• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.8 no.1_2
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• pp.31-35
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• 1993

The present study was undertaken to find a protective effect of Coptis Rhizoma Extract on liver injury induced by benzo(a)pyrene in rats. This crude drug significantly suppressed the increase of several biochemical parameters such as transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase in serum and liver and total cholesterol. But there were little changes in elevated serum phospholipid level. The results suggested that Coptis Rhizoma prevent bezo(a)pyrene-induced hepatic injury.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 1990

본 연구는 Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-KI) 배양세포에서 S-15분획에 의해 활성화된 bezo(a) pyrene (BP)과 3-methylcholanthrene(MC)에 의해 유발된 DNA단사절단과 DNA복제억제 및 그 회복과정에 미치는 한국산 인삼추출물 saponin의 영향을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. S-15분획으로 활성화된 10-5 M의 BP 또는 MC를 1.0-10ng/ml의 saponin과 함께 처리할 경우 BP와 MC단독처리군에 비해 DNA 단사절단률이 감소하였다. DNA 합성률은 활성화된 10-5M의 BP와 10-6 M의 MC에 의해 각각 50% 및 75% 억제되었으나, 0.1-10ng/ml의 saponin을 동시에 처리할 경우 DNA 합성억제률이 약 10% 이상 둔화되었다.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.169-191
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• 2012

This review paper describes the ambient air PAH concentrations in different developing Asian countries, including China, Afghanistan, India, Malaysia, Turkey, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Cambodia. In this study, more than 75 research papers published in the English literature were reviewed with respect to the seasonal and locational concentrations of PAHs in each of 9 different Asian countries. This study compared, discussed and tabulated the PAH concentrations in developing Asian countries over a one decade (2000-2011) period. The PAH concentrations measured in developing countries highlights the necessity to improve the air quality in those countries. Compared to the developed nations in Asia, developing countries are almost one decade away from implementing environmental policies, such as Euro standards. This review discusses the reasons for the high PAH concentrations in developing nations particularly in China and India. Based on the literature available, some suggestions are made to reduce the concentrations of PAHs in the ambient air of developing nations. The total data obtained from the literature survey is tabulated and presented as supplementary information at the end of the manuscript.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.266-272
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• 2011

The safety of liquid-type herbal preparations (47 samples) and beverages containing herbal medicines (18 samples), which are distributed in Gyeonggi province was studied by analyzing heavy metals, benzo(a)pyrene, preservatives and sugar content and to explain the differences between medicine and food based on the labeling standards. The herbal preparation is regarded as medicine and can be differentiated from the beverages containing herbal medicine, which is food, based on the fact that the herbal preparation should be labeled with usage, dosage, efficiency and effect. The mean concentrations of Pb, As, Cd, Hg were found to be 0.014 mg/kg, 0.113 mg/kg, 0.004 mg/kg and 0.003 mg/kg in herbal preparation and 0.009 mg/kg, 0.122 mg/kg, 0.003 mg/kg and 0.002 mg/kg in beverages containing herbal medicines, respectively. In 10 cases of herbal preparations and 6 cases of beverages containing Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Sukjihwang), benzo(a)pyrene was not found. According to preservative test on herbal medicine, dehydroacetic acid was found less than the indicated content in 6 cases out of 37 cases, which labeled with preservatives, and benzoic acid, dehydroacetic acid and methylparaben were contained with 164.0~198.0 mg/kg, 149.8~272.5 mg/kg and 88.4 mg/kg, respectively, in 3 cases out of 10 cases, which was not labeled with preservatives. Among 16 cases of beverages containing herbal medicines, 3 cases of preservative-labeled beverages had the preservatives, and the rest of all, which was not labeled with preservatives, did not show that they contain any preservative, therefore, it was suitable for the labeling standards. As a result of sugar content test, preservative-labeled products were not appreciably different from the others.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.147-168
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• 2012

Among all hazardous air pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are more significant owing to their carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic properties. Many researchers worldwide have focused on determining the concentrations of PAHs in ambient air. However, the literature survey reveals that the seriousness of air pollution in Asia in terms of PAHs, compared to the rest of the world. Owing to the importance of PAHs in Asia, this paper reviews the concentrations of PAHs in Asia in recent years. For convenience, this paper describes the concentrations of PAHs in developed Asian countries reported during 2000-2011 as Part-I and in developing Asian countries as Part-II. The first section of this review provides a brief description of the properties, sources of PAHs and the health effects caused by their presence in the atmosphere. The ambient air PAH concentrations in both particle and vapor phases in developed Asian countries are then discussed. This study finds the ambient air concentrations of PAHs in developed Asian countries was higher than the Western countries but was lower than the developing Asian countries. The present review predicts the accurate toxicity due to the presence of PAHs in the atmosphere by calculating the Risk Weighted Concentration (RWC), regardless of the total amount of PAHs. The total data obtained during the literature survey is tabulated and presented as supplementary information to the readers.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 2008

Colored potatoes are an excellent source of dietary polyphenols including anthocyanins. Generally, anthocyanins from fruits and vegetables exhibit anti-carcinogenesis and anti-cancer properties in vitro test. This experiment was conducted to know the effects of colored potato extracts contained anthocyanins on antimutagenic activity and anticancer activity to six human cancer cell lines containing LNCaP (androgen-dependent) prostate cancer cells. Extracts of three colored potatoes ('Hongyoung', 'Jayoung' and 'Jasim') and the white potato ('Superior') cultivars were used in this study. The extracts of three colored potatoes inhibited the mutagenicities induced by direct mutagen such as 4-nitro-quinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO) and another indirect mutagens of bezo(a)pyrene (BaP). Also, the extracts of 'Hoyoung' and 'Jayoung' showed higher antimutagenic activity than 'Jasim' and 'Superior' against to direct or indirect mutagen on both strains of TA98 and TA100. The activity of growth-inhibitory of extract of four potato cultivars were screened by SRB (sulphorhodamine B) method on diverse human cancer cells representing different types of cancers. Among the extract of four potato cultivars, the extract of 'Jasim' showed moderate inhibition on proliferation of LNCaP, ACHN and MOLT-4F cells and did not inhibit the proliferation of other cancer cells. On the other hand, extract of 'Superior' did not inhibit the proliferation of any tested cancer cell lines. However, the extracts of 'Hongyoung and Jayoung' inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells with $GI_{50}$ values ranging from 2.5 to $30\;{\mu}g/mL$. On the basis of the $GI_{50}$ values, it is clear that LNCaP cells were more sensitive to extracts of colored potato cultivars than other cancer cells. The extract of 'Jayoung' at $30\;{\mu}g/mL$ were more active and inhibited cell proliferation, and induced apoptosis in LNCaP cells. This result revealed that the extracts of colored potatoes are expected to be good candidate for development into source of antimutagenic and anticancer agent.