to education is affecting it. The digital Storytelling which effective anger to be educational of traditional Storytelling was combined with came into being in these changes. As I provide together multi-media element such as a screen and sound digital Storytelling jumps over the existing Storytelling, and to move, I easily cause an interest of student, and I stimulate intellectual faculties various of a schoolchild, and I make bidirectional enemy interaction possible. Therefore, I extract whether it is the education that it can apply on-site an elementary school of a cow in this study after analyzing digital Storytelling, and digital Storytelling designs the class that it is possible, and I will present it.