• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권5호통권112호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2005

This study surveyed planting areas along streets in Gangwon-do to find out how to improve the planting and use of street trees and herbaceous plants. There were 301,491 trees of 41 species on the streets of Gangwon-do in 2004. The predominant species of street trees were Ginkgo biloba ($40\%$), Prunus spp. (Prunus yedoensis and Prunus sargentii) ($25\%$), Platanus occidentalis ($5\%$), followed by Betula platyphylla var. japonica, Zelkova serrata, Prunus armeniaca var. ansu, Acer palmatum, and Pinus thunbergii. Eighty-four herbaceous plant species were found in the Youngseo district (the southern area of Gangwon-do); the ratio of native species to exotic was 51:33. The predominant species were Cosmos bipinnatus, Petunia hybrida, Tagetes spp., Aster koraiensis, and Fagopyrum esculentum. Eighty-nine herbaceous plant species were found in the Youngdong district (the eastern area of Gangwon-do); the ratio of native species to exotic was 55:33. The predominant herbaceous plants were Aster koraiensis, Tagetes spp., Petunia hybrida, Rudbeckia bicolor, Cosmos bipinnatus, Salvia splendens, Brassica oleraceae var. acephala, Aquilegia buergeriana var. oxysepala, Coreopsis drummondii, Viola tricolor, and Dianthus superbus var. longicalycinus. Appropriate pruning adds to the aesthetic value of trees and prolongs their useful life; it also maintains good health and thereby reduces the need to control insects and diseases. Street trees had not been properly pruned due to the presence of power lines and a shortage of pruning information. The pruning was controlled by Korea Electric Power Company, which has no pruning information. Pruning must be maintained by a professional landscape company in order to maintain good shape, such as that which is done for bonsai. In order to improve the planting, use and maintenance of landscape plants in Gangwon-do, the following recommendations are made: street tree species should be diversified, suitable street trees should be selected for each space, native species should generally be used, trees should be appropriately pruned and properly fertilized, pests and diseases should be controlled, plantings should be done in multiple layers, spatial arrangements should be improved, larger trees should be planted, and drainage and underground electric wires should be considered when planting.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.76-85
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• 2009

This study was carried to select the proper vegetation base materials which improve soil quality in abandoned coal mine areas. Also, we aimed at the feasibility of the direct seeding method without soil molding for the ecological restoration in those areas. We set total eight plots within the study site established on an abandoned coal mine area near Taebaek city, Gangwon province in April 2006. The plots were classified as two groups(straw mats mulching and no mulching), and the four treatments (C; control, MI; microbial innoculation, WC; wood chip, OF; organic fertilizer) were applied in each two groups for the soil conditioning. The survival of Pinus densiflora was highest among other species(Betula platyphylla var. japonica, Amorpha fruticosa and Arundinella hirta). For the non straw mat, the survival rate of Pinus densiflora seedlings was highest in the WC treatment($1,756trees/m^2$). For the straw mat, survival rate of Pinus densiflora seedlings was also highest in the WC treatment ($1,622trees/m^2$). In addition, for the non straw mat, the height growth of Pinus densiflora seedling was highest in the OF treatment($12.4{\pm}3.9cm$). For the straw mat, the height growth of Pinus densiflora seedling was also highest in the OF treatment($18.7{\pm}5.3cm$). In general, organic fertilizer treatment with the straw mat was most effective for seedling growth. Also, we suggested that the direct seeding method without soil molding could be sufficiently possible for revegetating abandoned coal mine, Korea.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.1319-1328
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• 2011

