• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.456-459
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• 2008

Quality of rice grain changes during dry storage with internal physiological changes and external injury by organism. Storage rice changes by condition with respiration via variable temperature, hydrolysis enzyme reaction, lipid peroxidation occurs with change of palatability. During dry storage, physiological change with protein variation pattern was examined by image analysis on proteomic technology. Analysis revealed that protein activity had no change store at room temperature and store at $40^{\circ}C$, but decreased store at $60^{\circ}C$. Analysis of variable hydrophobic protein pattern revealed that protein activity of beta-tubulin, protein disulfide isomerase, vacuolar ATPase b subunit, globulin was not significantly decreased all dry and store condition. However, heat shock protein 70, and glutathione transferase was significantly decreased when rice dried at $60^{\circ}C$ compared with room temperature and $40^{\circ}C$ dry condition.

• Mycobiology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.184-191
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• 2017

The anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum species is well-known as a major plant pathogen that primarily causes fruit rot in pepper and reduces its marketability. Thirty-five isolates representing species of Colletotrichum were obtained from chili fruits showing anthracnose disease symptoms in Chungcheongnam-do and Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea. These 35 isolates were characterized according to morphological characteristics and nucleotide sequence data of internal transcribed spacer, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase, and ${\beta}$-tubulin. The combined dataset shows that all of these 35 isolates were identified as C. scovillei and morphological characteristics were directly correlated with the nucleotide sequence data. Notably, these isolates were recorded for the first time as the causes of anthracnose caused by C. scovillei on pepper in Korea. Forty cultivars were used to investigate the pathogenicity and to identify the possible source of resistance. The result reveals that all of chili cultivars used in this study are susceptible to C. scovillei.

• Mycobiology
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.218-224
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• 2015

Aspergillus is an important fungal genus used for the fermentation of Asian foods; this genus is referred to as koji mold in Japan and China. A. oryzae, A. sojae, and A. tamari are used in the production of miso and shoyu in Japan, but a comprehensive taxonomic study of Aspergillus isolated from Meju, a fermented soybean starting material for traditional soy sauce and soybean paste in Korea, has not been conducted. In this study, various Aspergillus species were isolated during a study of the mycobiota of Meju, and the aspergilli were identified based on phenotypic characteristics and sequencing of the ${\beta}$-tubulin gene. Most strains of Aspergillus were found to belong to the following sections: Aspergillus (n = 220), Flavi (n = 213), and Nigri (n = 54). The most commonly identified species were A. oryzae (n = 183), A. pseudoglaucus (Eurotium repens) (n = 81), A. chevalieri (E. chevalieri) (n = 62), A. montevidensis (E. amstelodami) (n = 34), A. niger (n = 21), A. tamari (n = 15), A. ruber (E. rubrum) (n = 15), A. proliferans (n = 14), and A. luchuensis (n = 14); 25 species were identified from 533 Aspergillus strains. Aspergillus strains were mainly found during the high temperature fermentation period in the later steps of Meju fermentation.

• Mycobiology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.402-407
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• 2015

Two new fungal species of the genus Talaromyces, Talaromyces purpurogenus and Talaromyces trachyspermus from the Trichocomaceae family, were recovered during an investigation of fungal communities in soil collected from the Gangwon-do and Jeollanam-do provinces of Korea. These two species have not been previously officially reported from Korea. In this study, detailed descriptions of internal transcribed spacer rDNA and beta-tubulin gene regions of these two fungi are presented. Morphological features of the two fungi in five agar media, potato dextrose, oatmeal, malt extract, czapek yeast extract, and yeast extract sucrose, are also reported. The species were identified on the basis of molecular and morphological analysis, and herein we present data with detailed descriptions and figures.

• Mycobiology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.392-401
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• 2015

Using dilution plating method, 47 fungal isolates were obtained from a soil sample collected from Dokdo in the East Sea of Korea in 2013. In this study, two fungal isolates, EML-MFS30-1 and EML-DDSF4, were confirmed as undescribed species, Metarhizium guizhouense and Mortierella oligospora in Korea based on current classification system using multi loci including rDNA internal transcribed spacer, large subunit, small subunit, and ${\beta}$-tubulin (BTUB) genes. Herein, detailed morphological descriptions on characters of the undescribed fungal species as well as their molecular phylogenetic status are provided with comparisons to related species.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.334-336
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• 2014

A new species named Aspergillus cumulatus sp. nov. is described in Aspergillus section Aspergillus (Eurotium state). The type strain (KACC $47316^T$) of this species was isolated from rice straw used in meju fermentations in Korea, and other strains were isolated from the air in a meju fermentation room. The species is characterized by growth at a wide range of water activities and the formation of aerial hyphae on malt extract 60% sucrose agar (ME60S) that resemble a cumulus cloud. Furthermore, A. cumulatus produces yellow ascomata containing small lenticular ascospores (5.1-5.7 ${\mu}m$) with a wide furrow, low equatorial crests, and tuberculate convex surface. The species is phylogenetically distinct from the other reported Aspergillus section Aspergillus species based on multilocus sequence typing using rDNA-ITS, ${\beta}$-tubulin, calmodulin, and RNA polymerase II genes.