Rhododendron brachycarpum is a evergreen broad-leaved shrub and belongs to the Ericaceae family and the Rhododendron genus. It is well known for its beautiful leaves and flowers. There are 11 species of the Rhododendron genus in Korea. It includes 3 species - Rhododendron brachycarpum, Rhododendron aureum Georgi and Rhododendron brachycarpum var. roseum Koidz. They grow naturally over 1,000 meters above sea level of the Baekdu Mountain Range in Korea. These habitats, according to investigations of 9 Rhododendron brachycarpum natural habitats, are mostly located on the slope of mountains facing north at an altitude of 1,200 m to 1,526 m above sea level with angle of inclination from 30 degrees to 45 degrees. Based on the result of vegetation analysis of dominance species in the quadrates, there are Quercus aliena, Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb, Abies holophylla in species of upper trees, and so on. Dominant species of woody plants in tree layer are Quercus aliena, Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb, Abies holophylla, Betula platyphylla and Veeatrum patulum Loes. fil, Erythronium japonicum, Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Paeonia japonica var. glabra Makino are founded in herbaceous plants. And we can see another result of the investigation that the flowering rates of the plants with the buds are highly ranked mountains such as Mt. Hambaek 68%, Mt. Gyebang 40%, Mt. Yagksu 9%, Mt. Gaein 7% and Mt. Seolag 0%. The results show that there are 24 over 15-year-old Rhododendron brachycarpums in Mt. Odae and are 56 under 15-year-old trees in Mt. Hambaek and are no trees in Mt. Gyebang and are 9 over 30-year-dead trees only in Mt. Taebaeg. Out of found trees, the highest tree is 7 m in height and 0.6 m in diameter. Also this result shows what are the vulnerability factors of the natural habitats. They are as follows: indiscriminate trails in mountains, damages by mountain climbers, uncareful plant collecting, the fierce competitions with other plants such as Acer pseudosieboldianum var. ishidoyanum Uyeki, Quercus aliena, Celastrus orbiculatus and damages by disease and insect, unusual temperature in natural habitats, etc. Rhododendron brachycarpums have high ornamental value and excellent pharmaceutical effect. But the areas of its habitats decrease dramatically. So we need measures to protect and their natural habitats. It is necessary that we conductfurther investigations to designate conservation area for Rhododendron brachycarpums.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.40-46
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• 1986

국내산(國內産) 16수종재의 철오염(鐵汚染), 알칼리오염(汚染) 산오염(酸汚染), 태양광(太陽光)에 의한 변색을 측정한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 철오염(鐵汚染)이 심(甚)한 수종(樹種)은 일본잎갈나무, 신갈나무, 느티나무, 왕버섯나무등 이었고, 적은 수종(樹種)은 참오동나무, 리기다소나무등 이었다. 2. 국내산수종(國內産樹種)은 알칼리오염(汚染)이 적은 평이었고, 알칼리오염(汚染)이 낮은 수종은 젓나무, 음나무, 현사시, 고로쇠나무, 리기다소나무, 신갈나무, 자작나무, 왕벗나무, 느티나무, 이태리포플러, 잣나무, 참오동나무 등이었다. 3. 산오염(酸汚染)이 심(甚)한 수종(樹種)은 본(本) 실험(實驗)에서 사용재중(使用材中)에는 나타나지 않았고, 낮은 수종은 리기다소나무, 오동나무, 잣나무, 신갈나무, 음나무, 고로쇠나무 등 이었다. 4. 태양광(太陽光)에 의한 변색은 본(本) 실험(實驗)에서 사용(使用)한 공시재중(供試材中)에는 변색의 정도가 높은편으로서 변색이 심(甚)한 수종은 일본잎갈나무, 고로쇠나무, 참오도나무, 이태리포플러, 소나무, 아까시나무, 젓나무, 현사시, 느티나무, 왕벗나무, 리기다소나무 등이었으며, 태양광에 의한 변색이 낮은 수종(樹種)은 오리나무로서 국내산재 16수종이 태양광에 의한 변색의 정도가 높은 것이 특징이었다. 일반적(一般的)으로, 한국산(韓國産) 수종(樹種)은 태양광(太陽光)과 철오염(鐵汚染)에 의한 정도가 높은 편이었고, 알칼리오염(汚染)과 산오염(酸汚染)에 의한 변색은 낮은 편에 속하였다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.34-58
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 강원도 원주시와 횡성군내에 식재 활용 되고 있는 조경 식물의 이용 상황을 조사 분석하여 현재 어떠한 식물이 어떻게 이용되고 있는가를 파악함으로서 그 이용방법에 대한 개선 방안을 모색하고 아울러 원주시와 횡성군의 아름다운 경관 형성을 위한 관리 방법 등을 제시하였다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제80권2호
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• pp.210-219
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• 1991

P-V 곡선법(曲線法)을 적용(適用)하여 20종(種)의 낙엽활엽수(落葉闊葉樹)에 대한 내건성진단(耐乾性診斷)을 하였다. 엽(葉)의 수분특성인자(水分特性因子) 중 내건성판별(耐乾性判別)에 적합(適合)한 인자(因子)는 최대포수시(最大飽水時)의 삼투(滲透)포텐셜 (${\Psi}_0{^{sat}}$), 초기원형질분리점(初期原形質分離點)의 삼투(滲透)포텐셜(${\Psi}_0{^{tlp}}$), 세포막(細胞膜)의 최대탄성계수(最大彈性係數)($E_{max}$), 초기원형질분리점(初期原形質分離點)의 상대함수율(相對含水率)($RWC^{tlp}$)였으며, 그 밖에 상대함수율(相對含水率)(FWC)와 워터포텐셜(${\Psi}_L$)과의 관계, 팽압(膨壓)($P_{vat}$)과 ${\Psi}_L$과의 관계, H$\ddot{o}$fler diagram등의 그림을 내건성진단(耐乾性診斷)에 사용하였다. 이와같은 수분특성인자(水分特性因子)로 고찰(考察)할 때 물푸레나무, 상수리나무, 졸참나무, 갈참나무, 현사시등은 비교적 내건성(耐乾性)이 높은 수종(樹種)으로, 들메나무, 자작나무, 이태리포플러, 음나무, 서어나무, 까치박달, 산벚나무, 개벚나무, 층층나무등은 비교적 내건성(耐乾性)이 약(弱)한 수종(樹種)으로, 그리고 신갈나무, 고로쇠, 복자기, 당단풍, 느릅나무, 느티나무등은 중간(中間) 수종(樹種)으로 판별(判別)되었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.143-148
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• 2012

자작나무수액의 채취시기에 따른 성분 변화를 분석한 결과 갈변도와 탁도는 수액 채취시기가 늦어질수록 증가하여 각각 0.076~0.222 및 0.048~0.138의 범위를 나타내었으며, pH는 채취 후반부로 갈수록 감소하였으며, 총산도는 증가하였다. Citric acid는 채취 초기에는 검출되지 않았으나 후반기에 미량 검출되었고 malic acid는 채취 후반기로 갈수록 점차적으로 증가하였다. Glucose는 0.497~0.664%의 범위에서 증가하였다가 감소하였고, fructose는 0.364~0.433% 범위에서 채취 후반기로 갈수록 증가하였다. 조단백질 함량은 3.40~32.37 mg%의 범위에서 채취시기 후반기에 크게 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 조회분은 0.01~0.04% 범위에서 수액 채취 후반기로 갈수록 증가하였다. 무기성분으로는 Cu, Fe, Ca, Mg, Mn 및 K이 검출되었고 채취 후반기로 갈수록 증가하였으며, 그중 K는 5.25~37.27 mg/L의 범위에서 채취 후반기에 크게 증가하였다. 이상의 결과는 당류와 무기성분 및 단백질 등의 각종 성분이 함유된 자작나무수액을 이용한 기능성 소재 및 가공식품의 개발에 기초자료로 제공될 수 있을 것이며, 채취 후반기의 수액은 갈변도 및 탁도의 증가로 음용하기에 문제가 있지만, 영양성분의 증가로 인하여 영양적으로 우수할 것으로 판단되므로 수액의 품질을 일정하게 유지하기 위한 적절한 가공법이 적용된다면 자작나무 수액의 이용률 향상에 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2008

The effectiveness of rehabilitation programs for coal mining spoils in Samcheok, Jeongsun, and Mungyung were evaluated based on the physicochemical properties of soil in the rehabilitated areas. These spoils were reclaimed by introducing plants such as black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), pitch pine (Pinus rigida), birch (Betula platyphylla var. japonica), alder (Alnus hirsuta), bush clover (Lespedeza cyrtobotrya), and grass (Lolium perenne) in planting beds covered with forest soil. In the surface soil, the pH, organic matter, total N, available P, and exchangeable Ca showed significant changes over the years after reclamation. The pH and exchangeable Ca content decreased exponentially over time, whereas organic matter increased linearly and total N and available P increased exponentially. Changes in the physicochemical properties of subsurface soils displayed a different pattern. There were significant changes over time in the organic matter, available P, and exchangeable Ca and Mg contents of the soil. Organic matter increased logarithmically with years since rehabilitation and available P increased exponentially. Meanwhile, exchangeable Ca decreased exponentially, and Mg decreased logarithmically. The changes in the subsurface soil were not as dramatic as those in the surface soil. This result suggests that the ameliorating effects of the establishment and growth of plants more pronounced on the surface soil layer. Stand ordination data showed different relationships with time since rehabilitation in the early and later stages of the rehabilitation process. In the early stages of rehabilitation, stands tended to be arranged in the order of reclamation age. However, in the later stages, there was not a clear relationship between reclamation age and vegetation characteristics. This result suggests that soil amelioration is required for the early stages, after which an autogenic effect becomes more prominent as the vegetation becomes better established.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.13-33
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• 2012