• Mycobiology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.191-201
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• 2016

In this study, the phylogeny and morphology of Mycosphaerella nawae (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota) were examined using Korean and Japanese isolates, to establish the phylogenetic relationship between M. nawae and its allied species. Korean and Japanese isolates of M. nawae were collected from circular leaf spot-diseased leaves and were confirmed based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence data. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using multiple genes, including the ITS region, 28S rDNA, ${\beta}-tubulin$, translation elongation $factor-1{\alpha}$, and actin genes. Our results revealed that M. nawae is closely related to members of the genus Phaeophleospora but are distant from the Ramularia spp. In addition, microscopic analysis revealed pseudothecia on the adaxial and abaxial surface of overwintered diseased leaves (ODL) and only on the abaxial surface of diseased leaves. Ascospores are oval to fusiform, one-septate, tapered at both ends, $1.7{\sim}3.1{\times}8.1{\sim}14.1{\mu}m$, and were observed in ODL. Conidia are oval, guttulate, one-septate, $3.5{\sim}4.9{\times}12.8{\sim}19.8{\mu}m$, and barely discernable on 30-day cultures. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the phylogeny of M. nawae, which is closely related to the genus Phaeophleospora, especially P. scytalidii.

• Mycobiology
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.327-337
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• 2017

Three new records of Ascomycota species (Chaetomium acropullum, Phialemonium globosum, Phialemonium atrogriseum) from field soils in Korea are presented in this study. These newly discovered fungal isolates were isolated from field soils from various places across Gyeongnam, Korea in 2016. All the isolates were identified and described based on morphological characteristics, and rDNA internal transcribed spacer and ${\beta}$-tubulin gene sequence data. Morphological features of these fungal species were studied on different agar media: potato dextrose agar, oatmeal agar, malt extract agar, Czapek yeast extract agar, and yeast extract sucrose agar. Full description and illustrations of their morphological characters are provided. These fungal species have not officially been previously reported in Korea.

• Mycobiology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.340-345
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• 2019

An 82-year-old man with diabetes was admitted to the emergency department with a third-degree burn on his left leg. The deep swab specimen from his left leg was cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar without cycloheximide and incubated at $25^{\circ}C$ for 5 days. On the basis of morphological characteristics and multigene phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA and partial fragments of beta-tubulin and translation elongation factor 1-alpha, the causal agent of fungal skin infection was identified as Bisifusarium delphinoides, which was newly introduced by accommodating a Fusarium dimerum species complex. Thus, we describe here the first case of skin infection caused by B. delphinoides on a burn patient with diabetes mellitus based on morphological observation and molecular analysis.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.181-186
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• 2019

A designated fungal isolate, KNU-US-1802E was isolated from the soil in Uiseong, Korea. To identify characteristics of the isolate, it was cultured on PDA media for 6 days at $35^{\circ}C$. Colonies on PDA are flat, light gray, dense, with entire margins; reverse dark gray to black, with white margins. Aerial mycelia were smooth-walled, hyaline and 40~42 mm diameter after 6 days at $35^{\circ}C$. Conidia were hyaline, one-celled, ellipsoidal to fusiform, forming long chains with average length ${\times}$ width of $5.0{\pm}0.3{\times}2.9{\pm}0.2{\mu}m$. Molecular analysis indicates that the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and partial beta-tubulin (tub2) gene sequence showed 100% and 99% similarities, respectively with Acrophialophora ellipsoidea CGMCC 3.15255 collected from China. Phylogenetic analysis by the neighbor-joining (NJ) method shows that the KNU-US-1802E was clustered with A. ellipsoidea CGMCC 3.15255 in a phylogenetic tree constructed using the concatenated sequences of ITS region and tub2 gene sequences with a high bootstrap value. Based on these findings, the isolate KNU-US-1802E was identified as Acrophialophora ellipsoidea, and this is the first report of this isolate in Korea.