Objective : The aim of this study is to find the therapeutic meaning of Pericarpium Granati and Cortex Betulae Platyphyllae in herbal medication. Methods : About the origin, the component, the processing the drug, the properties and tastes of drugs, the meridian tropism, the effects, the treating disease, the contraindication and the method of adminictration, I have researched 23 literatures and 10 disquisitions to mention the Pericarpium Granati and Cortex Betulae Platyphyllae. Result : 1. Pericarpium Granati is pericarp of mature fruit of The Pomegranate belongs to Punicaceae and Cortex Betulae Platyphyllae is bark of Betula platyphylla var. japonica (Miquel) Hara belongs to Betulaceae. 2. Pericarpium Granati consists of tannin 10.4~21.3%, lead 0.8%, resin 4.5%, mannitol 1.8%, sugar 2.7%, gum 3.2%, inulin 1.0%, musilage 0.6%, gallic acid 4.0%. Cortex Betulae Platyphyllae consists of betulin about 35%, various higher fatty acid about 35%, tannin about 7%. 3. The properties and taste of Pericarpium Granati is acid, astringency, warm, nontoxic and the meridian tropism is mainly stomach and large intestine meridian. The properties and taste of Cortex Betulae Platyphyllae is bitter, cold, nontoxic and the meridian tropism is mainly stomach meridian. 4. Pericarpium Granati has come into general use to treat roundworm, tapeworm, old diarrhea, anal prolapse, melena, metrorrhagia, leukorrhea, stomachache from worms, scabies etc. because it is effective on insecticiding, stopping diarrhea, controling hemorrhage and leukorrhea. Cortex Betulae Platyphyllae has come into general use to treat shigellosis, diarrhea, jaundice, cough, sputum, tonsillitis, pneumonia, nephritis, furuncle, prurigo, acne etc. because it is effective on cooling down heat, circulating humidity, removing phlegm, stopping cough, neutralizing poison. 5. Pericarpium Granati and Cortex Betulae Platyphyllae is useful method to external care. To use the herba, pulverize amount of property and then apply to the affected part. Conclusion : This study showed that Pericarpium Granati and Cortex Betulae Platyphyllae is useful herb to treat of skin disease and useful method to external care.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.256-264
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• 2004

본 연구는 폐탄광지의 식생복원에 관한 기초 정보를 제공하고자 강원도 태백시에 위치한 보림탄광, 성원탄광, 협정탄광, 대동탄광의 식생구조를 조사하였다. 상층의 경우 대조구는 1종류가 출현하였으며 소나무의 중요치가 가장 높았으나 4개 폐탄광지에서는 상층을 형성하는 수종이 없었다. 중층은 보림탄광 3종류, 성원탄광 2종류, 협정탄광 3종류, 대동탄광 2종류가 출현하였다. 하층은 보림탄광 12종류, 성원탄광 14종류, 협정탄광 9종류, 대동탄광은 8종류. 대조구는 9종류가 출현하였다 보림탄광은 소나무, 성원탄광은 족제비싸리, 협정탄광과 대동탄광은 산딸기의 중요치가 가장 높았다. 4개 폐탄광지 중 3개 이상 조사지의 하층에서 출현한 식물은 병꽃나무, 산딸기, 소나무, 자작나무, 국수나무, 참바리, 족제비싸리 등 7개 수종이었다. 하층의 종다양도는 대조구는 0.606으로 나타났으며, 4개 폐탄광지는 0.800-0.952의 종다양도를 나타내었다. 하층의 균재도와 우점도는 대조구가 각각 0.473과 0.527로 나타났으며, 4개 조사지는 각각 0.840∼0.886 과 0.051∼0.160의 범위에 있는 것으로 분석되었다.